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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a status attained by effort
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achieved status
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a status determined at birth
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ascribed status
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the body of beliefs that are common to a community or society and that givepeople a sense of belonging
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collective consciousness
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subculture created as a reaction against the values of the dominant culture
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counterculture
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cultural resources that are socially designated as being worthy and that give advantages to groups possessing such capital
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cultural capital
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the transmission of cultural elements from one society or culture to another
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cultural diffuson
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the pervasive and excessive influence of one culture throughout society
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cultural hegemony
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the delat in cultural adjustments to changing social conditions
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culture lag
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the feeling of disorientation that can come when one encounters a new or repidly changed cultural situation
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culture shock
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an interaction between people through the medium of computer networks
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cyberspace interaction
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a systematic interrelation of different tasks that develops in complex societies
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division of labor
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the culture of the most powerful group in society
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dominant culture
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the belief that one's ingroup is superior to all out groups
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ethnocentrism
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a technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy
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ethnomethodology
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german for community, a state characterized by a sense of fellow feeling among the members of a society, including strong personal ties, sturdy primary group memberships, and a sense of personal loyalty to one another... rural life
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gemeinschaft
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german for society, a form of social organization characterized by a high division of labor, less prominence of personal ties, the lack of a sense of community among the members and the absence of a feeling of belonging.. urban life
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gesellschaft
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diffusion of a single culture throughout the world
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global culture
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a collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals and norms, and who have a subjective awareness of "we"
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group
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a process by which people control how others perceive them
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impression management
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analysis of large processes and sturctures, such as institutions
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macroanalysis
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channels of communication that are available to very wide segments of the population
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mass media
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some characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the person's identity
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master status
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analysis of processes and structures of social interaction, such as types of interactions or groups
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microanalysis
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modes of thinking that view society through the plural experiences of its diverse membership
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multiculturalism
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unity based on role diffrentiation, not similarity
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organic solidarity
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communication that is conveyed by voice pitch, loudness, rhythm, emphasis, frequency, and other such nonverbal elements
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paralinguistic communication
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the beliefs, practices, and objects that are part of everyday traditions
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popular culture
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society organized around the provision of services
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postindustrial society
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one that directly uses the land as a major means of survival
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preindustrail society
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meanign conveyed by the amount of space maintained between interacting individuals
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prozemic communication
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te idea that the mass media reflect the values of the general population
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reflection hypothesis
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the expected behavior associated with a given status in society
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role
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two or more roles associated with contradictory expectations
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role conflict
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a person weadmire and whose behavior we imitate
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role model
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all the roles occupied by a person at a given time
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role set
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confliction expectations within the same role
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role strain
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an esablished and organized system ofsocial behavior with a recognized purpose
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social institution
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behavior between two or more people that is given meaning
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social interaction
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the order established in social groups
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social organization
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the patterns of social relationships and social institutions that comprise society
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social structure
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a system of social interactions that includes both culture and social organization
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society
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an established position in a social structue that carries wit it a degree of prestige
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status
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exists when the different stauses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige
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status inconsistency
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the complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time
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status set
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the culture of groups whose values and norms of behavior are some what different from thos of the dominant culture
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subculture
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a culture that specific challenge to the dominant culture
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culture of resistance
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culture that which is shared by only a selecty few but highly valued
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elite culture
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builds on the insights of the symbolic interaction perspective
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cultural studies
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latin pharase meaning a thing in itself, of its own particular kind
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sui generis
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people who are lumped together based on one or more shared characteristics
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social categories
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highly structured social groupings that form to pursue a set of goals
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formal organizations
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norms for behavior that they carry with them into situations of interaction
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background expectancies
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analyzing interaction that assumes the participants are actors on a stage in the drama of everyday social life
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dramaturgy model
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to eliminate the conditions ccausing the embarrassment
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restore face
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a social interaction holds that our interactions are determined by the rewards and punishments that we receive from others
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social exchange model
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if the reqard for an interaction exceeds the punishment for it
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social profit
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when people get from an interaction at least as muc as they put into it
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equitable interaction
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a mathematical and economic theory that predicts human interaction
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game theory
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spoken and written language
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verbal communication
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conveyed by means such as touch, tone of voice, and gestures
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noverbal communication
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involves any conveyance of meaning through touch
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tactile communication
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involves gestures, facial expression, body position, and the like
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kinesic communication
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it represents our personal three dimensional space
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proxemic bubble
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the powerful desire human have to be with other human beings
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affiliation
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scoietises that technology enable the hunting of animals and gathering of vegetation
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foraging societies
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technology is based on the domestication of animals
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pastoral societies
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elaborate hond tools are cued to cultlivae the land
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horticultural societies
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one that uses machines and other advanced technologies to produce and distribute goods and services
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indutrial society
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