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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is physiology?
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the study of body function and how it works
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What is the basic unit of life?
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The cell
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Cellular functions necessary for survival?
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-Obtain food-essential nutrients
-Cells perform chemical reactions-amino acids to build protein -Smallest unit able to carry out lifes processes -Excretion-remove waste -Have growth-synthesis -Responsiveness-process make response -Control exchange of material between cell and environment -Movement-internal and external(visible) -Reproduction-not muscles or nerves |
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Level of organiazation
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(ABIOTIC)atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles,(BIOTIC) cells, tissues, organs, systmes, organism
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Molecules
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2 or more atoms tied together - monomers are building blocks
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Macromolecules
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Polymers
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Organelles
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Subcellular structures - compartments
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Tissues
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group of cells with common function
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Organs
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2 or more tissue types
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systems
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organs form systems that work together
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Organism
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Human beings and animals
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4 Types of tissues
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Nervous, Muscle, Epithelial, Connective
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Nervous Tissue
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has neurons (AP conductors), Glial (support cells for neurons)
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Muscle Tissue
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-Skeletal - voluntary
-Cardiac - Heart - shoot blood out -Smooth - Hollow tubes, organ walls |
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Epithelial tissue
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-gatekeepers
-Squamous - flat cell -Columnar - Tall, nuclei near bottom -Cuboidal - Cube shaped, circular nucleus - secrete and absorbs -Simple - 1 layer of cells -Stratified - 2 or more layers -Sheets - Stomach esophogus - sheets of cells -Glands - secrete substance - exocrine and indocrine |
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Connective Tissue
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-Ties together -
-Extracellular matrix - outside cells -Loose connective tissue - liquid and gel, solid -Dense fibrous connective tissue - parallel and tightly packed -Adipose - big gob-like structures -Bone-solid -Blood-plasma -Cartilage-gel |
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Intracellular fluid
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Inside cell membrane
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Extracellular fluid
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Outside cell membrane
-plasma -interstitial fluid - imidiate surrounding space |
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Homeostasis
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-Internal consistancy
-the maintenance of a relatively stable environment for the cell so the cell is able to function and survive |
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Which body system does not contribute to homeostasis?
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Reproductive
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11 major body systems
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nervous, endocrine, circulatory, digestive, respatory, skeletal, muscular, integumentary, urinary, immune
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Homeostatically regulated factors
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-concentration of nutients and oxygen
-concentration of waste products, co2 - uric acid -concentration of salts and electrolytes, NACL, hydrogen, bicarbs, calcium -Acid/base balance -Temperature, 98.6 -Volume and pressure |
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Intrinsic control system
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-organ has control over activity
-local hormonal control, neural control -blood flow to heart is not constant, filtrate at optimal conditions |
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Extrinsic control
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-control from CNS and endocrine system
-maintains balance throughout body -over rides intrinsic control -maintains flow |
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Negative feedback
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-chain reaction that turns off product when product gets to certain spot
-Set point -sensor - thermostat -integrator - reads and sends messages -effector |
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Positive feedback
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-blood clotting
-antibody production -contraction |