Soils Chapter 1

Front 1

6 elements for a medium of plant growth?

Back 1

1) Physical support
2) Air
3) Water
4) Temperature moderation
5) Protection from toxins
6) Nutrient elements

Front 2

Elements used by plants

Back 2

1. Boron
2. Calcium
3. Carbon
4. Chlorine
5. Cobalt
6. Copper
7. Hydrogen
8. Iron
9. Magnesium
10. Manganese
11. Molybdenum
12. Nickel
13. Nitrogen
14. Oxygen
15. Phosphorus
16. Potassium
17. Sulfur
18. Zinc

Front 3

Pnumonic device for remembering 18 essential elements

Back 3

C.B. HOPKiNS CaFe Co.
Closed Monday Morning and Night
C u Zoon Mgiver

Front 4

Elements aquired from air

Back 4

Carbon from CO2
Hydrogen from H2O
Oxygen from O2 and H2O

Front 5

Elements mostly from solid soils

Back 5

Ca2 +
K+
Mg2 +
N from NO3-, NH4+
P from H2PO4-, HPO4 2-
S from SO4 2-

Front 6

5 essential functions of soil

Back 6

1) Medium for plant growth
2) Regulator of water supplies
3) Recycler of raw materials
4) Habitat for soil organisms
5) Engineering medium

Front 7

Elements from solid soils
(Micronutrients)

Back 7

B from HBO3
Cl –
Co 2+
Cu 2+
Fe 2+
Mn 2+
Mo from MoO4 2-
Ni 2+
Zn 2+

Front 8

soil sphere

Back 8

pedosphere

Front 9

rock sphere

Back 9

lithosphere

Front 10

water sphere

Back 10

hydrosphere

Front 11

phytotoxic substances

Back 11

chemicals that are toxic to plants

Front 12

macronutrients

Back 12

Used in relatively large amounts - greater than .1% of dry plant tissue

Front 13

regolith

Back 13

the unconsolidated mantle of weathered rocks and soil material on the earth's surface (O through C horizons)

Front 14

saprolite

Back 14

disintegrated rock (loose enough to be dug with a spade) which remains in its original place

Front 15

solum

Back 15

the A and B horizons

Front 16

adsorption

Back 16

the attraction of ions to the surface of particles

Front 17

exchangeable ions

Back 17

ions which are released from colloidal substances