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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Islam is: |
Peace achieved through submission of God |
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Tawhit |
The absolute oneness of God (Aspiring $ violates Tal-hid, you're giving money power) Theological and spiritual principle. |
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The 5 pillars that relate to Tawhit |
It constitutes a muslim's daily life. 1. Creed 2. Worship 3. Charity 4. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage |
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Creed: |
Bare witness to prophecy (Muhammed). Act of baring witness (conclusion that there is a God) and act of having faith (involves a leap of faith) |
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Worship: |
Required 5 times a day. Proving that it won't consume you. |
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Charity: |
Required to give back to poor, you let go of money. |
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Fasting: |
abstain from bad deeds during ramadan, (you command your body) Islamic calendar operates on a lunar calendar. --> enhances focus on god, creates a sense of unity within muslims, helps you remain humble |
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Pilgrimage: |
Once in a lifetime, one must go to Mecca. |
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Hadge: |
Pilgrimage |
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Quran: |
Muslim holy text that the literal word of god. it can be translated. It is the 1st source of Hadge |
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Philosophy: |
The systematic study of being, knowledge and life. Ex: love, you just know it. |
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Epistemology: |
The study of knowledge, knowledge occurs through cause (systematic) |
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Methaphysics: |
The systematic study of being. The primary mover, motion defines change. |
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Logic: |
Systematic study of statement or preposition. If the premise is true, statement must be coherant, cogent, and rigorous. |
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Apriori: |
Learned by definition, before experience Example: 2+2=4 ... you can't change it. |
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Aposteori: |
Logical truths after experience. Ex: Sun will rise tomorrow |
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Aesthetics: |
The systematic study of beauty. (Is beauty seen by society or by nature?) |
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Ethics: |
The systematic study of morality |
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Sharia: |
Islamic "law" Not written by the state, but executed by the state. It developed organically. It is a discussion about what is an appropriate way to do things as a muslim. (It is God's Law, only God Knows it) |
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Fiqh:
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Sharia is the perfect law known by God. Fiqh is the imperfect human understanding of the perfect law/sharia. (Must constantly work on your understanding of the sharia, discover laws as human beings.) |
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usul al Fiqh: The source of Fiqu. (4) |
1. Quran 2. Sunna 3. Ijma 4. Qiyas |
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Sunna: |
The actions and sayings of the prophet- constitute an important institution and tradition in muslim society. was composed of pre-islamic traditions that the Arabs used to guide their own behavior and to determine right from wrong. Personifies the Quran, living it out. |
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Ijma |
Consensus to the community |
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Qiyas: |
analogical reasoning. |
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Fitrah: |
The human being's innate nature. the inherent disposition toward God. Discover law as human beings. |
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Muhammed:
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Is the messenger of God, " I have faith, there's faith in God, do not chase it." |
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Sufficient condition: Is heat a sufficient condition for fire? |
no |
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Necessary condition: Is heat a necessary condition for fire? |
yes |
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Muslims |
Are Diverse, Heavy concentration in Africa and South Asia. Largest Muslim country is Indonesia |
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Arab |
Is an ethnicity. |
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Arabic |
is the liturgical language of Islam |
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Tradition/ Culture |
entails who we are and is en-rooted in us. It is pervasive and eubiquitous. It is the Meta Institution. We derive our behavior, and we re-inforce our culture. Accumulation of meta institutions determine actions and behaviors |
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Institution |
Socially generated rules that govern our behavior such as marriage. |
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Allah |
The one and only God |
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Intention: (Niyaa) |
It proceeds everything. Essential in the 5 pillars of Tawhid. Determines the nature of the act. |
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Jihad (to struggle) |
Struggling for improvement, for the moral good. |
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Orient |
East |
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Orientalism |
-The perennial study of the Middle East -Reinforces the idea that the east and west are two different things, and they're real (DNA and conceptually.. etc) -Corporate Institution for dealing with the orient (various things come together to form a body ex: media, academy, university) The media deals with certain images that reinforce each other. Orientalism reinforces the differences between people. |
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Perceptions of the East |
It is highly sexualized Or a place that never changes (spirituality) non industrializes |
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Edward Said |
Orientalist scholar. |
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Rationality |
Basis of logic (consistent use of language in a reasonable way) and experience |
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Civilization |
possible when we posses enough material security to reflect on our existence and to produce thought, culture and social norms. Congruency between different languages and cultures. |