Unit 3 Study Guide

Front 1

Microscope?

Back 1

small objects appear larger

Front 2

2 types of microscope?

Back 2

light
electron

Front 3

light microscope?

Back 3

uses light to shine on or through a specimen to be observed

Front 4

2 types of light?

Back 4

ocular lens: (10x) --> 3000x
objective lens: (10x-300x)

Front 5

electron microscope?

Back 5

uses a stream of electrons that either bounce off the specimen or go through the specimen to produce an image on a receptor

Front 6

3 types of electron microscope?

Back 6

SEM- scanning electron microscope
TEM- transmitting electron microscope
STM- scanning tunneling microscope

Front 7

limited resolution?

Back 7

point where light microscope can no longer produce a clear picture [3000x]

Front 8

Max Magnification?

Back 8

3.8 million x

Front 9

Who discovered the cell? Who named it?

Back 9

Antoinne Van Leeunhoek
Robert Hooke

Front 10

Cell theory?

Back 10

1.) All living things are made up of cells
2.) The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
3.) All cells come from preexisting cells.

Front 11

Prokaryotic?

Back 11

cell that does not have membrane bound organelles

Front 12

Eukaryotic?

Back 12

cell that has membrane bound organelles

Front 13

autotroph?

Back 13

make their own food

Front 14

heterotrophs?

Back 14

cannot make their own food

Front 15

unicellular?

Back 15

organism made up of one cell

Front 16

multicellular?

Back 16

organism made up of more than one cell

Front 17

parasite?

Back 17

lives off of other living things

Front 18

saphraphite?

Back 18

feed off of dead stuff

Front 19

chemosynthetic?

Back 19

use chemicals from surroundings top make food

Front 20

photosynthetic?

Back 20

uses the sun to make food

Front 21

6 kingdoms of living things?

Back 21

Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protist
Fungi
Plant
Animal

Front 22

Archaebacteria?

Back 22

prokaryotic, unicellular, autotroph, live in harsh climates, 1st living organisms

Front 23

eubacteria?

Back 23

prokaryotic, unicellular, autotroph, live everywhere, most numerous of organisms

Front 24

protist?

Back 24

some prokaryotic/some eukaryotic, some unicellular/some multicellular, some autotrophs/some heterotrophs, live in or around water

Front 25

fungi?

Back 25

eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs; live in dark, warm, moist environments that have a source of food near

Front 26

plants?

Back 26

eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, lives everywhere except tundra, not mobile

Front 27

animals?

Back 27

eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, live everywhere

Front 28

nucleus?

Back 28

control center of the cell

Front 29

nucleolus?

Back 29

makes an organelle called ribosomes; aids in mitosis and meiosis

Front 30

nuclear envelope?

Back 30

protective covering for the nucleus, very particular about what enters and leaves nucleus

Front 31

plasma membrane?

Back 31

outer living portion of the cell; composed of phospholipid bilayer; primary function is to maintain homeostasis

Front 32

cell wall?

Back 32

nonliving, composed of a type of cellulose called chitin, it survives after the cell dies; gives us wood

Front 33

cytoplasm?

Back 33

fluid part of the cell

Front 34

ribosomes?

Back 34

small organelle whose primary job or function is to make the proteins that the cell needs

Front 35

golgi apparatus?

Back 35

packages the protein to be transported throughout the cell

Front 36

endoplasmic reticulum?

Back 36

transports the proteins throughout the cell

Front 37

chloroplast?

Back 37

organelles found in bacterial and plant cells; facilitates in the prices of photosynthesis

Front 38

mitochondria?

Back 38

powerhouse of the cell; organelle that facilitates in the breaking down of glucose in co2 and h2o

Front 39

lysosome?

Back 39

"clean up crew" of the cell

Front 40

Reasons Earth can support life?

Back 40

Earth is the only planet known to have h2o in all 3 states.
Earth is located in the "Goldilocks Zone" (87- 96 million miles).
The atmosphere is sufficiently thick enough to: regulate the temperature, protect us from space stuff.
The earth's atmosphere has enough molecular oxygen to support combustion.
The earth has enough elemental carbon to support cantenation.
Earth's atmosphere and surface are protected by electrical field lines produced due to magnetism.

Front 41

vacuole?

Back 41

storage tank for a cell; water, salt, and minerals; store stuff for later use and removal

Front 42

Major Differences between plant and animal cells?

Back 42

Plant cells have chloroplast and animal cells do not.
Plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells do not.
Plant cells typically have one large vacuous and animal cells have many small vacuoles.
Plant cells have less mitochondria than animal cells.
Plant cells can grow much larger than animals because the cell wall makes wood.