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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Soviet Union and the U.S. began a ________ which would last for nearly 50 years. |
Cold War |
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A symbolic __________ separated Western nations from those of the Soviet controlled nations. |
iron curtain |
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Many of the Eastern European nations became _________ of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. |
satellites |
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The U.S. practiced ________ to try and stop the spread of communism. |
containment |
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A _________ is someone who flees to a foreign country. |
refugee |
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What was the Cold War? |
The increasing tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. |
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What was the main goal of the United Nations? |
To promote peace among nations. |
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In what ways did the Marshall Plan encourage European recovery? |
By giving/lending $13 billion to 17 countries so they could restore their economy. |
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How did NATO and the Warsaw Pact divide Europe? |
By creating alliances with European countries. |
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What changes occurred in Asia after WWII? |
Japan was occupied by the U.S. military until 1952, and India and Pakistan gained independence in 1947. |
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What changes occurred in the Middle East after WWII? |
The U.N. divided Palestine into 2 states, war broke out, Gamal Abdel Nasser seized control of the Suez Canal, and a U.N. resolution and Soviet pressure helped end conflict. |
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TRUE/FALSE: As part of the Yalta agreement, all of Germany was given to the Soviet Union. |
false; western Germany was given |
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TRUE/FALSE: The iron curtain separated Soviet-controlled nations from the rest of Europe. |
true |
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TRUE/FALSE: The alliance known as NATO included the U.S., Canada, and the countries of Asia. |
false; u.s., Canada, and 10 Western European countries |
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TRUE/FALSE: In response to NATO, the Soviet Union organized a military alliance with its Eastern European satellites known as the Warsaw Pact. |
true |
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TRUE/FALSE: After the Communist takeover in China, the Nationalists fled to the Philippine Islands, where they formed their own government. |
false; they fled to Taiwan and formed their own government there |
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TRUE/FALSE: Many Jewish survivors of the Holocaust moved to Palestine after WWII. |
true |
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The Soviet Union and the U.S. were ___________, the most powerful nations in the world. |
superpowers |
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A ______________ was created at the 38th parallel once the Korean War was over. |
demilitarized zone |
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_________ is when someone lies under oath. |
perjury |
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During the 1950s, ____________ spread rapidly throughout the U.S. when innocent people were accused of being communists. |
McCarthyism |
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Who were the candidates for President in 1948? |
Harry Truman, Thomas E. Dewey, Strom Thurmond, and Henry A. Wallace |
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Why did pollsters expect President Truman to lose the election in 1948? |
Because Democratic loyalties were divided. |
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How did the Korean War end? |
North and South Korea signed an armistice. |
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Why did President Truman oppose an attack on China? |
Because he feared that it's bring the Soviet Union into the war, leading to a larger war with atomic weapons. |
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What events in the early 1950s showed Americans' concern about communism influence in the U.S.? |
Communist spies, building atomic weapons, and passing top-secret material to Soviet agents. |
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Harry Truman |
won re-election in the presidential election of 1948 |
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Thomas Dewey |
reported winner of the 1948 presidential election, but actually lost in a close race |
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Strom Thurmond |
Conservative Democrat nominee for president in 1948 |
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38th Parallel |
line of latitude that effectively separated North and South Korea |
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Douglas MacArthur |
General and leader of American forces in Korea, fired by President Truman |
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Julius Rosenberg |
one of the husband and wife spy team convicted of selling atomic secrets to the Soviets |
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Joseph |
State Department worker charged with passing top-secret material to Soviet agents |
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Joseph McCarthy |
republican senator who accused citizens and prominent Americans of being communist |
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The __________ was a competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union to develop space technology. |
space race |
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Meetings between important heads of state are called ______________. |
summit meetings |
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Why did Americans vote overwhelmingly for Eisenhower? |
Because he represented firmness, friendliness, and honestly. |
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What were some achievements of the Eisenhower administration? |
Creating the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, NASA, and the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956. |
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What were two important events in the fight for civil rights? |
The Supreme Court ruling that schools should start to desegregate and Eisenhower enforcing desegregation. |
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What did the Supreme Court rule in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka? |
They ruled that segregation on Alabama buses was unconstitutional. |
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What was the arms race? |
It was Americans and Soviets building more and powerful weapons. |
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In what ways did the Cold War intensify during Eisenhower's administration? |
By continuing communism. |
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Many families moved to ________ during the 1950s. |
suburbs |
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The large increase in population in the U.S. between 1946 and 1964 was known as the ___________. |
baby boom |
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The __________ is the difference between teens and their parents. |
generation gap |
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How did many Americans change their was of living in the 1950s? |
By starting families and moving to suburbs. |
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Why did many Americans move to the suburbs in the 1950s? |
Because people wanted to own their own homes. |
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What is one way television influenced Americans? |
By showing the "ideal" American life. |
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What contribution did Jackie Robinson make toward equality in the U.S.? |
He was signed into the Brooklyn Dodgers, won racially diverse fans, and was named Rookie of the Year in his first season of baseball. |
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Dwight D. Eisenhower |
won the 1952 presidency by a landslide |
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Adlai Stevenson |
governor of Illinois who lost the 1952 presidential election |
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Linda Brown |
elementary student who sparked the Brown v. Board of Education court case |
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Thurgood Marshall |
represented the Brown family before the Supreme Court |
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Rosa Parks |
arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white man |
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Nikita Khrushchev |
leader of the Soviet Union during the U-2 spy plane incident |
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Gary Powers |
U.S. pilot shot down over the Soviet Union while photographing military bases |
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Levittown |
name of the first planned community located in New York |
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Sidney Poitier |
the first African American actor to win the Best Actor award |
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An _________ person is someone who's forced to live away from his or her home country. |
exile |
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In ____________ small bands of fighters will make surprise attacks. |
guerrilla war |
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The U.S. _____________ Cuba until the Soviet Union removed their missiles from the island. |
quarantined |
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How did televised debates affect the presidential election of 1960? |
By how candidates looked and acted. |
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How did the 1960 election differ from earlier elections? |
Because of televised debates. |
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Why did the Soviet Union order the building of the Berlin Wall? |
Because they wanted people to stop escaping from Germany. |
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Where did the U.S. confront communism? |
Vietnam |
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What discovery set off the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962? |
Learning that the Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles. |
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What did Khrushchev and Kennedy agree to do to settle the Cuban Missile Crisis? |
To ban above ground and underwater testing of nuclear weapons. |
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Dean Rusk |
Secretary of State during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
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East Berlin |
capital of East Germany, site of the building of the Berlin Wall |
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Bay of Pigs |
site of a failed U.S. invasion which attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro |
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Richard Nixon |
Republican who lost the 1960 presidential election |
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John F. Kennedy |
Democrat who won the 1960 presidential election |
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Kennedy's plan for his administration was called the ____________. |
New Fronteir |
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The ___________ was designed to send volunteers to poor areas and improve living conditions. |
Peace Corps |
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How did the Supreme Court expand the rights of individuals? |
By saying that school officials can't force a person to pray, a person accused of serious crimes could have a lawyer, and that election districts must have almost equal populations so that each person's vote would have equal importance. |
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What was the effect of the Peace Corps? |
They helped improve countries' living conditions, fought the spread of communism, and helped the foreign relations of the U.S. |
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How did competition with the Soviet Union affect the U.S. space program? |
By giving them the desire to put a man on the moon. |
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What was President Kennedy's goal in funding the space program? |
To put an American on the moon. |
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Protests called _________ were a non-violent movement used by African Americans to fight segregation. |
sit-ins |
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________________ were used by African Americans to fight segregation on the bus systems. |
Freedom Rides |
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Martin Luther King, Jr. wanted to _________ all areas of a person's life. |
integrate |
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What are some methods that civil rights protesters used to battle segregation? |
Sit-ins and Freedom Rides. |
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What was the goal of sit-ins and Freedom Rides? |
To end segregation. |
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How did television affect civil rights protests in Birmingham and other cities? |
It showed that the police were cruel to blacks and it made Americans angry. |
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What event did the march on Washington celebrate? |
The 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. |
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How did Kennedy's assassination affect the country? |
By bringing the country to a standstill? |
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What did the Warren Commission determine? |
That Oswald acted alone in killing Kennedy. |
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John F. Kennedy |
his administration ushered in the "New Fronteir", was assassinated in November, 1963 |
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Yuri Gagaria |
a soviet cosmonaut, first man in space |
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John Glenn |
first American to be sent to space |
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Robert Kennedy |
attorney general during the Kennedy Administration, sent federal marshals to protect the Freedom Riders |
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James Meridith |
African American who successfully enrolled at the University of Mississippi |
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Martin Luther King, Jr. |
southern minister who helped to lead the protests and desegregation movement |
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Birmingham, Alabama |
ground zero for many protests and marches in favor of desegregation |
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Lyndon B. Johnson |
assumed the presidency after the assassination of Kennedy |
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Lee Harvey Oswald |
determined to be the lone assassin of Kennedy |
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Jack Ruby |
Dallas businessman who killed Oswald |
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Earl Warren |
the Chief Justice appointed to a commission to determine if Oswald acted alone or with others to assassinate the president |
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TRUE/FALSE: The 1956 presidential election was the first to televise the debates. |
false |