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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two types of unusual roots?
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-nodulation
-mycorrhizal associations |
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What occurs in nodulation of roots?
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-symbiotic relationship with bacteria (rhizobium) fixes atmospheric nitrogen in certain legumes
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What occurs in mycorrhizal associations?
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-symbiotic relationship with fungi gives more water and mineral nutrient uptake
-the fungus gets CHO's in return |
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What are the functions of stems?
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-conduct water and mineral nutrients from roots to leaves, flowers, and fruit
-leaf support (maximize photosynthesis) -stores CHO's and water |
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What are the 5 components of stems?
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-node
-internode -xylem -phloem -cambium |
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From top to base, what are the buds found on stems?
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-terminal
-lateral -bud scale -*terminal bud scale scar (line) |
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What are the pores found in stems?
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-lenticels
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Going from outside to inside, list the components of a mature stem (more detailed than important parts)
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-epidermis
-cork -cork cambium -phloem -cambium -xylem -pith |
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What makes up the vascular bundle?
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-phloem, cambium, and xylem
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What is the bundle sheath?
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-the surrounding cells of the primary phloem and xylem
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What are some examples of specialized stems?
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-cacti
-bulbs -corm -rhizome -spur -stolon -thorns (but NOT prickles) -tuber |
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What are the components of corm?
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-contractile root
-mother corm from previous year -cormel (round things on base) -daughter corm (large "bulb" -dry leaf bases |
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How would you raise a cormel?
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-In fall, separate the new corm and cormels from the parent and grow it!
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What are some flowers from corm?
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-galdiolus
-crocus - |
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What are some flowers from bulbs?
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-chives?
-daffodils and narcissus -hyacinths -tulips |
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What is an example of a rhizome? What do people think this often is?
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-ginger is thought of as a root, but it isn't!! It has nodes and shoots off from main stem
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What are spurs?
What are stonlons? |
-bunches of berries hanging from stem
-thick lines with no foliage such as strawberries and spider plants |
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Where can you find great thorns?
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-Hawthorn berry bush
-honeylocust |
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What are prickles?
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-modified epidermal cells found on roses and brambles, but are NOT stems!
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What is the most common form of a tuber?
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-potato
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What are the functions of leaves?
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-transpiration
-photosynthesis -sometimes storage |
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What are the components of a leaf?
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-blade
-petiole -midrib (not all) -margin -tip -viens |
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What are 4 leaf tips?
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-acute (pointed)
-obtuse (rounded) -truncate (blunt) -emarginate (notched) |
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What are 6 bases?
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-entire
-crenate (scalloped) -serrate (fine tooth) -dentate (toothed) -undulate (wavy) -spinose (spiny) |
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What are 2 lobing and 4 bases?
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- shallowly and palmately
-uneven -cordate (heart-shaped) -cuneate (wedge-shaped) -acute (pointed) |
