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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Every society is a system of |
Social control |
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Social control discourages... |
Deviance |
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Norms that have become specified or institutionalized are called.... |
Laws |
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Who coined the functions of Deviance |
Emile Durkheim |
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Functions of Deviance |
Affirm cultural norms and values Clarifies moral boundaries Brings people together Encourages social change |
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Argued that the extent and type of deviance people engage in depend on wether a society provides the means to achieve cultural goals. |
Merton's strain theory, Robert Merton |
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Means achieving cultural goals through approved means |
Conformity |
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Using unconventional means to achieve a culturally approved goal |
Innovation |
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Rejecting both cultural goals and conventional means so that a person in effect drops out |
Retreatism |
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Reject both cultural definition of success and the cultural means of achieving it |
Rebellion |
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Are human rights of every living human being no matter their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex, language, and color |
Human Rights |
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These are rights inherent to man and given to him by god as human being. |
Natural Rights |
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These are rights guranteed under the fundamental charter of the country |
Constitutional rights |
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These are rights provided by the lawmaking body of a country by law, such as the right to receive minimum wage and the right to preliminary investigation |
Statutory rights |
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These are rights specified under the bill of rights, such as freedom of speach, right to information. These rights are enjoyed by an individual by virtue of his citizenship in a state or community |
Civil Rights |
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These are rights to property, whether personal, real or intellectual. |
Economic rights |
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These are rights an individual enjoy as a consequence of being a member of a body politic |
Political rights |
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Qualities of a great leader 1 |
Intelligence Courage,Determination Dominance Self-Confidence Charisma High Sense Integrity Involvement Tact and Diplomacy Enthusiasm |
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Groups need leaders for two purpose |
To direct various tasks To provide support to group leaders |
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1. the leader need not occupy a vantage of position but he is accepted by the group. |
FUNCTIONAL LEADERSHIP |
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2. occupies a position of authority. |
STATUS LEADERSHIP |
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3. is production-oriented and gives emphasis to the needs and goals of the organization. |
TASK-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP |
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4. The leader stresses building and maintaining good personal relations between himself and his followers. He has more concern for the needs and feelings of the individuals in the organization. He is seen as HIGH IN RELATIONSHIP BUT LOW IN TASKS.
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RELATIONSHIP OR PERSON-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP |
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5. scores high both on TASKS AND RELATIONSHIPS. He sets a high standard of performance but takes interest in everyone. He is a team player |
TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP |
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6. the leader decides on the goals to be achieved and prescribes how this is to be achieved. He assumes that he is more experienced, more intelligent and better trained than any and all members of the group.
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AUTHORITARIAN LEADERSHIP |
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7. The leader engages in cooperative planning. He believes that the members of the group are as capable as he is in making decisions in relation with their particular training and experiences. |
DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP |
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8. The leader clings tenaciously to established practices and norms and perceives change with no little apprehension and distrust. |
TRADITION-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP |
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9. The leader conceives change as a component of development, making sure that whatever changes are adopted shall improve the delivery system of the organization, and consequently the organizational product. |
DEVELOPMENT-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP |
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Leadership style must consider.... |
1. Level of education 2. Cultural Characteristics of Followers 3. Standard of living in the group 4. Particular situations 5. Maturity of staff |
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It is a hiearchy of positions, with regard to economic production, influences the social rewards to those in the positions |
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION |
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A system in which people are divided into layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige |
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION |
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This refers to a movement of individuals, families or categories of people within or between layers or tiers in an open system of social stratification |
SOCIAL MOBILITY |
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Which refers to the over-all numbers of people who end up in a different layer of stratification from their parents |
ABSOLUTE SOCIAL MOBILITY |
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It is the differences in probability in attaining a certain outcome, regardless of an over-all structural change |
RELATIVE SOCIAL MOBILITY |
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How do you call a movement of people from one stratum to another or from one status to another |
SOCIAL MOBILITY |
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It refers to the movement of people from one social group to another situated on the same level |
HORIZONTAL MOBILITY |
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Refers to the changes in status occur from one generation to another |
INTERGENERATIONAL MOBILITY |
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The changes of status occur in one generation |
INTRAGENERATIONAL MOBILITY |
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It is the social standing or position that a member occupies in the social structure |
SOCIAL STATUS |
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Movement of people from one stratum to another or from one status to another |
VERTICAL MOBILITY |