Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Descriptive Statistics
|
Mathematical procedures for summarizing and describing the charecteristics in a set of data.
|
|
Inferential Statistics
|
Mathematical procedures for drawing interferences about charecteristics of a population, based on what is observed in a sample from that population.
|
|
Population
|
All of the cases in which a researcher is interested; a (usually very large) group of people, animals, objects, or responses that are alike in at least one respect.
|
|
Sample
|
Any subgroup of cases drawn from a clearly specified population.
|
|
Statistic
|
A numeric quantity that summarizes some charectertistic of a sample.
|
|
Summation Sign
|
A mathematical symbol that represents the sum of a set of numbers.
|
|
Parameter
|
A numerical quality that summarizes some charecteristic of a population.
|
|
Why Study Statistics?
|
Because at a 1939 conference in Boulder, CO, the word psychologist was defined as someone who was a scientist and a practioner.
|
|
What are three important reasons why a knowledge of statistics is essential for anyone majoring in psychology, sociology or education?
|
1. To understand professional literature.
2. To understand the rationale underlying research in the behavioral sciences. 3. To carry out behavioral science research. |
|
What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?
|
Descriptive statistics are used to summarize something, such as grades using GPA. Inferential statistics area little more broad, such as making generalizations for a group or estimating the probability of an outcome.
|
|
Why must behavioral science researchers use inferential statistics?
|
Because they want to know what is happening in a population, but they cannot measure the whole population, so they use inferential statistics to make generalizations for a sample of the entire population.
|
|
What is the difference between a population and a sample?
|
A population is a large group of people, animals, or objects with at least one similar trait, however, when researching if a population is too large to work with, a random sample may be used that is smaller, but proportionate to the population.
|
|
Why is it important to specify clearly the population from which a sample is drawn?
|
Because you need to make sure that the sample accurately represents the entire population.
|
|
What is the difference between a parameter and a statisic?
|
A parameter summarizes a charecteristic of a population and a statistic summarizes a charecteristic of a sample.
|
|
Why is summation notation used by statistaticians?
|
To represent the sum of a set of numbers, basically as a short hand.
|
|
What are the eight rules of summation notation? (Look at card.)
|
okay
|