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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did we PREVIOUSLY catergorize bacteria?
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By how they looked and moved
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What changed in the way we classify bacteria?
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Genetics and technological advances
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Has ALL bacteria been re-classified?
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No
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What is the biologists "bible"
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Bergy's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (BMSB)
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What exactly is BMSB?
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The accepted system of bacterial taxonomy
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Is BMSB official?
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No, in fact it is still considered controversial
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When was the first edition of BMSB printed?
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1984
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What edition is BMSB currently in ?
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9th edition
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What was the MAJOR change in the 2nd edition of BMSB?
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It went phylogenetic (evolutionary relatedness) rather than phenetic (observable and similar traits)
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What are some molecular characteristics in which we use to classify?
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1. Nucleic acid composition, and sequencing
2. Genomic fingerprinting 3. Amino acid sequencing |
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When referring to nucleic acid composition, what is most important?
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The G and C content (for example, does the cell have a high OR low G and C content?)
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What are the two highest ranking domains we are being tested on?
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Bacteria and Archaea
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Within the hightest domain, what do we need to focus on for this test?
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Genus and species ONLY!
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What is a genus?
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Well-defined group of one or more strains
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What is a species?
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1. Collection of strains that share many properties and differ greatly from other strains
2. Share same sequences within their "core" genes |
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What are the three types of strains we should know?
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1. Biovars - differ biochemically and physiologically
2. Morphovars 3. Serovars - differ in antigenic properties |
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What is a "type" strain?
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Usually fully characterized
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How can we identify a type strain?
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Through bacteriophage (for example, some viruses will attack a specific strain ONLY)
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What is the ATCC?
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American Type Culture Collection - a non-profit center since 1914 whom keeps a library of specimens from all known types
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