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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agnosia |
Relatively selective disruption of the ability to process a particular kind of semantic information |
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Amnesia |
memory loss |
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Anterograde Amnesia |
Severe loss of the ability to form new episodic and semantic memories (anterograde = after)
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Association Cortex |
Cortex that are involved in associating information within and across modalities
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Basal Forebrain |
A collection of structures that lie at the base of the brain. Include nucleus basalis and medial sptal nuclei
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Confabulation |
highly detailed, false memories
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consolidation period |
A time window during which new memories are vulnerable and easily lost
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cued recall |
you are given some kind of a prompt or clue to the correct answer
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declarative memory |
Includes both episodic and semantic memory, easy to verbalize or communicate your knowledge
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depth-of-process effect |
deeper processing at encoding of new information improves the ability to remember that information later
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diencephalon |
Are near the core of the brain, just above the brainstem, that includes the thalamus, the hypothalamus and the mammillary bodies
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directed forgetting |
when information is forgotten on command
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elctroconvulsive shock |
a brief pulse of electricity passed through the brain via electrodes on each side of the head
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episodic memory |
A memory for a specific autobiographical event
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explicit memory |
episodic and semantic information is consciously accessible or explicit (you know that you know) |
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false memory |
memories of events that never actually happened
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fornix |
part of the basal forebrain and diencephalon connect with the hippocampus via an arch-like fiber bundle called the fornix.
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free recall |
simpled asked an open-ended question and you supply the answer from memory
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frontal cortex |
those regions of cortex that lie within the frontal lobes, may help determine what information we store (or remember) and what information we don't store (therefore forget)
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Functional amnesia |
sudden, massive retrograde memory loss that seems to result from psychological causes
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hippocampus |
part of the medial termporal lobe
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implicit memory |
memory that you may not be aware you've acquired
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interference |
when two memories overlap in content, the strength of either or both memories may be reduced
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korsakoff's disease |
a condition caused by a deficiency in thiamine (a B-vitamin) that sometimes accompanies chronic alcohol abuse
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medial temporal lobes |
inner (or medial) surfaces of the temporal lobes
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misattribution |
occurs when we remember information but mistakenly associate it with an incorrect source |
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mnemonics |
techniques that make information easier to memorize
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multiple memory trace theory |
episodic memories are encoded by an ensemble of hippocampus and cortical networks, and the cortical networks never, in normal circumstances, become fully independent of the hippocampal networks
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nondeclarative memory |
memories that are not always easy to communicate, skill learning is one kind of nondeclarative memory |
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proactive interference |
Process, whereby old information can disrupt new learning
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recognition |
picking a correct answer from a list of possible options
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retroactive interference |
process, whereby new information can disrupt old learning
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retrograde amnesia |
loss of memories for events that occurred after the injury |
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Ribot Gradient |
retrograde memory loss is worse for events that occurred shortly before the injury than for events that occurred in the distant past.
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semantic memory
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memories of facts and general knowledge about the world, as well as for personal information such as your own name and favorite food |
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sensory cortex
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Cortical areas that specialize in one kind of sensory information are often grouped under the heading as sensory cortex
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source amnesia |
when we remember information but cannot remember the source at all.
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standard consolidation theory |
holds that the hippocampus and related medial temporal lobe structures are required for the initial storage and retrieval of an episodic memory but that their contribution diminishes over time until the cortex is capable of retrieving the memory without hippocampal help
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transfer-appropriate processing effect |
refers to the finding that retrieval is more likely to be successful if that cues available at recall are similar to those that were available at encoding
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transient global amnesia |
temporary disruption of memory |