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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does COme to Cuba Next Christmas mean?
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names of tarsal bones.
Calcaneous, Talus, Cuboid, Navicular, 1,2,3 Cuneiforms |
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What is the largest tarsal bone?
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os calcis (calcaneous)
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What is the second largest tarsal bone?
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talus (astragalus)
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What is the medical name for the heel bone?
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os calcis (calcaneous)
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What is the anatomical description of the greater trochanter?
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on the femur: proximal, superior and lateral
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What is the most inferior structure of the pelvis?
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ischial tuberocity
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What is the most superior structure of the pelvis?
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iliac crest
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What is the name of the large mass of bone found lateral to the first sacral segment?
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Ala
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Which tarsal bone comprises part of the ankle mortise?
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talus (astragalus)
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What is the anatomical description of the lesser trochanter?
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on the femur: proximal, medial and posterior
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What is the anatomical description of the lesser trochanter?
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on the femur- proximal, medial, and posterior
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Differentiate between the anatomical descriptions of the lesser and greater trochanter
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lesser- medial and posterior
greater- superior and lateral |
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What type of bone classification is the sesamoid bone?
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bones formed in tendons
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What structure is located directly posterior to the acetabulum?
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ischial spine
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What medical term refers to the cartilaginous pads at the knee?
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menisci
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What is the ala?
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wing of the ilium bone
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What is Osgood-Schlatter's disease?
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condition in which the tibial tuberocity breaks away from the tibia
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Where is the sustentaculum tali?
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calcaneous
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What tarsal articulates with the fourth and fifth metatarsal?
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cuboid
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What tarsal articulates with the second metatarsal?
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middle cuneiform (intermediate cuneiform)
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What tarsal articulates with the tibia?
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talus (astragalus)
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What is another name for the intercondyloid eminence?
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tibial spine
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What are two alternate names for the hip bone?
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coxal bone, os coxae, inominate bone
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What is the differene in the anatomical location of the three malloeli?
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lateral- fibula
medial and posterior- tibia |
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What is a Tri-malleolar fracture?
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breaking all 3 malleoli
lateral, medial and posterior |
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Which bone is referred to as the ankle bone?
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astragalus (talus)
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What is the name of the superior portion of the astragalus that articulates with the lower end of the tibia?
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trochlea
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What bone lies below the talus?
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calcaneous
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What is the pes?
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foot
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What is the tarsus?
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foot instep
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What tarsal bones comprise the posterior bones?
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talus, calcaneous, navicular
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What tarsal bones comrpise the anterior bones?
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medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid bone
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How many phalanges are there in each toe?
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hallux- 2
2nd-5th toe- 3 in each one |
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How many phalanges are in each foot?
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14
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Where is the intercondyloid fossa?
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concavity between the femoral condyles on distal femur; location between posterior parts of the femoral condyles
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What bones comprise the pelvic girdle?
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right and left hip bones (inominate bones)
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What portion of the tibia does the fibula articulate with?
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fibular notch on tibia is where fibula articulates. notch located on the distal end of tibia on lateral side; tib-fib joint
fibular articular surface (fibular facet) on tibia articulates with head of fibula (on proximal tibia) |
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What is the difference in size and shape of the male and female pelvis?
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female- broader, larger pelvic outlet, wider diameter, iliac crests are flared outward
male- marrow, smaller diameter, smaller pelvic outlet |
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What bone forms the majority of the adult pelvis?
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inominate bone
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What is the difference between the base and apex of the patella?
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apex- pointed inferior area
base- flat superior area |
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What is the area called where the two inominate bones join?
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symphysis pubis
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What bone is the largest and strongest in the adult?
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femur
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What forms the majority of the false pelvis?
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ilium
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What tendon attaches to the tibia tuberocity?
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quadriceps femoris muscle
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What area on the os coxae does the head of the femur articulate?
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acetabulum
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What portion of the pelvis supports the majority of the body weight in the sitting position?
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ischial tuberocity
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What six bones comprise the pelvis during development?
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2 ilium, 2 ischium, 2 pubis
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What is the anatomical description of the femoral condyles?
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large smooth articulating surfaces located on distal femur
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What is the anatomical relationship of the astragalus to the calcaneous?
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astragalus is superior to calcaneous
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What part of the fibula can be palpated on the lateral surface just below the knee?
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head of fibula
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What bones comprise the acetabulum?
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ischium, ilium, pubis?
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The ischium is located on the (anterior or posterior) part of the body?
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posterior
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The pubis is located on the (anterior or posterior) part of the body?
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anterior
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What bone(s) does the base of the first-third metatarsals articulate with posteriorly?
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cuneiforms
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What are fallen arches? What causes them?
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"fall feet" cause- due to weakening of the ligaments and loss of longtitudinal arch
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What is the anatomical relationship of the navicular to the talus?
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navicular is anterior to talus
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What is the anatomical relationship of the navicular to the cuneiforms?
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navicular is posterior to cuneiforms
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What bones form the knee joint?
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tibia of lower leg and femur
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What bone does the cuboid articulate with posteriorly?
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calcaneous
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What degree angel is formed by the neck and shaft of the femur?
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120 degrees in adults
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What bones form the obturator foramen?
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ischium and pubis
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What bones forms the ankle joint?
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talus, tibia, fibula
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What is the anatomical description of the greater sciatic notch?
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deep notch located on posterior margin of innominate bone between the posterior inferior iliac spine and the ischial spine
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What joint is formed by the sacrum and iliac bones?
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sacroiliac joint (SI joint)
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What is the ligamentum teres?
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round ligament of the femoral head; attaches femur to acetabulum of jip bone
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What is the strongest part of the hip bone?
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ischial tuberocity
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What is the pelvic brim?
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superior margin of true pelvis; called pelvic outlet; widest dimension
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What is the difference between the true and false pelvis?
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true- minor pelvis, inferior to pelvis brim
false- major pelvis, superior to pelvic brim |
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What is the pelvic outlet?
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inferior margin of true pelvis
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Which gender has more of a "heart" shaped pelvis?
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male
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Where is the popliteal region?
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area behind knee joint
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What bones comprise the hip joint?
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os coxae and femur
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What is the crus?
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lower leg
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What bones comprise the pelvis?
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right and left hip bones, sacrum, coccyx
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What tendon is the host of the patella?
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tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle
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How many bones make up the lower extremity?
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62
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How many bones make up the upper extremity?
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64
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What is the medical term for the shin bone?
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tibia
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What is the medical tern for the calf bone?
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fibula
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What attaches the lower extremities to the axial skeleton?
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pelvic girdle
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Why type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
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ampiarthrodial
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What type of joint is the knee joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial. hinge
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What type of joint is the hip joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial. spheroidal
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What type of joint is the ankle joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial. ginglymus
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What type of joint is the intermetatarsal joint?
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diarthrodial. plane
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What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial. gliding
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What type of joint is the proximal tib-fib joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial. gliding
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What type of joint is the distal tib-fib joint?
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synarthrodial. (slight give during dorsiflexion)
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What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
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diarthrodial. synovial
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What type of joint is the interphalangeal joints?
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diarthrodial. synovial. ginglymus
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Where is the subtalar joint?
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talus and calcaneous articulation
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What is another medical name for the tibial spines?
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intercondyloid eminence
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What is the posterior, lowest most section of the coxal bone?
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ischial tuberocity
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Where are sesamoids found?
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in tendons
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What is the largest sesamoid bone?
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patella
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What are two other locations in the body where there are sesamoids?
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thumb and great toe
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How many cuneiform bones are there in each foot?
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3
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What is the pointed upper end of the head of the fibula called?
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apex or styloid process
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What is the difference between the base and head of a metatarsal?
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base is proximal, head is distal
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Are the ilium and ileum the same?
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no. ilium-hip and ileum-section of small intestine
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How many toes are in the human body?
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10
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What is the total number of phalanges in the lower extremity?
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28
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What is ankylosis?
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joint stiffening as a result of RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
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What does "articulation" mean in terms of body joints?
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a joint. a point where 2 bones meet.
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what is the diploe? Where is it mainly found?
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layer of cancellous bone; skull
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Define osteoblast
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bone forming cells
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Define ostecyte
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fully matured bone cell
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Define osteoclast
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cell that re-absorbs calcium/bone.
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What is the difference bewteen a Pott's and a Colle's fracture?
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Colle's- distal radius; fragment displacement
Potte's- tib-fib distal portion; lateral displacement (Smith's is oppsite of Colle's) |
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How many bones comprise the axial and appendicular skeleton?
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axial=80
appendicular=126 |
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What is the name of the irregular articulations that join the skull bones together?
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sutures
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What is th functional classifications of sutures?
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synarthrodial
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what is known as the primary ossification center and the layer of cartilage which allows for bone growth?
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diaphysis
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What and where are fontonels?
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soft spots on an infant skull; membranes where bones are not fully fused together yet
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What type of bones are formed in joints?
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sesamoid
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What structure attaches bone to muscle?
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tendon
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What structure attaches bone to bone?
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ligaments
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What are two examples of short bones?
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carpals and tarsals
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What are two examples of long bones?
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humerous and femur
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what are two examples of irregular bones
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vertebrae, bones at base of skull, innominate bone
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What are the four functions of bones?
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protection, support and framework, lever, hemopoieis (production of blood cells), mineral reservoir
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What is "callus?" Where can it be found?
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new material which forms in area of broken bones. fractures are they are healing
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What is the fibrous covering of the bone called?
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periosteum
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What is a "cornu"? Where is one located in the body?
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horn. hyoid bone
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What are the secondary bone growth centers?
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epiphysis
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What is the periosteum?
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tough, fibrous covering of the bone
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What is the name of the sesamoid bone in the femur?
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fabella
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The acetabulum consists of part of which three bones?
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ilium, ischium and pubis
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The obturator foramen consists of part of which 2 bones?
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pubis and ischium
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