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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A small body which orbits the sun between Mars and Jupiter.
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Asteroid
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A bright heavenly body made up mostly of a group of particles of rock, metals, and frozen water.
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Comet
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The distance light travels in one year.
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Light-year
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Stony or stony-iron particles that enter the earth's atmosphere with enormous speed and are called shooting stars.
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Meteor
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The sun is a ________ star.
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Medium-sized star
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The sun contains about ____ percent of the mass of the solar system.
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99
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The sun contains mainly of these two gases.
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Hydrogen and Helium
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Energy is produced in the sun through the process of _________.
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Nuclear fusion
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The surface temperature of the sun is normally about _______.
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10,000 degrees F.
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The various kinds of activity on the surface of the sun are called solar activity.
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True
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Sunspots appear on the sun's surface because the surface temperature in these areas is _______.
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Cooler
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Spectacular eruptions of hot gases from the sun's surface are called_________.
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Prominences
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Solar flares on the sun produce x-rays, radio waves, and clouds of atomic particles.
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True
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Atomic particles from the sun in the earth's atmosphere can produced the northern and southern lights.
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True
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Planets are objects that orbit the sun and are not moons (or satellites) of another object.
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True
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Pluto is always the most distant heavenly body from the sun.
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False
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Mercury and Venus do not have moons, but the rest does.
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True
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The four planets are called ______ planets.
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Terrestrial
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All of the giant planets have rings around them.
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True
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A ________ is a meteor or meteor fragment that impacts the earth's surface
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meteorite
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Small irregular shaped objects which orbit the sun are called ________.
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asteroids
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Asteroids are usually found orbiting between _________ and _______.
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Jupiter and Mars
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Many thousands of asteroids occur in the solar system.
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True
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The largest known asteroid is called _______.
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Ceres
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The asteroid Ceres is about ______ miles in diameter.
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567
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Small bodies which enter the earth's atmosphere and burn up are called what?
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meteors
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Clumps of dust and gas which revolve around the sun are what?
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comets
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The orbits of the comets are usually highly elongated.
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True
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All activity on the sun's surface is called solar activity.
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True
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Sunspots rarely appear in groups.
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False
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Neptune is the outermost planet from the sun.
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True
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Some asteroids do not lie in the asteroid belt.
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True
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The sun is composed primarily of _________ and ___________.
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hydrogen and helium
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Comets orbit in a short, circular paths around the sun.
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False
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Halley's comet takes 5 years to complete an orbit.
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False
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Meteors are meteoroids that hit the earth.
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False
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Earth rotates west to east.
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True
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What is the correct order of the planets?
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
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The cooler temperature of sunspots is caused by a _________.
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Magnetic field
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The sun rotates on its axis once every _____________.
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25 days 9 hours
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Long-period comets take ________________ to orbit the sun.
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200 or more years
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About 500 meteorites reach the earth each year.
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True
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