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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
You must have a CDL to operate:
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A single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating GVWR
of more than 26,000 pounds. A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds if the gross combination weight rating is more than 26,000 pounds. A vehicle designed to transport more than 15 persons including the driver. Any size vehicle which requires hazardous materials placards. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Why should you inspect your vehicle? |
Safety is the most important reason you inspect your vehicle.
Safety for yourself and for other road users. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Why should you inspect your vehicle? |
A vehicle defect found during an inspection could save you
problems later. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Why should you inspect your vehicle? |
Federal and state laws require that drivers inspect their vehicles.
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Pre-trip Inspection |
A pre-trip inspection will help you find problems that could cause a crash or breakdown.
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
During a Trip. |
Use your senses to check for problems (look, listen,
smell, feel). |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
What critical items item should be when you stop: |
-Tires, wheels and rims.
-Brakes. -Lights and reflectors. -Brake and electrical connections to trailer. -Trailer coupling devices. -Cargo securement devices. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
After-trip Inspection |
Tire Problems/ Wheel and Rim Problems / Bad Brake Drums or Shoes / Steering System Defects / Suspension System Defects / Exhaust System Defects / Emergency Equipment.
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Emergency Equipment. |
Fire extinguisher(s).
Spare electrical fuses (unless equipped with circuit breakers). Warning devices for parked vehicles (for example, three reflective warning triangles). |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Seven-Step Inspection Method |
Notice general condition. Look
for damage or vehicle leaning to one side. Look under the vehicle for fresh oil, coolant, grease, or fuel leaks. Check the area around the vehicle for hazards to vehicle movement (people, other vehicles, objects, low hanging wires, limbs, etc.) |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Tire tread |
4/32 inch tread depth front tires. 2/32
inch on other tires. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Suspension System Defects |
Cracked or broken spring hangers.
Leaking shock absorbers |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
What should wheel bearing seals be checked for? |
Leaks
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
How do you test hydraulic brakes for leaks? |
If the vehicle has hydraulic
brakes, pump the brake pedal three times. Then apply firm pressure to the pedal and hold for five seconds. The pedal should not move. If it does, there may be a leak or other problem. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
How many red reflective triangles should you carry? |
3
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Test Parking Brake |
Fasten seat belt.
Allow vehicle to move forward slowly. Apply parking brake. If it doesn’t stop vehicle, it is faulty. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
Test Service Brake Stopping Action |
Go about five miles per hour.
Push brake pedal firmly. “Pulling” to one side or the other can mean brake trouble. Any unusual brake pedal “feel” or delayed stopping. action can mean trouble. |
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2.1 VEHICLE INSPECTION
During Vehicle Inspection Start Engine and.... |
Make sure parking brake is on.
Put gearshift in neutral (or “park,” if automatic). Start engine; listen for unusual noises. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
During Acceleration you should not roll |
Back when you start (Put on the parking brake whenever necessary)
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
Acceleration |
Partly engage the clutch before you take your right foot
off the brake.(Put on the parking brake whenever necessary) to keep from rolling back. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
On Acceleration trailer brake hand valve |
On a tractor-trailer equipped with a trailer brake hand valve, the hand valve can be applied to keep from rolling back.
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
Acceleration and coupling. |
When pulling a trailer, rough acceleration can damage the
coupling. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
Should you avoid backing |
Avoid backing whenever you
can. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
When Backing |
Look at your path.
Back slowly. Back and turn toward the driver’s side whenever possible. Use a helper whenever possible. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
Why should you back toward the driver’s side |
Back to the driver’s
side so you can see better. Backing toward the right side is very dangerous because you can’t see as well. If you back and turn toward the driver’s side, you can watch the rear of your vehicle by looking out the side window. Use driver- side backing even if it means going around the block to put your vehicle in this position. The added safety is worth it. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
When backing, why is it important to use a helper |
Use a helper when you can. There are blind
spots you can’t see. That’s why a helper is important. |
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
What’s the most important hand signal that you and the helper should agree on? |
STOP
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2.2 BASIC CONTROL
What is a pull-up |
When backing a trailer, make pull-ups to reposition
your vehicle as needed. |
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2.3 SHIFTING GEARS
What are the two special conditions where you should downshift? |
Before going down a steep hill and before going taround a curve.
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2.3 SHIFTING GEARS
Retarders keep you from skidding when the road is slippery. True or False? |
False
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2.3 SHIFTING GEARS
Automatic Transmissions Shifting |
You can select a low range to get greater engine braking when going down grades. The lower ranges prevent the transmission from shifting up beyond the selected gear unless the governor (rpm) is exceeded.
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2.3 SHIFTING GEARS
Retarders |
Retarders help slow a vehicle,
reducing the need for using your brakes. They reduce brake wear and give you another way to slow down. |
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2.4 SEEING
How Far Ahead should the driver look? |
12 to 15 seconds ahead...at lower speeds that about 1 block.
highway speeds it’s about a quarter of a mile |
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2.4 SEEING
What is a driver looking for when looking ahead... |
Look for Traffic / Look for Road Conditions
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2.4 SEEING
Tight Turns. |
Give drivers
behind you warning by braking early and slowing gradually |
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2.4 SEEING
Stopping on the Road |
Warn following drivers by flashing your brake lights. Don’t stop suddenly.
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2.4 SEEING
Driving Slowly |
If
you must drive slowly, alert following drivers by turning on your emergency flashers if it is legal. |
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2.4 SEEING
Communicating Your Presence |
Let them know you’re there to help prevent accidents
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2.4 SEEING
When Passing |
When it is legal, tap the
horn lightly or, at night, flash your lights from low to high beam and back |
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2.4 SEEING
When It’s Hard to See |
Turn on your lights. Use the headlights, not just
the identification or clearance lights. Use the low beams; high beams can bother people in the daytime as at night. |
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2.5 COMMUNICATING
When Parked at the Side of the Road |
Be sure to turn on the four-way emergency
flashers. If you must stop on a road or the shoulder of any road, you must put out your emergency warning devices within ten minutes. |
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2.5 COMMUNICATING
Where should the driver place warning devices when stopped on a two-lane road carrying traffic in both directions |
place warning
devices within ten feet of the front or rear corners to mark the location of the vehicle and 100 feet behind and ahead of the vehicle, on the shoulder or in the lane you stopped |
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2.5 COMMUNICATING
Where should the driver place warning devices when backed beyond any hill, curve, or other obstruction |
Within 500 feet.
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Where should the driver place warning devices if you must stop on or by a one-way or divided highway,
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Place warning devices 10 feet, 100 feet, and 200 feet
toward the approaching traffic. |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
There are three things that add up to total stopping distance |
Perception Distance
+ Reaction Distance + Braking Distance = Total Stopping Distance |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Perception Distance |
This is the distance your vehicle travels from the time your eyes see a hazard until
your brain recognizes it. |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
What is the perception distance? |
The perception time for an
alert driver is about 3\4 second |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
What is the Reaction Distance? |
The distance traveled from the
time your brain tells your foot to move from the accelerator until your foot is actually pushing the brake pedal |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Braking Distance |
The distance it takes to stop
once the brakes are put on. At 55 mph on dry pavement with good brakes it can take a heavy vehicle about 170 feet to stop. It takes about 41/2 seconds. |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Total Stopping Distance |
At 55 mph it will take
about six seconds to stop and your vehicle will travel about the distance of a football field. |
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Effect of Speed on Stopping Distance |
Whenever you double your speed, it takes about four times as much distance to stop
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Hydroplaning |
In some weather, water or slush collects on the road. When this happens, your vehicle can hydroplane.
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
When hydroplaning driver should use brakes. True or False |
False
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2.6 CONTROLLING SPEED
Empty trucks have the best braking. True or False? |
False
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