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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A 1-month-old African-American male presents to your office for a check-up. The baby was born at term by NSVD to a 29-year-old G1P0 mother with no complications. Mother states the baby was feeding well until a week ago, when he developed increased sleepiness, prolonged feeding, and greater duration between feeds. His mother notes he stops to take breaks sometimes because he seems to be trying to catch his breath. He has 4 to 6 wet diapers per day and poopy diapers 3 or 4 times per day. Vital signs are: T: 37.6 C, RR: 68 bpm, P: 138 bpm, BP: 88/58 mmHg, and 02 saturation is 98%. The physical examination is notable for increased respiratory effort and retractions, and, upon cardiac examination, a murmur with a hyperactive precordium and no cyanosis. Abdominal exam reveals a liver edge palpable to 4 cm below the right costal margin. Which condition would be least likely to be the cause of the patient’s symptoms?
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Atrial septal defect |
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Aortic stenosis |
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Coarctation of aorta |
CHF in infancy poor feeds, tachypnea, lethargy progress to overt CHF and shock |
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Ventricular septal defect |
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patent ductus arteriosis |
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ASD |
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A 3-week-old infant is brought to the pediatrician for failure to thrive (despite adequate, even prolonged, feedings) and respiratory distress (particularly tachypnea). EKG shows high voltage QRS complexes in leads V1 and V2. What other features does this infant most likely have?
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Left-to-right shunt
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widely split, fixed S2 |
atrial septal defect systolic murmur due to increased blood flow across pulmonic valve |
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continuous murmur louder during systole |
PDA |
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holosystolic murmur |
VSD |
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You have accepted a part-time tutoring job for first-year medical students. One of your students asks if you would please clarify the details of normal fetal circulation. Which of the following best describes the path of the majority of the blood that enters the right atrium? |
RA > RV > ductus arteriosus > systemic circulation |
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A 5-year-old boy is noted to have a grade II systolic murmur and a widely split S2 murmur on cardiac exam. His vital signs are stable and he has been asymptomatic. Which of the following statement is accurate regarding this patient’s presentation and likely condition? |
This patient's murmur is caused by flow through the pulmonary outflow tract and should be evaluated ASD |