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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Attitudes definition |
evaluating the social world |
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Attitude Functions |
-Help make good impressions. -Organize and interpret social info. -Allow expression of central beliefs. -Help maintain self-esteem and protect ego from unwanted information. -Explicit attitude and implicit attitudes |
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Why study attitudes? |
-Strongly influence our social thought -Often havee a strong affect on behavior -They are often ambivalent. -To determine why they are so resistant to change. |
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Social Learning Definition |
-Acquired attitudes from others. |
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Types of Social Learning |
-Classical conditioning -Operant conditioning -Observational learning |
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Classical Conditioning |
learning through association |
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Operant Conditioning |
-Instrumental conditioning -learning to hold the "right" views -Pavel's Experiment |
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Observational learning |
learning through observation -Bobo the clown experiment |
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Social Comparison definition |
comparing ourselves to others -attitudes are shaped by social info from others we like or respect |
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Genetic Factors |
Inherited general diposition |
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Moderators definition |
influence extent attitudes affect behavior |
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Types of Moderators |
-Aspect of the Situation -Aspect of Attitude (The Orgin, Strength and Speficity) |
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How do Attitudes Influence Behavior? |
Theory of Planned Behavior (rational) -Attitude-to-behavior process model (impulsive) -Prototype/willingness model |
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Theory of Planned Behavior |
Behavioral intention are a function of attitudes toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. |
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Attitude-to-Behavior Process Model |
Attitudes spontaneously shape our perception of the situation |
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Prototype/ willingness Model |
Willingness to perform actions strongly predict actually engaging in these behaviors. |
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Persuasion Defintion |
The process of changing Attitudes |
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Early Research on Persuasion Focused on |
Source -Message -Audience |
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Early Research on Persuasion Found : |
-Experts, attractive sources and a soft sell are more persuasive. |
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Modern Approaches to Persuasion |
-systematic processing -Heuristic processing |
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Systematic Processing |
Persuasion caused by thoughtful processing of content of message. -Audience is highly motivated or have high ability to process info. |
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Heuristic Processing |
Persuasion caused by superficial cues or mental shortcuts -Audience is not motivated or lack ability to process info. |
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Types of Resistance to Persuasion Factors: |
Reactance- protecting one's personal freedom -Forwarning- Prior knowledge of persuasion. -Selective avoidance- Screen out Contradictory views -Generate counterarguments- counter other views (inoculation) -Biased assimilation- perceive informatino that disconfirms our view as less reliable. -attitude polarization- interpret mixed evidence in ways that strengthen existing views. |
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Cognitive Dissonance Definition |
Unpleasan state resulting from inconsistency between attitudes and behavior. |
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Ways to reduce Dissonance |
Change Attitude to be consistent with behavior. -acquire supporting info. -Trivialize the behaviors in question. -Self Affirmation- restores positive self evaluations. |
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Forced Compliance Studies Definition |
Subjects induced to do things inconsisitent with their true attitudes. |
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Less-leads- to - more -effect |
insufficient justification increases dissonance |
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Hypocrisy |
Discrepancy between public views and attitudes displaying inconsistent actions |