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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the main difference of connective tissue from epithelial tissue?
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Characterized by few cells scattered among large amounts of matrix.
The matrix predominates. |
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What are the locations of the connective tissue?
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Most widely distributed tissue of the body.
Examples include abundant loose connective tissue {areolar and adipose} located in and around other tissues, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, and blood. |
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It’s the nonliving extracellular material.
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Matrix
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2 parts of matrix
Hint: GS & CF |
1.Ground substance
2.Connective fibers |
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Homogenous substance consisting mainly of a complex mixture of proteins.
It OCCUPIES THE AREA around the cells and fibers. It’s of cellular origin - that is it is produced by the cells of the connective tissue. |
Ground substance
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Proteinaceous THREADS embedded in the ground substance.
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Connective fibers
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3 types of connective tissue fibers:
Hint: CER |
1.Collagen fibers {White fibers}
2.Elastic fibers {Yellow fibers} 3.Reticular fibers |
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Most abundant of the fibers.
Composed of protein molecules called collagen. These molecules are assembled into cross-linked fibrils. These fibrils are bundled into the thick collagen fibers. These fibers are very tough and have great tensile strength, but are not elastic. They function to provide a structural framework and to provide strength to the tissue. |
Collagen fibers {White fibers}
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Composed of protein molecules called elastin.
These molecules form long thin fibers that form branching networks in the matrix. These fibers are very elastic. They function in allowing tissues to stretch and recoil. |
Elastic fibers {Yellow fibers}
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They are immature collagenous fibers so composed of collagen molecules.
These molecules form short fine fibers which branch to form delicate networks in the matrix. They are abundant in connective tissues that abut other tissue types, for example in the basement membrane of epithelial and around capillaries. |
Reticular fibers
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What are the (8) types of connective tissue cells?
Hint: 3MFABCO |
1. Mesenchymal cells
2. Fibroblast 3. Adipose or fat cells 4. Macrophages 5. Mast cells 6. Chondrocytes 7. Osteocytes 8. Blood cells |
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primitive or embryonic cells that give rise to all the other connective tissue cells.
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Mesenchymal cells
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flat, branching cells and are the main cells in connective tissue proper.
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Fibroblasts
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develop from fibroblasts - store large quantities of FATS in their cytoplasm - among the largest cells in the body.
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Adipose or fat cells
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PHAGocytic cells of connective tissues
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Macrophages
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usually CLUSTERS around blood vessels - initiate local inflammatory responses by releasing heparin and histamines.
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Mast cells
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Main connective tissue cells of CARTILAGE.
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Chondrocytes
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Main connective tissue cells of BONE
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Osteocytes
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connective cells of BLOOD
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Blood cells
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Each major type of connective tissue has ___________ or _________ cell type.
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structural or fundamental
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Each cell type exists in an _________ and ________ form.
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immature and mature
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The ________ cells are indicated by the suffix BLAST and they are actively mitotic and produce and secrete the ground substance and fibers of the matrix.
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immature
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The ________ cells are indicated by the suffix CYTE, and they are less active but maintain the health of the tissue.
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mature
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The ________ cells GIVE RISE to the BLAST CELLS and blasts cells give rise to the cyte cells.
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mesenchymal
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The Connective tissue proper is the structural cell for which type of connective cell?
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Fibroblasts
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The Chondroblast which mature into CHRONDROCYTES is the structural cell for which type of connective cell?
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Cartilage
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The osteoblasts which mature into OSTEOCYTES is the structural cell for which type of connective cell?
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Bone
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The HEMATOPOIETIC stem cells which mature into the blood cellsis the structural cell for which type of connective cell?
Connective tissues can have other cells in addition to these structural cell types. |
Blood
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Connective tissues are classified on the basis of 3 characteristics of the matrix:
Name them. |
1. The types of fibers
2. Type of ground substance 3. Structural arrangement of fibers and ground substance. |
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there are 4 types {classes} of connective tissue:
Name them. Hint: CCBB |
1. Connective tissue proper
2. Cartilage 3. Bone 4. Blood |
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It’s matrix is characterized by being flexible, by having a viscous (“watery”) ground substance, and by having abundant fibers.
It’s structural cell type is fibroblasts. |
Connective tissue proper
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Connective tissues proper is divided into 2 subclasses:
Name them. Hint: D&L |
Loose connective tissue and Dense connective tissue
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Characterized by having a LOOSE arrangement of fibers.
It include areolar tissue, adipose tissue, and reticular tissue. |
Loose connective tissue
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Characterized by having a DENSE arrangement of fibers.
It includes regular dense connective tissue, irregular dense connective tissue, and elastic connective tissue. |
Dense connective tissue
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It’s matrix has abundant collagenous fibers with some cartilage having elastic fibers.
The ground substance is semisolid and flexible and contains chrondrotin sulfate bound to proteins{GAG’s] and hyaluronic acid. Also contains large amounts of water{ 80%}. |
Cartilage
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It’s structural cell type are chondroblasts which mature into chondrocytes.
The chondrocytes are located in cavities in the matrix called lacunae. |
Cartilage
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Cartilage is covered by a dense connective membrane called the __________.
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Perichondrium
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Cartilage is ___________ so the blood in the blood vessels of the perichondrium nourish the cartilage tissue.
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avascular
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Cartilage is ________ but _______ providing a resilient rigidity to the structures it supports.
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tough but flexible
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According to characteristics of the matrix there are 3 types of cartilage:
Name them. Hint: HEF |
hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.
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It’s matrix contains abundant collagenous fibers and ground substance containing proteins and inorganic calcium salts.
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Bone
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It’s structural cell type are octeoblasts which mature into osteocytes.
The osteocytes are located in cavities in the matrix called lacunae. |
Bone
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Bone tissue is ______ and _______ so has outstanding ability to support.
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hard and rigid
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According to characteristics of the matrix there are 2 types of bone tissue:
Name them. |
compact and spongy
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It’s matrix is characterized by being viscuous{”watery”} and has no fibers.
It’s structural cell type are the blood cells. Blood is a fluid connective tissue. |
Blood
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