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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Wave
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transfer energy, not matter; created by vibrations
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transverse
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the medium moves perpendicular to energy; radio, microwaves, infrared
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compressional (longitudinal)
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medium moves parallel to energy; earthquakes, SOUND
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Electromagnetic
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can travel through empty space; radio, micro, IR, visible light, UV, x-ray, Gamma
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Mechanical
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need a medium to travel through
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amplitude
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distance from normal resting position to the top of the crest or bottom of trough
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wavelength
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distance between successive parts of a wave; crest to crest or trough to trough
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crest
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top of the wave
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trough
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bottom of the wave
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node
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points along the medium which undergo vibrations between a large positive and negative displacement
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compression
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opposite of rarefaction
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rarefaction
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reduction of a medium's density
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frequency
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Hz=waves/second; as frequency increases, wavelength decreases
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pitch
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describes frequency of sound waves; human hearing= 20Hz-20000Hz
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loudness
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depends on amplitude; bigger amplitude, louder sound
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hertz
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unit for frequency; waves/second
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speed of sound
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300 m/s
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speed of light
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3 E 8 m/s
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destructive interference
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when the crest of one wave meets up with the trough of another they cancel each other out
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constructive interference
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when the crest of one wave meets up with the crest of another wave the amplitude of the resulting wave will be the sum of the two
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resonance
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occurs when the forced vibration is at an objects natural frequency (breaking a glass with a voice)
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beats
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created by constructive and destructive interferences; periods of sounds followed by soft sounds; when 2 waves of different frequencies interfere with one another
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Doppler effect
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relative motion creates a change in frequency when the object creating the sound and the observer are moving farther apart the pitch is lower, when the object creating the sound and the observer are moving closer together the pitch is higher
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sonic boom
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when the object creating a sound moves faster than the sound waves it's creating the compressions constructively interfere and create a "wall" of sound heard as a "boom" when the sound passes an observer
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