Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are genetic maps? What units are used on genetic maps?
|
Diagrams that show RELATIVE location of genes on a chromosome. Centimorgans (0.01% recombination).
|
|
What are physical maps? What units are used on physical maps?
|
Diagrams that show relative location of landmarks within specific DNA sequences. Base-pairs (1000 bp=1 kb).
|
|
What are used to create larger genome maps? What's a contig?
|
Sequence-Tagged Sites (STSs). A continuous segment of a genome.
|
|
What are the vectors used when a large piece of DNA is to be cloned?
|
Artificial Chromosomes. (Bacterial or Yeast)
|
|
What is shotgun sequencing? What is a consensus sequence?
|
Sequencing all of the cloned fragments and then using a computer to put them together. A consensus sequence is an additional copy that the computer uses to develop a more accurate sequence.
|
|
Is the number of genes what determines how complex an organism is?
|
No. (Rice has more genes than humans)
|
|
What is bioinformatics?
|
The use of computer programs to search for, compare, and assemble genes.
|
|
What is an open reading frame (ORF)? What is an expressed sequence tag (EST)?
|
A section of DNA that codes for protein. A sequence tagged site used to identify genes in a genomic sequence.
|
|
What are the four classes of protein encoding genes?
|
Single-copy genes (Single copy on a chromosome), Segmental Duplications (Blocks copied between chromosomes), Multigene Families (Clusters of related genes), Tandem Clusters (Identical copies all transcribed simultaneously).
|
|
What are the six classes of noncoding genes?
|
Noncoding DNA within genes (introns), structural, simple sequence repeats, segment duplications, pseudogenes (inactive, possibly due to mutation), transposable elements (jump between locations on chromosomes)
|
|
What are the different types of transposable elements?
|
Long and short interspersed elements (LINES and SINES).
|
|
What is linkage disequilibrium?
|
The tendency for genes not to be randomized. It is used as a tool in mapping genes.
|
|
What is synteny?
|
Conserved arrangements of DNA segments in related genomes.
|
|
What is functional genomics?
|
The study of the function of genes and their products.
|
|
What are DNA Microarrays?
|
An assortment of DNA fragments on a microscope slide. It allows the screening of a large number of genes extremely quickly.
|
|
What is protoeomics?
|
The cataloguing and analyzing of every protein in the human body.
|
|
How is all of the RNA present in a cell at a specific time studied?
|
Transcriptome is used.
|
|
How has genomics helped humankind?
|
Improved medical diagnostics, improved agriculture, and biological weapons.
|
|
What are single nucleotide polymorphisms?
|
Sites where individuals differ by only a single nucleotide.
|
|
Who made these flashcards?
|
Robert Fromm
|