Seed Plant Diversity

Front 1

what major changes did the development of seeds do for plants?

Back 1

- increased ability to disperse
- ability to store energy and nutrients for young sporophyte
- did not have to grow out of parent gametophytes
- higher evolutionary fitness, as it takes less time to produce

Front 2

is the gametophyte generation contained in the sporophyte generation or vice versa?

Back 2

the gameotophye is contained within the sporophyte generation

Front 3

what is an ovule?

Back 3

protects the developing zygote in non-flowering seed plants by using its tissue to surround the zygote

Front 4

what is a seed?

Back 4

the resulting protected zygote that forms from the ovule encasing

Front 5

what are pollen grains?

Back 5

desiccation-resistant microgametophytes

Front 6

what does dioecious mean?
an example is..

Back 6

that each tree is either male or female
an example is... ginkgos (ginkgophyta)

Front 7

what are magnoliophyta?

Back 7

angiosperms

Front 8

magnoliophyta are broken up into two distinct lineages....

Back 8

1. monocots
2. dicots

Front 9

three lineages of angiosperms..

Back 9

1. magnoliids
2. monocots
3. eudicots

Front 10

what are composite flowers?

Back 10

inflorescences composed of many indidual flowers that look like a single flower from a distance.

Front 11

of the following... are they part of the gametophyte or sporophyte generations?
- pollen, ovary, egg, embryo

Back 11

- pollen: gametophyte
- ovary: sporophyte
- egg: gametophyte
- embryo: sporophyte

Front 12

fruits are composed of what parts of a flower?

Back 12

angiosperm ovary (ovary and ovules)

Front 13

what is a seed composed of?

Back 13

an embryo and a food supply that can be dispersed
- endosperm, embryp & seed coat

Front 14

germinate

Back 14

the embryo grows both its root and stem out into the environment; only does this when proper environmental signals allow (light, moisture, temp., etc.)

Front 15

monoclinous (perfect)

Back 15

having both male and female reproductive parts in one flower

Front 16

diclinous (imperfect)

Back 16

have either functioning male or functioning female reproductive parts in one flower but not both

Front 17

dioecious

Back 17

individual parts are either male or female but not both (depends on the species)

Front 18

monoecious

Back 18

individual plants can produce both male and female reproductive parts (dependent on the species)

Front 19

anthers

Back 19

male parts that contain microsporangia which produce haploid microspores that grow into haploid three-celled microgametophytes (pollen grains)

Front 20

pollen grains

Back 20

haploid three-celled microgametophytes that grow from microspores

Front 21

microsporangia

Back 21

found in the anthers and produce haploid microspores

Front 22

microspores

Back 22

produced from microsporangia, they are haploid and grow into three celled microgametophores (pollen grains)

Front 23

ovaries

Back 23

contain one or more ovules (megasporangia surround by integument)

Front 24

ovules (megasporangia)

Back 24

produced a haploid megaspore that develops into a megagametophyte

Front 25

megagametophyte

Back 25

called the embryo sac when mature, undergoes 3 mitotic divisions

Front 26

polar cell

Back 26

diploid and two nuclei (polar nuclei)

Front 27

stigma

Back 27

pollen lands on this stigma and then grows into a pollen tube

Front 28

pollen tube

Back 28

formed from pollen leads to the style of a flower and into an ovule in the ovary

Front 29

style of a flower

Back 29

leads down to the ovary, the passage that pollen takes to get to ovule

Front 30

sperm

Back 30

two haploid sperm are released when the pollen reaches the ovule

Front 31

when sperm fuses with the egg, what is formed?

Back 31

a diploid zygote