Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the 3 types of treatment approaches? |
psychodynamic therapies, cognitive-behaviour therapies and biological treatments. |
|
psychodynamic therapies (Freud) |
the mental symptoms reflect unconscious conflicts that induce anxiety. two principles: insight and therapeutic alliance. |
|
insight |
understanding of ones own psychological responses and unconscious conflicts (captain of own ship). |
|
therapeutic alliance |
the comfortable relationship between patient and therapist allowing them to express themselves. |
|
free association |
patient is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind in order to reveal unconscious processes of the patient. |
|
interpretation |
therapist interrupts thoughts, defences and feelings of patient and reveal hidden conflict and motivations. |
|
resistance |
addressed in interpretation, is the barriers to free association or to treatment in general. |
|
transference |
where people experience similar thoughts, feelings, fears and wishes in new relationships as they did in past ones. Freud refers to as transferring of feelings from childhood onto adult relationship. |
|
varieties of psychodynamic therapies |
psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychotherapy. |
|
psychoanalysis |
patient lies on couch with therapist sitting behind them, encourages free association. |
|
psychodynamic psychotherapy |
fac-to-face therapy and is more goal-directed. |
|
cognitive-behavioural therapies |
use methods derived from behaviourist and cognitive approaches to learning. more short term. |
|
behavioural analysis |
examining the stimuli or thoughts associated with it, which defines the targets of treatments. |
|
classical conditioning techniques |
are desensitisation and exposure |
|
systematic desensitisation |
the patient gradually confronts a phobic stimulus mentally while in a state that inhibits anxiety. |
|
exposure techniques |
patient is exposed to actual phobic stimuli in real life, rather than imagining it. |
|
flooding |
patient confronts phobic stimuli all at once, can be frightening. |
|
graded exposure |
the patient is gradually exposed to phobic stimulus. |
|
virtual reality exposure |
patients are exposed to virtual images of the feared stimulus. |
|
operant conditioning |
techniques use reinforcement and punishment to modify unwanted behaviours. |
|
participatory modelling |
therapist models the desired behaviour and gradually induces the patient to participate in it. |
|
skills training |
teaching the behaviours necessary to accomplish relevant goals. |
|
social skills training |
teaching new skills to people with specific interpersonal deficits such as social awkwardness. |
|
cognitive therapy |
focuses on changing dysfunctional cognitions presumed to underlie psychological disorders. |
|
Ellis' rational-emotive behavioural therapy |
proposes that patients can rid themselves of most psychological conditions by maximising their rational thinking and not irrational. |
|
Beck's cognitive therapy |
focuses on challenging (change) patients cognitive distortions. |
|
humanistic therapies |
help people get in touch with their feelings, with their 'true self' and with a sense of meaning in life. |
|
Gestalt therapy |
approach to treatment that emphasises awareness of feelings. made to get in touch with ones feelings so people weren't controlled by society. |
|
empty chair technique |
used by Gestalt therapists, they place empty chair in front of patient and ask them to imagine person they trust in it. |
|
client-centred therapy |
assumes that problems in living result when peoples concept of self is incongruent with their actual experience. |
|
unconditional positive regard |
expressing an attitude of fundamental acceptance towards client without any conditions. |
|
group therapy |
multiple people meet to work towards therapeutic goals. |
|
self-help group |
variation of group therapy which isn't guided by a professional. |
|
family therapy |
to change maladaptive family interaction patterns. |
|
genogram |
a map of family over three or four generations to pin point reoccurring patterns. |
|
martial or couple therapy |
focuses on relationship between members of a couple and can rely on psychodynamic, systemic, cognitive and behavioural principles. |
|
psychotropic medications |
act on brain to affect mental processes. |
|
antipsychotic medications |
highly sedating tranquillisers used for schizophrenia and other psychotic states. |
|
antidepressants |
increase the amount of norepinephrine, serotonin and can reduce depression/anxiety. also include MAO inhibitors and SSRIs. |
|
tricyclic antidepressants |
block re-uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine into presynaptic membrane. |
|
lithium |
for bipolar, acts slowly and has high relapse statistics. |
|
benzodiazepines |
an anti-anxiety medication, useful for short term (e.g.. Xanax or Valium). |
|
Electro-compulsive therapy (ECT) |
electroshock mostly treatment for major depression (also schizophrenia, bipolar and catatonia). |
|
psychosurgery |
brain surgery to reduce psychological symptoms, used for anxiety disorders like obsessive-compulsive disorder. |