The Brain Chapter Summary Review

Front 1

Provides for voluntary movements, interpretation and integration of sensation, consciousness, and cognitive function

Back 1

Brain

Front 2

cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon

Back 2

prosencephalon

Front 3

midbrain

Back 3

mesencephalon

Front 4

pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum

Back 4

rhombencephalon

Front 5

the diencephalon and superior brain stem are enveloped by the cerebral hemispheres

Back 5

cephalization

Front 6

in the cerebral hemispheres

Back 6

lateral ventricles

Front 7

in the diencephalon

Back 7

third ventricle

Front 8

between the brain stem and the cerebellum and connects with the central canal of the spinal cord

Back 8

fourth ventricle

Front 9

partially separates the hemispheres

Back 9

logitudinal fissure

Front 10

consists of the cerebral cortex, the cerebral white matter, and basal nuclei (ganglia)

Back 10

cerebral hemisphere

Front 11

receives sensory impulses from the opposite side of the body (and dispatches motor impulses to the opposite side of the body)

Back 11

cerebral hemisphere

Front 12

subcortical nuclei that help control movements

Back 12

basal nuclei

Front 13

include the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

Back 13

diencephalon

Front 14

important control center of the ANS

Back 14

hypothalamus

Front 15

maintains water balance and regulates thirst, eating behavior, gastrointestinal activity, body temperature, and the activity of the anterior pituitary gland

Back 15

hypothalamus

Front 16

includes the pineal gland

Back 16

epithalamus

Front 17

secretes the hormone melatonin

Back 17

pineal gland

Front 18

includes the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Back 18

brain stem

Front 19

surrounds the cerebral aqueduct

Back 19

midbrain

Front 20

contains the corpora quadrigemina, the red nucleus, and the substantia nigra

Back 20

midbrain

Front 21

visual and auditory reflex centers

Back 21

corpora quadrigemina

Front 22

subcortical motor centers

Back 22

red nucleus

Front 23

form the ventral face of the medulla oblongata

Back 23

pyramids

Front 24

cough, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting centers

Back 24

in medulla

Front 25

the emotional-visceral brain

Back 25

limbic system

Front 26

plays a role in memory

Back 26

limbic system

Front 27

diffuse network of neurons and nuclei spanning the length of the brain stem

Back 27

reticular formation

Front 28

patterns of electrical activity of the brain

Back 28

brain waves

Front 29

record of electrical activity of the brain

Back 29

electroencephalogram (EEG)

Front 30

alpha, beta, theta, and delta waves

Back 30

brain wave patterns

Front 31

a state of partial consciousness from which a person can be aroused by stimulation

Back 31

Sleep

Front 32

involuntary lapses into REM sleep that occur without warning during waking periods

Back 32

Narcolepsy

Front 33

abnormal electrical activity of brain neurons

Back 33

epilepsy

Front 34

a continuum from alertness to drowsiness to stupor and finally to coma

Back 34

consciousness

Front 35

temporary loss of consciousness that is reflected by inadequate blood delivery to the brain

Back 35

fainting (syncope)

Front 36

loss of consciousness in which the victim is unresponsive to stimuli

Back 36

coma

Front 37

chronic inability to obtain the amount of quality of sleep needed to function adequately

Back 37

insomnia

Front 38

the storage and retrieval of information

Back 38

memory

Front 39

ability to learn and consciously remember information

Back 39

declrative memory

Front 40

learning of motor skills which are performed without conscious though

Back 40

procedural memory

Front 41

the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Back 41

meninges

Front 42

enclose the brain and spinal cord and their blood vessels

Back 42

meninges

Front 43

formed by the choroid plexuses

Back 43

cerebrospinal fluid (CFS)

Front 44

Supports and cushion the brain and the cord and helps nourish them

Back 44

CFS

Front 45

blocks water-soluble, harmful substances

Back 45

Blood brain barrier

Front 46

allows water, respiratory gasses, essential nutrients, and fat-soluble molecules to enter the neural tissue

Back 46

blood brain barrier

Front 47

when blood circulation to brain neurons are impaired and brain tissue dies

Back 47

stroke (cerebrovascular accident)

Front 48

degenerative brain disease; slow, progressive loss of memory and motor control and increasing dementia

Back 48

Alzheimers disease

Front 49

neurodegenerative disorders of basal nuclei; cause abnormal movements

Back 49

parkinsons and huntingtons disease