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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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For a small dog, large dog, and cats what are the lowest heart rate values you can hear during anesthesia before notifying the surgeon of emergency |
Large dog = 50bpm Small dog = 70bpm Cats = 100bpm |
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Drugs used to maintain and raise dangerously low heart rates |
Atropine Glycopyrrolate |
Anticholinergic |
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Dissociative agents used to elevate heart rate |
Ketamine Tiletamine |
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Notify surgeon if a large dog small dog or a cats heart rate exceeds |
Large dog = 180bpm Small dog= 200bpm Cats= 220bpm |
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Arrhythmia what is it and what does it lead to? |
insufficient pumping the blood through the body Causes: poor tissue perfusion, acidosis, poor oxygen delivery to the tissue, and buildup of waste products |
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What is a "skipped" beat |
One listens to the heartbeat with a stethoscope but is unable to palpate that individual beat simultaneously as peripheral pulse. Result of single premature depolarization of the heart muscle. |
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What results from poor tissue perfusion |
Waste products from cellular metabolism are not removed and nutrients such as oxygen and glucose are not delivered to the cells |
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Anesthesia stage 1 |
Normal respirations (20-30bpm) Heart rate unchanged Eye position is central may be nystagmus Pupil size and response to light are normal Muscle tone good All reflexes present |
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Stage 2 anesthesia plane |
"excitement stage" Respirations are irregular, may hole breath or hyperventilate Increased heart rate Eye position is central may be nystagmus Pupils may be dilated but light responsive Muscle tone is good All reflexes present may be exaggerated |
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Stage 3 plane 1 |
Regular RR (12-20bpm) Pulse is strong HR less than 90bpm May respond to surgery with movement Depth is light Eye position is central or rotated. May be nystagmus Pupils respond to light Muscle tone good Reflexes are present but diminished poor swallowing reflex. |
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Stage 3 plane 2 |
Regular shallow RR rates (12-20bpm) Heart Rate less than 90bpm Heart and RR may increase as a response to surgery Depth is moderate Eye position often rotated ventrally Pupil size slightly dilated response to light is very sluggish or absent Muscle tone is greatly reduced All reflexes diminished or absent diminished or absent |
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Stage 3 plane 3 |
Shallow rate HR 60-90 BPM CRT increased pulse less strong No response to surgery Depth is deep Eye position is usually Central may rotate ventrally eyes are moderately dilated response to light is very sluggish or absent Muscle tone greatly reduced All reflexes diminished |
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Stage 3 plane 4 |
Respirations are jerky Heart rate is less than 60bpm prolonged CRT pale mucous membranes Depth is overdose Eyes are central widely dilated and unresponsive to light Muscle tone is flaccid No active reflex |
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