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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and of changes that occur in matter?
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Chemistry
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What is anything that has mass and occupies space?
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Matter
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What are the smallest distinctive unit in a sample of matter?
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Atoms
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What are larger units in which two or more atoms are joined together?
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Molecules
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What refers to the types of atoms and the relative proportions of the different atoms in a sample of matter?
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Composition
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What is a characteristic displayed by a sample of matter without undergoing any change in its composition? (Ex. Odor)
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Physical property
(Qualitative and Quantitative) |
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What is a characteristic displayed by a sample of matter as it undergoes a change in composition? (Ex. Flammability)
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Chemical property
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A sample of matter usually undergoes a noticeable change at the macroscopic level but no change in composition
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Physical Change
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A sample of matter undergoes a change in composition and/or a change in the structure of its molecules
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Chemical Change
Chemical Reaction |
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What is a tpye of matter that has a definite, or fixe, composition that does not vary from one sampe of the substance to another?`
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Substance
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What is a substance that cannot be broken down into other simpler substances by chemical reactions?
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Element
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What is a substance made up of atoms of two or more elements, with the different kinds of atoms combined in fixed proportions?
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Compound
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What is a one- or two-lettered designation dreived from the name of an element?
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Chemical symbol
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What has no fixed composition; its composition may vary over a broad range?
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Mixture
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What is a mixture that has the same composition and properties throughout?
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Homogeneous mixture
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What varies in composition and/or properties from one part of the mixture to another, as in a glass of ice water?
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Heterogeneous mixture
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What is a tentative explanation or prediction concerning some phenomenon?
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Hypothesis
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What is testing a hypothesis through a carefully controlled procedure?
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Experiment
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What are the facts obtained through careful observation and measurements made during experiments?
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Data
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Scientists try to identifiy patterns in large collections of data. They summarize these patters in brief statements called _________ ________.
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Scientific Laws
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What provides explanations of observed natural phenomena and predictions that can be tested by further experiments?
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Theory
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What is the SI base unit of length?
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meter (m)
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What is the same volume as 1 cubic decimeter or 1000 cubic centimeters?
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liter (L)
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What is the quantity of matter in an objects?
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Mass
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What is the force of Earth's gravity on the object?
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Weight
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What is the SI base quantity of mass?
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kilogram (kg)
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What is the SI base unit of temperature?
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kelvin (K)
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K= C + 273.15
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C= 5/9(F - 32)
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F= 9/5(C) + 32
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Density = Mass/Volume
g/mL |
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What refers to how clesly individual measurements agree with one another?
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Precision
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What is how close the average of the set comes to the true, or most probably, value?
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Accuracy
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All digits known with certainty plus the first uncertain one are called significant digits, or _________ _________. We use _________ _________ to reflect the precision of a measurement--the more significant figures, the more precise the measurement.
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Significant figures
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What is a ratio of terms--equivalent to the number 1--used to change the unit in which we express a quantity?
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Conversion factor
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What is the mass per unit volume of a substance?
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Density (d)
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