Psych Final

Front 1

The study of mental disorders, including thought disorders, emotional disorders, and personality disorders

Back 1

Abnormal psychology

Front 2

Whatever is rare, not frequent, and not statistically normal

Back 2

Abnornal (Statistical Definition)

Front 3

Whatever society does not tolerate

Back 3

Abnormal (Social Definition)

Front 4

The study of mental disorders

Back 4

Psychopathology

Front 5

Widely accepted system for diagnosing and describing mental disorders and behavioral problems

Back 5

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV)

Front 6

Enduring pattern of experience and behavior that differs greatly from expectations of a person’s culture

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Personality Disorder

Front 7

Three groups of Personality Disorders

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Erratic, Eccentric, Anxious

Front 8

Persons with these disorders appear emotional, and have difficulties getting along with others (Emotional, Violent, Unpredictable)

Back 8

Erratic

Front 9

Persons with these disorders appear odd and do not get along well with others

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Eccentric

Front 10

Persons with these disorders appear fearful, apprehensive, and have trouble with social relationships

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Anxious

Front 11

Total prevalence rate for having a personality disorder

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13%

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Having 2 or more disorders at the same time

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Comorbidity

Front 13

Clinician attempts to find data/evidence in support of one diagnostic category over another.

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Differential diagnosis

Front 14

Distinctions between normal personality traits and disorders are in terms of extremity, rigidity, maladaptiveness

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Dimensional Model of Personality Disorders

Front 15

Three Mechanisms of Social Interaction

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Selection, Evocation, Manipulation

Front 16

People are attracted to those who have different personality dispositions

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Complementary Needs

Front 17

People are attracted to those who have similar personality characteristics.

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Attraction Similarity

Front 18

People are married to people who are similar to themselves

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Assortative Mating

Front 19

Tendency to feel tense, worried, and anxious during social interactions or even when anticipating social interactions

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Shyness

Front 20

The most favored characteristic in choosing a spouse

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Mutual attraction/love is

Front 21

Tendency to infer hostile intent on the part of others in the face of uncertain behavior from others

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Hostile Attributional Bias

Front 22

Aggression from others evokes _________ in others

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Hostility

Front 23

The strongest predictors of upset are

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Low agreeableness and emotional instability

Front 24

People’s beliefs about personality characteristics of others cause them to evoke in others actions that are consistent with initial beliefs

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Expectancy confirmation

Front 25

____ people use coercion and responsibility invocation to manipulate

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High Surgency

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____ people use self-abasement, hardball to manipulate

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Low Surgency

Front 27

_____ people use pleasure induction, reason to manipulate

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High Agreeable

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_____ people use coercion, silent treatment to manipulate

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Low Agreeable

Front 29

____people use reason to manipulate

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High Conscientiousness

Front 30

_____ people use regression to manipulate

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Emotionally Unstable

Front 31

___people use reason, pleasure induction, responsibility invocation to manipulate

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High intellect-openness

Front 32

____people use social comparison to manipulate

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Low intellect-openness

Front 33

Manipulative strategy of social interaction, personality style that uses other people as tools for personal gain

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Machiavellianism

Front 34

Those high on _______ are exhibitionistic, grandiose, self-centered, interpersonally exploitative
(Narcissism)

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Narcissism

Front 35

Associate with people who admire them, who will reflect positive view they hold of themselves
(Narcissism)

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Selection

Front 36

Exhibitionism splits people—some view them as brilliant and entertaining, others as selfish and boorish
(Narcissism)

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Evocation

Front 37

Highly exploitative of others
(Narcissism)

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Manipulation

Front 38

Transitory, depend more on the situation than on a specific person
(Emotion)

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Emotional States

Front 39

Pattern of emotional reactions that a person consistently experiences across a variety of life situations
(Emotion)

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Emotional Traits

Front 40

The ratio of one’s accomplishments to one’s aspirations.

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William James definition of happiness

Front 41

Satisfy one’s desires and engage in the hedonistic pursuit of pleasure.

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Rousseau definition of happiness

Front 42

Personality causes a person to create a certain lifestyle, and lifestyle causes emotion reactions (Personality and well being)

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Indirect model

Front 43

Personality causes emotional reactions (Personality and well being)

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Direct model

Front 44

Best predictor of responsiveness to positive mood induction is ______

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Extraversion

Front 45

Best predictor of responsiveness to negative mood induction is ______

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Neuroticism

Front 46

Neuroticism is due primarily to the tendency of the limbic system in the brain to become easily activated

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Eysenck’s biological theory

Front 47

Stressful life event triggers depression among those with pre-existing vulnerability

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Diathesis-stress model

Front 48

Certain cognitive style is a pre-existing condition that makes people vulnerable to depression

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Beck’s cognitive theory

Front 49

Type __ personality: Syndrome or a cluster of traits, including achievement strivings, impatience, competitiveness, hostility

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Type A Personality