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317 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Kyphosis
|
Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column
|
|
Scoliosis
|
Lateral deviation of vertebral column
|
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Transverse foramina
|
Major feature of cervical vertebrae
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L4
|
Vertebra located at level of iliac crest
|
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Ligamentum flavum
|
Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae
|
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Anterior longitudinal
|
Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column
|
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Anterior longitudinal
|
Ligament affected by whiplash injury
|
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Alar
|
Ligament which limits skull rotation
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Pedicle
|
Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area
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Pars interarticularis
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Lamina
|
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Posterior
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Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae
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Transverse ligament of atlas (part of cruciate)
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Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens
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L4-5
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Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc
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L5
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Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc
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C6
|
Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6
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sixth
|
Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation
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L4
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Vertebral level of lumbar puncture
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Suboccipital nerve
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Innervation of suboccipital muscles
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Semispinalis capitis
|
Roof of suboccipital triangle
|
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posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
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Floor of suboccipital triangle
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Vertebral artery
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Major vessel within suboccipital triangle
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Greater occipital nerve
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Synonym for dorsal ramus of C2
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SV2
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Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac
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LV2
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Inferior extent of spinal cord
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Epidural space
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Location of internal vertebral plexus
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Clavicle
|
Most frequently fractured bone of body
|
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Lunate
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Most frequently dislocated carpal bone
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Scaphoid
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Most frequently fracture carpal bone
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Colle's fracture
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Name of fracture of distal radius that produces "dinner fork" appearance
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Axillary
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Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus
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Ulnar
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Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle
|
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Radial
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Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus
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Radial
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Nerve injured in wrist drop
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Deltoid
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Muscle that is chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint
|
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Deltoid and teres minor
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Muscles innervated by axillary nerve
|
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Supraspinatus
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Muscle that initiates abduction of arm
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Supraspinatus
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Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff
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Trapezius and serratus anterior
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Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm
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Long head of biceps
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Tendon that courses through shoulder joint
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Biceps brachii
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Chief supinator muscle of hand
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Long thoracic nerve
|
Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula
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C5 and C6
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Spinal levels of axillary nerve
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C8 and T1
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Spinal levels to muscles of the hand
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C6
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Dermatome of thumb
|
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Recurrent branch of Median
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Nerve to thenar compartment
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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Innervation of adductor pollicis
|
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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Innervation to all interosseous muscles
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Shoulder
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Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Intrinsic hand muscles
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Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Median
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Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome
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Ulnar
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Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome
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Lumbricals
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Paralysis of which muscles results in total "claw" hand
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Inguinal ligament
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sartorius and adductor longus
|
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Femoral nerve
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Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath
|
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Femoral vein
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Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath
|
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Deep inguinal lymph nodes
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Contents of femoral canal
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Lacunar ligament
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Medial boundary of femoral ring
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Femoral artery and vein
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Structures that course throughout entire length of adductor canal
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Saphenous nerve
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nerve
|
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to vastus medialis
|
descending genicular vessels
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Popliteus
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Muscle that forms floor of popliteal fossa
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Iliopsoas
|
Muscle that is chief flexor at hip joint
|
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Gluteus medius
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Muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking
|
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Quadriceps femoris
|
Muscle that extends leg
|
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Popliteus
|
Muscle that unlocks knee joint
|
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Tibialis anterior
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Muscle affected with "foot slap"
|
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Tibialis anterior and posterior
|
Chief invertors of foot
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Fibularis longus and brevis
|
Chief evertors of foot
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Anterior cruciate
|
Ligament that checks backward displacement of femur on tibia
|
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Medial collateral
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Ligament laxity with positive valgus maneuver
|
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Anterior talofibular
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Most commonly injured ankle ligament
|
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Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring)
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Ligament stretched with "flat foot"
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Tarsal
|
Joints for movements of inversion and eversion
|
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Medial femoral circumflex
|
Major artery to head of femur in adult
|
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Common fibular
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Nerve affected with fracture of head and neck of fibula
|
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Fibularis brevis
|
Tendon affected with avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal
|
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Obturator
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tibial portion of Sciatic
|
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Tibial
|
Nerve affected with tarsal tunnel syndrome
|
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Saphenous (L4)
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Cutaneous innervation to medial side of foot
|
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Sural (S1)
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Cutaneous innervation to lateral side of foot
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Tibial
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Cutaneous innervation of heel
|
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Deep fibular
|
Cutaneous innervation to dorsal aspect of web between toes 1 and 2
|
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Superficial fibular
|
Cutaneous innervation of most of dorsum of foot
|
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L4
|
Major dermatome to big toe
|
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S1
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Dermatome to small toe
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L4
|
Spinal level of patellar reflex
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S1
|
Spinal level of Achilles reflex
|
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Meniscus injury
|
Locking of knee when walking suggests
|
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Medial collateral
|
medial
|
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meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament
|
Major injury triad with lateral impact to knee
|
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T4
|
Dermatome around nipple
|
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TV7
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Vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula
|
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Thymus
|
Structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium
|
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2nd
|
Rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly
|
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4th
|
Rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung
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6th rib
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Inferior extent of lung at midclavicular line
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8th rib
|
Inferior extent of pleura at midclavicular line
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8th rib
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Inferior extent of lung at midaxillary line
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10th rib
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Inferior extent of pleura at midaxillary line
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10th rib
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Inferior extent of lung posteriorly
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12th rib
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Inferior extent of pleura posteriorly
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Intercostal nerve
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Innervation of costal pleura
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Phrenic nerve
|
Innervation of mediastinal pleura
|
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Left 2nd interspace
|
Site for auscultation of pulmonary valve
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Right 2nd interspace
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Site for auscultation of aortic valve
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Xiphisternal joint
|
Site for auscultation of tricuspid valve
|
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Left 5th interspace
|
midclavicular line
|
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Right ventricle
|
Heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection
|
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Left ventricle
|
Chamber that forms apex of heart
|
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Left atrium
|
major chamber that forms base of heart
|
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Right ventricle
|
Heart chamber that contains moderator band
|
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Posterior interventricular
|
Artery that determines coronary dominance
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Right coronary artery
|
Usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries
|
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Cristae terminalis
|
Location of SA node
|
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Coronary sinus
|
Major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart
|
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Phrenic nerve
|
Innervation of fibrous pericardium
|
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Aortic stenosis
|
Most common cause of systolic ejection murmur
|
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Second rib
|
Rib associated with sternal angle
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Disc between TV4-5
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Vertebral level associated with sternal angle
|
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Between left pulmonary artery and aorta
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Location of ductus arteriosus
|
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Nerve
|
Nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus
|
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Subclavian and internal Jugular
|
Veins that unite to form brachiocephalic
|
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Right and left Brachiocephalic
|
Veins that unite to form superior vena cava
|
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Superior vena cava
|
Termination of azygos vein
|
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Azygos veins
|
aorta
|
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T5-9
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Spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve
|
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T10-11
|
Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve
|
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T12
|
Spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve
|
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Left bronchus
|
aorta and
|
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Diaphragm
|
Thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus
|
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Myasthenia gravis
|
Disease often associated with thymoma
|
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Round ligament of liver
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Remnant of umbilical vein
|
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T10
|
Dermatome to umbilical area
|
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L1
|
Dermatome to suprapubic area
|
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T12
|
Vertebral level associated with origin of celiac artery
|
|
L1
|
Vertebral level associated with origin of SMA
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L2
|
Vertebral level associated with origin renal arteries
|
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L2
|
Vertebral level associated with origin of gonadal arteries
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L3
|
Vertebral level associated with origin of IMA
|
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Disc L3-4
|
Vertebral level of umbilicus
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L5
|
Vertebral level of aortic bifurcation
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L5
|
Vertebral level for formation of IVC
|
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T7 - L1
|
Spinal levels to muscles of anterior abdominal wall
|
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Oblique
|
Structure that forms superficial inguinal ring
|
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Trasnversalis fasica
|
Structure that forms deep inguinal ring
|
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Inguinal ligament
|
Structure that form floor of inguinal canal
|
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ASIS and pubic tubercle
|
Bony attachments of inguinal ligament
|
|
transversus abdominis
|
Structures that form conjoint tendon
|
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External oblique
|
Abdominal layer continuous with external spermatic fascia
|
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Internal oblique
|
Abdominal continuous with cremasteric fascia
|
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Transversalis fascia
|
Abdominal layer continuous with internal spermatic fascia
|
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Inferior epigastric artery
|
Structure that lies between protrusion sites of direct and indirect hernias
|
|
Indirect inguinal
|
Type of hernia that enters deep inguinal ring
|
|
Indirect inguinal
|
Most common type of hernia
|
|
Right
|
Most common side for indirect inguinal hernia
|
|
Direct inguinal
|
Type of hernia that protrudes through Hesselbach's triangle
|
|
Inguinal ligament
|
rectus
|
|
abdominis
|
inferior epigastric artery and vein
|
|
Indirect inguinal
|
Type of hernia that traverses both deep and superficial rings
|
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Hydrocele
|
Fluid in processus vaginalis
|
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Epiploic foramen
|
Communication between greater and lesser sacs
|
|
Caudate lobe of liver
|
Superior border of epiploic foramen
|
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Part one of duodenum
|
Inferior border of epiploic foramen
|
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IVC
|
Posteiror border of epiploic foramen
|
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omentum)
|
Ligament that contains portal vein
|
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Phrenicocolic ligament
|
Structure that limits spread of ascitic fluid in left paracolic gutter
|
|
Root of mesentary
|
Structure that limits spread of ascitic fluid within infracolic compartment
|
|
Hepatorenal recess
|
Superior extent of right paracolic gutter
|
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Rectouterine pouch
|
Most inferior portion of peritoneal cavity
|
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Stomach
|
duodenum
|
|
spleen
|
gallbladder
|
|
Left gastric
|
common
|
|
hepatic and splenic
|
Branches of celiac artery
|
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gastroepiploics
|
right
|
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Pancreas
|
spleen
|
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kidney and suprarenal gland
|
diaphragm
|
|
Cystic and common Hepatic
|
Ducts that join to form common bile duct
|
|
Falciform ligament
|
Structure that separates right and left lobes of liver
|
|
Right hepatic artery
|
Origin of cystic artery
|
|
Ribs 9-11
|
Ribs directly related to spleen
|
|
Stomach
|
colon
|
|
SMA
|
Artery to small intestine
|
|
Duodenum
|
pancreas
|
|
Transverse colon
|
Organs supplied by both SMA and IMA
|
|
IVC
|
Vessel located posterior to head of pancreas
|
|
Portal vein
|
Vessel located posterior to neck of pancreas
|
|
Splenic and SMV
|
Veins that unite to form portal vein
|
|
Esophagus
|
rectum
|
|
Left renal vein
|
duodenum
|
|
Tenia coli
|
haustra
|
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Left renal vein
|
Termination of left gonadal vein
|
|
Inferior vena cava
|
Termination of right gonadal vein
|
|
Umbilical region
|
Location of initial pain of appendicitis
|
|
Phrenic
|
Motor innervation of diaphragm
|
|
Phrenic + intercostal
|
Sensory innervation of diaphragm
|
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C3-5
|
Spinal levels of phrenic nerve
|
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T8
|
Vertebral level that inferior vena cava traverses diaphragm
|
|
T10
|
Vertebral level that esophagus traverses diaphragm
|
|
Vagal trunks
|
Structures that traverse diaphragm with esophagus
|
|
T12
|
Vertebral level that aorta traverses diaphragm
|
|
Thoracic duct
|
Structure that traverses diaphragm with aorta
|
|
Greater
|
lesser and least
|
|
splanchnic nerves
|
Structure that traverses diaphragm through crura
|
|
Pelvic diaphragm
|
Structure that separates pelvis and perineum
|
|
Levator ani + coccygeus
|
Two major components of pelvic diaphragm
|
|
Iliococcygeus
|
Two major components of levator ani
|
|
Piriformis
|
Two muscles which close lateral pelvic wall
|
|
Lesser sciatic foramen
|
Means by which obturator internus exits pelvis
|
|
Greater sciatic foramen
|
Means by which piriformis exits pelvis
|
|
Pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)
|
Innervation of detrusor
|
|
Medial umbilical ligaments
|
Remnants of umbilical arteries
|
|
Superior rectal
|
Chief artery to rectal mucosa
|
|
Gynecoid
|
Most common type of pelvic inlet in females
|
|
Ovarian and round Ligament
|
Two remnants of gubernaculum in females
|
|
Suspensory ligament of Ovary
|
Ligament that contains ovarian vessels
|
|
Lumbar
|
Lymph nodes for ovary and testes
|
|
Anterverted
|
anteflexed
|
|
Pubococcygeus
|
Chief uterine support
|
|
Lateral cervical
|
Ligament that contains uterine vessels
|
|
Ureter
|
Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy
|
|
Inferior and posterior
|
Relation of ureter to uterine artery
|
|
Perineal membrane
|
Structure that separates deep and superficial perineal spaces
|
|
Ischial tuberosities
|
Bony landmarks between anal and UG triangles
|
|
Fascia of obturator Internus
|
Lateral wall of ischioanal fossa
|
|
Fascia of obturator Internus
|
Structure that forms the pudendal canal
|
|
Pectinate line
|
Structure that separates internal and external hemorrhoids
|
|
Internal iliac
|
IM
|
|
Superficial inguinal
|
Lymph nodes for area inferior to pectinate line of anal canal
|
|
Sphincter urethrae
|
Major structure of deep perineal space
|
|
Deep inguinal
|
Lymph nodes for glans penis
|
|
Bulbospongiosus
|
Muscle which compresses the bulb of penis
|
|
Ischiocavernosus
|
Muscle which compresses the crus of penis
|
|
perineal
|
bulbospongiosus
|
|
CV3
|
Vertebral level of hyoid bone
|
|
CV4
|
5
|
|
CV6
|
Vertebral level of cricoid cartilage
|
|
Trapezius
|
SCM
|
|
Brachial plexus
|
subclavian artery
|
|
Ansa cervicalis
|
Innervation of omohyoid
|
|
Posterior belly = CN VII
|
Innervation of digastric
|
|
CN IX
|
CN X
|
|
Auditory tube
|
levator veli
|
|
Palatini
|
Major structures to pass through pharyngeal wall superior to superior constrictor
|
|
CN IX
|
CN X
|
|
Stylopharyngeus
|
Only muscle innervated by CN IX
|
|
Internal laryngeal nerve
|
|
|
superior laryngeal artery
|
Structures that pierce thyrohyoid membrane
|
|
Posterior cricoarytenoid
|
Only muscle to abduct vocal cords
|
|
External laryngeal nerve
|
Innervation of cricothyroid
|
|
Recurrent laryngeal
|
Innervation of laryngeal muscles exclusive of cricothyroid
|
|
Cricothyroid
|
Muscle that increases tension on vocal cords
|
|
Internal laryngeal
|
Sensory nerve to larynx superior to vocal cords
|
|
Recurrent laryngeal
|
Sensory nerve to larynx inferior to vocal cords
|
|
Piriform recess
|
Site of aspirated lodged fishbone
|
|
CN IX - CN X
|
Afferent - efferent limbs of gag reflex
|
|
CN X - CN X
|
Afferent - efferent limbs of cough reflex
|
|
Recurrent laryngeal
|
Nerve injury that causes hoarseness following thyroid surgery
|
|
CN VII and VIII
|
Chief structures that traverse internal acoustic meatus
|
|
Stylomastoid foramen
|
Foramen where CN VII exits skull
|
|
Middle meningeal
|
Major arterial supply to calvaria and supratentorial dura
|
|
CN V
|
Major cutaneous nerve of face
|
|
Maxillary
|
Major artery to internal structures of head
|
|
T1 - 2
|
Spinal levels of sympathetic fibers to head
|
|
Ciliary
|
Autonomic ganglia for CN III
|
|
Geniculate
|
Sensory ganglia for CN VII
|
|
PPG and submandibular
|
Autonomic ganglia for CN VII
|
|
Otic
|
Autonomic ganglia for CN IX
|
|
Lateral pterygoid
|
Muscle attached to disc of TMJ
|
|
Temporalis
|
Muscle that retracts mandible
|
|
Auriculotemporal
|
Major nerve to TMJ (pain)
|
|
and lesser petrosal
|
Specific nerves that elicit secretion from the parotid gland
|
|
Auriculotemporal
|
Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetics to parotid
|
|
Posterior ethmoid sinus
|
Structure that opens into superior meatus of nasal cavity
|
|
Frontal
|
maxillary
|
|
and middle ethmoid
|
Structures that open into middle meatus of nasal cavity
|
|
Nasolacrimal duct
|
Structures that opens into inferior meatus of nasal cavity
|
|
Sphenopalatine
|
Major artery to nasal cavity
|
|
Kiesselbach's plexus
|
Most common site of nose bleed
|
|
CN X
|
Innervation of levator veli palatini
|
|
Tensor veli palatini
|
Muscle that opens auditory tube
|
|
CN V3
|
Innervation of tensor veli palatini
|
|
Chorda tympani
|
Nerve that provides taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
|
Geniculate ganglion
|
Site of cell bodies for nerve that carries taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
|
Chorda tympani
|
Specific nerve that elicits secretion from submandibular gland
|
|
Lingual
|
Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetic to submandibular
|
|
CN X
|
Nerve injured when tonsilar pillars sag and uvula deviates
|
|
CN IX
|
Nerve potentially injured with tonsillectomy
|
|
Genioglossus
|
Muscle that protrudes tongue
|
|
Ipsilateral CN XII
|
Nerve injured when deviation of protruded tongue
|
|
Greater petrosal CN VII
|
Specific nerve that stimulates tear production
|
|
CN V1 (nasociliary)
|
Sensory nerve to cornea
|
|
Inferior oblique
|
Muscle that elevates and abducts eye
|
|
Superior oblique
|
Muscle that depresses and abducts eye
|
|
Lateral horn
|
T1 - 2
|
|
Superior cervical ganglion
|
Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil
|
|
Edinger-Westphal
|
Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
|
Ciliary ganglion
|
Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
|
Auriculotemporal
|
CN X
|
|
CN IX
|
Innervation of internal surface of tympanic membrane
|
|
TV4-5
|
Level where ascending aorta is continuous with arch of aorta
|
|
TV4-5
|
Level where arch of aorta is continuous with descending aorta
|
|
Bronchodilation
|
Vasoconstriction
|
|
Bronchoconstriction
|
|
|
Vasodilation
|
Effect of parasympathetic nerves on lungs
|
|
Wider diameter
|
shorter and more vertical
|
|
Superior to 12th rib
|
posteriorly
|
|
infundibulum
|
Name given to portion of right ventricle prior to beginning of pulmonary trunk
|
|
Anteversion
|
Name given to orientation where uterus and vagina intersect at angle of 90 degrees
|
|
Anteflexion
|
Name given to orientation where uterine body and cervix intersect at angle of 10-15 degrees
|
|
Cristae terminalis
|
Ridge located between sinus venarum and right ventricle
|
|
Both left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves
|
Nerve at risk when performing thyroidectomy
|
|
Vastus medialis
|
Specific muscle that holds patella in place
|
|
Vastus medialis
|
First portion of quadriceps femoris to atrophy with injury to femoral nerve
|
|
Vastus medialis
|
Last portion of quadriceps femoris to recover following injury
|
|
Median nerve
|
Innervation to nail bed of middle finger
|
|
Ulnar and median
|
Innervation to nail bed of ring finger
|
|
L4
|
Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4
|