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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the external ear (ee): auricle (pinna) |
collects and directs sound waves into the auditory canal and then into the tympanic membrane |
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(ee) auditory canal (external acoustic meatus) |
numerous glands line the canal and secrete earwax to lubricate and protect the ear |
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(ee) tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
separates the external ear from the middle ear |
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the middle ear contains: |
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the inner ear (ie): cochlea |
contains the organ of corti, the organ of hearing |
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(ie) vestibule |
contains the utricle and saccule, membranous pouches containing perilymph. the utricle communicates with the semicircular canals and contains hair cell sensory receptors connected to fibers from the eighth cranial nerve. these hair cells react to the force of gravity and movement and are a part of the sense of equilibrium. |
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(ie) the semicircular canals |
contains nerve endings in the form of hair cells that note changes in the position of the head and reports such movement to the brain through fibers leading to the eighth cranial nerve. |
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acoustic |
pertaining to the sense of hearing |
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audiogram |
a record of hearing by audiometry |
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audiologist |
one who specializes in disorders of hearing |
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audiology |
the study of hearing disorders |
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audiometer |
an instrument used to measure hearing |
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audiphone |
an instrument that conveys sound to the auditory nerve through teeth or bone |
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auditory |
pertaining to the sense of hearing |
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aural |
pertaining to the ear |
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auricle |
the external portion of the ear, know as the flap of the ear; the pinna (pin'na) |
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binaural |
pertaining to both ears |
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cerumen |
earwax, the yellowish substance secreted by the glands in the canal of the external ear |
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cholesteatoma |
a tumor-like mass filled with epithelial cells and cholesterol |
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cochlea |
a portion of the inner ear shaped like a snail shell; contains the organ of hearing referred to as the organ of Corti |
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deafness |
complete or partial loss of the ability to hear |
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ear |
organ of hearing and equilibrium |
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electrocochleography |
a recording of the electrical activity produced when the cochlea is stimulated |
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endaural |
pertaining to within the ear |
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endolymph |
the clear fluid contained within the labyrinth of the ear |
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equilibrium |
a state of balance. in the inner ear, the semicircular canals are the site of the organs of balance. |
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eustachian tube |
a narrow tube between the middle ear and the throat that serves to equalize pressure on both sides of the eardrum. |
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fenestration |
surgical operation in which a new opening is made in the labyrinth of the inner ear for restoration of hearing |
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incus |
the anvil, the middle of the three ossicles |
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labyrinth |
the inner ear; made up of the vestibule, cochlea, and semicircular canals |
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labrynthectomy |
surgical excision of the labyrinth |
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labyrinthitis |
inflammation of the labyrinth |
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labrynthotomy |
incision of the labyrinth |
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malleus |
the hammer, the largest of the three ossicles |
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mastoidalgia |
pain in the mastoid |
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mastoiditis |
inflammation of the mastoid |
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Ménières disease |
a disease of the inner ear (labyrinth) that presents a group of symptoms that recur. in acute attacks, bedrest is recommended. vertigo and dizziness are the classic symptoms, and the patient experiences nausea, tinnitus, and a sensation of fullness or pressure in the ears. Deafness can occur. |
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monaural |
pertaining to one ear. |
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myringectomy |
surgical excision of the tympanic membrane |
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myringoplasty |
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane |
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myringoscope |
an instrument used to examine the eardrum |
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myringotome |
an instrument used for cutting the eardrum |
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myringotomy |
surgical incision of the tympanic membrane is used to remove unwanted fluids from the ear |
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ossicle |
small bone. any one of the three bones of the middle ear: the malleus, the incus, or the stapes |
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otic |
pertaining to the ear |
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otitis |
inflammation of the ear |
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otitis media |
inflammation of the middle ear. |
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otodynia |
pain in the ear, earache |
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otolaryngologist |
one who specializes in the study of the ear and larynx. |
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otolaryngology |
the study of the ear and larynx |
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otolith |
ear stone |
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otomycosis |
a fungus condition of the ear |
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otoneurology |
the study of ear conditions with nerve complications |
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otopharyngeal |
pertaining to the ear and pharynx |
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otoplasty |
surgical repair of the ear |
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otopyorrhea |
flow of pus from the ear |
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otorhinolaryngology |
the study of the ear, nose, and larynx |
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otosclerosis |
a hardening condition of the ear characterized by progressive Deafness. |
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otoscope |
an instrument used to examine the ear
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oval window |
membrane in the middle ear into which fits the footplate of the stapes |
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perilymph |
serum fluid of the inner ear |
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presbycusis |
impairment of hearing in old age |
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Rinne test |
a hearing test made with a tuning fork to compare bone conduction hearing with air conduction |
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stapedectomy |
surgical excision of the stapes in the ear |
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stapes |
the stirrup, the innermost of the ossicles |
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tinnitus |
a ringing or jingling sound in the ear |
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tympanectomy |
surgical excision of the tympanic membrane |
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tympanic |
pertaining to the eardrum |
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tympanic thermometer |
an electronic thermometer that is used to determine core body temperature by measuring it from the tympanic membrane and its surrounding tissues. |
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tympanitis |
inflammation of the eardrum |
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tympanoplasty |
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane |
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utricle |
a small, sac-like structure of the labyrinth of the inner ear |
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vertigo |
a feeling of dizziness, light-headedness, caused by a disturbance of the equilibrium organs in the labyrinth. |
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antibiotics |
used to treat infectious diseases. they may be natural or synthetic substances that inhibit the growth of or destroy microorganisms, especially bacteria. |
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penicillins |
act by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis among newly formed bacterial cells. penicillins are contraindicated in patients who are known to be allergic or hypersensitive to any of its varieties, or to any of the cephalosporins. |
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cephalosporins |
are chemically and pharmacologically related to the penicillins. they act by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, thereby promoting the death of the developing microorganisms. hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and/or penicillins may result in an allergic reaction. |
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tetracyclines |
primarily bacteriostatic, and are active against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. they inhibit protein synthesis int he bacterial cell. |
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erythromycin |
works by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria. these drugs may be used for patients who are allergic to penicillin. |
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drugs used in vertigo |
vertigo is an illusion of movement. it may be caused by a lesion or other process affecting the brain, the eighth cranial nerve, or the labrynthine system of the ear. drugs that are used for vertigo may include anticholinergics, antihistamines, and antidopamines. |
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auditory evoked response |
the response to auditory stimuli (sound) that can be measure independent of the patient's subjective response. by using an electroencephalograph, the intensity of sound and presence of response can be determined. this test is useful for testing the hearing of children who are too young for standard tests, autistic, hyperkinetic, and/or retarded. |
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electronystagmography |
a recording of eye movement in response to specific stimuli, such as sound. it is used to determine the presence and location of a lesion in the vestibule of the ear, to help diagnose unilateral hearing loss of unknown origin, and to help identify the cause of vertigo, tinnitus, and dizziness. |
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falling test |
a test to observe the patient for marked swaying or falling. with eyes open, the patient is asked to stand on one foot, stand heel to toe, and then walk forward. the patient is asked to repeat each of the above with the eyes closed. marked swaying or falling may indicate vestibular and cerebellar dysfunction. |
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past-pointing test |
the patient is instructed to reach out and touch the examiner's index finger, which is held at shoulder level, then to lower the arm, close the eyes, and touch the finger again. the test is repeated using the finger of the examiner's opposite hand. the degree and direction of past-pointing is observed. |
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otoscopy |
visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane via an otoscope. |
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tuning fork test |
a method of testing hearing by the use of a tuning fork. two types of hearing loss (conductive and perceptive) may be distinguished through the use of this test |
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tympanometry |
measurement of the movement of the tympanic membrane and pressure in the middle ear. it is used for detecting middle ear disorders. |
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AC |
air conduction |
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AD |
auris dexter (right ear) |
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AS |
auris sinistra (left ear) |
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AU |
auris unitas (both ears) |
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BC |
bone conduction |
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CPS |
cycles per second |
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db, dB |
decibel |
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ENG |
electronystagmography |
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ENT |
ear, nose, throat |
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EENT |
eyes, ears, nose, throat |
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ETF |
eustachian tube function |
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HD |
hearing distance |
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OM |
otitis media |
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oto |
otology |
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PE tube |
polyethylene tube |
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SOM |
serous otitis media |
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UCHD |
usual childhood diseases |