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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The nineteenth-century theory that bumps on the skull reveal a person's abilities and traits is called
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phrenology
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Who first suggested that different regions of the brain control different aspects of behavior?
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Franz Gall
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Because neural communication occurs within the context of both cultural influences and individual mental processes,
people are best understood as |
biopsychosocial systems
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The branching extensions of nerve cells that receive incoming signals from sensory receptors or from other neurons are
called the |
dendrites
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The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the
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myelin sheath
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The myelin sheath helps to increase the ________ of neural impulses
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speed
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The junctions where impulses are chemically transmitted from one neuron to another are called
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synapses
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Neurotransmitter receptor sites are primarily located on the
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dendrites
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Endorphins are neurotransmitter molecules similar to
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morphine
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The pain of childbirth is most likely to be reduced by the release of
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endorphins
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Prozac is an antidepressant drug that increases the level of the neurotransmitter
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serotonin
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A drug that blocks a neurotransmitter’s functioning is called a(n)
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opiate
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The body's speedy electrochemical information system is called the
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nervous system
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For you to be able to run, ________ must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg muscles
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motor neurons
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The neurons of the central nervous system cluster into work groups known as
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neural networks
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The release of epinephrine into the bloodstream is most likely to
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stimulate digestion
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The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called
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hormones
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Which endocrine gland regulates body growth?
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pituitary
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A brain lesion refers to ________ of brain tissue
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destruction
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Recording electrodes are placed directly on the scalp to produce a(n)
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EEG
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Which technique involves the use of magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computergenerated images of the
brain's soft tissues? |
MRI
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James Olds and Peter Milner discovered that rats would willingly cross an electrified floor in order to electrically
stimulate areas within their |
hypothalamus.
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Which neural center in the limbic system plays a central role in emotions such as aggression and fear?
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amygdala
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Which region of the human brain best distinguishes us from other animals?
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cerebral cortex
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An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the
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motor cortex
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If a neurosurgeon directly stimulated parts of your sensory cortex, which of the following would you most likely
experience? |
sense of being touched
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Phineas Gage underwent a dramatic personality change after a tamping iron inflicted massive damage to his ________
lobes. |
frontal
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One stroke patient was put to work cleaning tables, with his good arm and hand restrained. Slowly, the bad arm
recovered its skills. He gradually learned to write again and even to play tennis. This best illustrates the value of |
plasticitiy
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Visual information processing in the temporal lobe of Deaf people whose native language is sign best illustrates
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plasticitity
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Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the
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corpus callosum.
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The left cerebral hemisphere is typically superior to the right in
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speech production
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A failure to recognize that one's arm or leg is part of one's self is most likely to be associated with damage to the
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right hemisphere
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Research on left-handedness indicates that
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left-handers are less likely than right-handers to process speech primarily in their left hemisphere.
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