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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
At birth, the most developed parts of an infant's brain are the_______, which regulate vital functions as well as attention, sleeping, elimination, and movement of the head.
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midbrain and medulla
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The process by which unused or unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated from the body is called
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Synaptic pruning
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The critical developmental process in a child's brain that insulates axons and facilitates the conduction of messages is called....
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myelinization
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You are at your sister's bedside. She has just given birth to your first nephew, Toby. Your grandfather reaches into the crib and pats the bottom of Toby's foot. Toby quickly spreads his toes and curls them in. Your grandfather bursts into laughter and says "This little guy's gonna be ticklish!" You smile and say nothing, because as a good student you know that what has just happened is a demonstration of ....
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The babinski reflex
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An infant who is lying with her eyes closed, breathing irregularly, twitching lightly, but with no gross body movements, is
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in an active sleep state
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The newborn's muscle fibers that are present at birth
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initially have a high ratio of water to muscle
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Which of the following activities becomes possible across childhood as a result of the myelinization of the reticular formation?
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Concentration in thinking, such as focusing attention on a task
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Of many possible nutritional problems, children in industrialized societies are more likely to suffer from ....
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micronutrient malnutrition
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In Canada, routine immunizations
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Should commence typically at two months of age
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Infants who spend their days in daycare centers are_______ to develop infections than/as those reared entirely at home
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more likely
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__________ infants are more likely to progress slowly from one developmental milestone to the next.
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Low-birth weight and preterm
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Mrs.Black asks the nurse on a pediatric unit which is the simplest and best precaution that she should take to reduce the risk of SIDS for her infant. The best response would be....
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position the infant to sleep on the infant's back
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At birth, an infant's vision is
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more clear up close
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Regarding sensory skills, which of the following statements is True?
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A newborns auditory acuity is better than its visual acuity
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Newborns seem to be guided by inborn "rules" for determining which stimuli in a stimuli-rich environment are important enough to pay attention to (eg- newborns tend to fixate on contours or edges in their field of vision). This supports the_________ theory of development.
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nativist
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In general, the preference technique is a research method....
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in which a researcher keeps track of how long a baby looks at each of two objects
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In studying perceptual developments, researchers may first present a baby with a particular sight, sound, or object over and over again until the baby:
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habituates
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In order to judge depth, infants need
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either monocular, binocular, or kinetic cues
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The qualities that seem to attract an infant's visual attention first are
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The edges of objects and motion
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Research on face perception in infants shows that babies
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seem to prefer attractive faces to other kinds
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Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk devised an apparatus called the visual cliff to study
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depth perception
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Canadian researchers, studying the effects of early visual deprivation caused by congenital cataracts (treated in infancy) on the development of fave processing have found that________
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Adults who experienced early visual deprivation had difficulty identifying faces when head orientation and facial expression changed
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Up to about six months of age, babies....
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can accurately discriminate among all the sounds that appear in any language
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A Canadian psychologist found that as early as six months of age, babies listen to which of the following?
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Melodies, and they recognize patterns
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The way an infant combines the information obtained from several senses is called_______, and the way a baby learns something from one sense then applies that information with another sense is called________.
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intersensory integration; cross-modal transfer
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