Vents Egans Ch.44-1

Front 1

the most common diagnosis requiring mechanical ventilatory support:

Back 1

1. acute respiratory failure
2. COPD exacerbation

Front 2

the 4 therapeutic goals of mechanical ventilation:

Back 2

-- to maintain adequate alveolar ventilation.
-- to maintain oxygen delivery.
-- to restore acid-base balance.
-- to reduce the work of breathing with minimal harmful side effects and complications

Front 3

lists 3 advantages of negative pressure ventilation:

Back 3

-- the lack of need for an artificial airway.
-- relative simplicity.
-- ease of use of the devices

Front 4

list 3 situations in which noninvasive positive pressure ventilation should be considered:

Back 4

-- in the management of acute exacerbation of COPD.
-- management of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
-- the treatment of patients who are prematurely extubated after conventional mechanical ventilation

Front 5

inability to tolerate the nasal or oral mask,
poor mask fit,
secretion problems,
severe hypoxemia,
severe acidosis,
hypotension,
and upper airway obstruction
are all related to:

Back 5

contraindications for the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation

Front 6

in PSV, what cycles off inspiration?

Back 6

flow

Front 7

disadvantages of assist control mode include:

Back 7

-- an increase in the work of breathing with inappropriate sensitivity and flow settings

Front 8

-- anxiety.
-- pain.
-- hypoxemia.
-- metabolic acidosis
-- inappropriate ventilator settings....... can all lead to:

Back 8

a patient raising their respiratory rate

Front 9

pressure control ventilation is selected in which situations:

Back 9

-- for patients who have poor results, with volume control.
-- when limiting the plateau pressure is a concern.
-- in the care of patients expected to need prolonged inspiration (typically ALI or ARDS patients)

Front 10

the maximum suggested a rate to achieve the desired pH in adult patients in pressure control mode is:

Back 10

35 breaths per minute

Front 11

-- improved gas distribution.
-- decreased hyperinflation of compliant alveoli.
-- sustained inspiration pressure may result in more alveolar recruitment.
-- lower peak inspiratory pressure.
-- variable flow is able to compensate for small air leaks, are all:

Back 11

advantages of pressure control ventilation

Front 12

-- higher mean airway pressure that can decrease in venous return and cardiac output.
-- varying tidal volumes based on lung compliance, resistance, and patient effort.
-- if tidal volume or minute ventilation alarms are not set properly, alveolar hypoventilation and acidosis may not be detected, are all cases of:

Back 12

disadvantages of pressure control ventilation

Front 13

VAPS stands for:

Back 13

volume assured pressure support

Front 14

PRVC stands for:

Back 14

pressure regulated volume control

Front 15

what protective lung strategy is should be used when a plateau pressure is approaching 30 cm H2O?

Back 15

the pressure limit or the tidal volume should be decreased

Front 16

air trapping during positive pressure ventilation is often referred to as:

Back 16

--dynamic hyperinflation
-- auto PEEP.
-- occult PEEP.
-- intrinsic PEEP

Front 17

--V/Q mismatch
-- shunt
-- alveolar hypoventilation.
-- diffusion impairment.
-- decreased inspired O2.
-- Venus admixture
are all causes of:

Back 17

acute respiratory failure