Phsychology

Front 1

In Harry Harlow's study, the baby monkeys preferred

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The cloth mother

Front 2

Martina Horner found that fear of success was greatest in

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women of abover average intelligence

Front 3

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who explains motivation in terms of underlying physiological states. To which theory does Dr. Jones subscribe?

Back 3

Drive reduction theory

Front 4

Studies have shown that hig hachievers prefer to be associated with

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experts who help them acheive

Front 5

Pleasure obtained from stimulation is overlooked by what theory

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Drive reduction theory

Front 6

The "hierarchy of needs" was developed by

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Abraham Maslow

Front 7

State a Self actualization need

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Fulfilling one's own potential

Front 8

Charles Darwin argued that people from different cultures express certain basic feelings...

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In the same ways

Front 9

Studies on obese individuals indicate that

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they respond to external cues to eat

Front 10

What thory states that biological needs drive an organism to act in certain ways until its needs are satisfied?

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Drive reduction

Front 11

The tendency of an organism to return or maintain a normal state is called

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Homeostasis

Front 12

David McClelland used the TAT to

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Measure achievement motivation

Front 13

J.W. Atkinson developed the ___ theory to explain goal-directed behavior

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Expectancy-value

Front 14

Abraham Maslow refers to biological drives, including the need for physical safety and security a ___ need

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Fundamental

Front 15

_____ Explains the differences in emotional expressions that we find in various cultures

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Learning

Front 16

The Cannon-Bard theory proposed that

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The Brain arouses the body and triggers emotions sumultaneously

Front 17

The _____ theory is a homeostatic theory of emotional reactions

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Opponent process

Front 18

In maslow's hierarcy, the need to receive and give love is a(n)____ need

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Psychological

Front 19

Incentive theory stresses the role of ____ in motivating behavior

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The engironment

Front 20

Creativity is a compination of what 3 things

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Recombination, flexibility, and origional use of information

Front 21

the "aha" experience orsuddently realizing the solution to a problem is called

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Insight

Front 22

Which of the following is not a type of thinking?
-Directed, nondirected, metacognition, heuristic

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heuristic

Front 23

A label used to represent a calssof objects or events is called a

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concept

Front 24

Changing andreaorganizing the information sored in memory to create new or transformed information is called

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Thinking

Front 25

what is a visual, mental representaiotn of an event or object?

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Image

Front 26

Metacognition occurs when you think about

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Thinking

Front 27

"mass remains constant respite changes inapperaance" is and example of a

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rule

Front 28

Rearranging the elements of a problem in order to find a new solution is called

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Recombination

Front 29

A child who speaks in sentences,but does not use articles or prepositions is exhibiting

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telegraphic speech

Front 30

Chunking is associated with

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Short-term memory

Front 31

Photocraphic memory is also called

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Eidietic memory

Front 32

Interference refers to

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Blockin of a memory by previous or subsequent memories

Front 33

Which of the following describes your ability to identify the name of your first grade teacher in a newspaper article

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recognition

Front 34

Short-term memory

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has a limited capacity

Front 35

Psychologist george miller discovered taht short-term memory is limited to about

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seven items

Front 36

Which of the following describes your ability to identify the sound ofa musical instrument you have heard before?
Recall, Recognition, Semantic memory, echoic memory

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Recognition

Front 37

The tree memory processes are

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Encoding, storage, and retrieval

Front 38

HOMES, an acronym for the 5 great lakes is an example of

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a mnemonic device

Front 39

remembering how to jump rope, a skill you have not practiced in many years, is an example of which kind of memory?

Back 39

Procedural

Front 40

Which of the following does NOT result in forgetting?
Decay, repression, interference, confabulation

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Confabulation

Front 41

The three types of memory are

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Sensory, short-Term, and long term

Front 42

In classical conditioning, the best results occur when the conditioned stimulus is presented

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before the unconditioned response

Front 43

A subject responding to a second stimulus similar the the origional CS is an example of

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Generalization

Front 44

An unpleasant consequence that decreases the frequency of the response that produced it is called

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Punishment

Front 45

To play baseball, several response chains are organized into

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response patterns

Front 46

Learning from the consequences of behavior is called

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Operant Conditioning

Front 47

A child saying "daddy" to his father is an example of

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Discrimination

Front 48

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus elicits

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an automatic response

Front 49

in human society, money serves as a

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Secondary reinforcer

Front 50

Individuals who believe that no matter what they do their actions make no difference are exhibiting

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Learned helplessness

Front 51

An individual watches a friend send and email message. when the individual is later able to send an email message, the type of learning exhibited is

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Observational

Front 52

A type of altered conciousness in which people become highly suggestible is called

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Hypnosis

Front 53

Barbituates, alcohol, and valium are classified as

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Depressants

Front 54

Sigmund freud believed that dreams

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Contain clues to unconscious thoughts and desires

Front 55

Hallucinations can be caused by

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Drugs, fatigue, hightened emotions

Front 56

what occurs during REM sleep

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Dreaming

Front 57

The controversy regarding whether and how meditaition works has focused on similar effects that can sometimes be achieved simply by

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relaxing

Front 58

Sensations or perceptions without any external cause are

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hallucinations

Front 59

Sleepwalking has been linked to

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Stress and fatigue

Front 60

Someone suffereing tension headaches might achiever releif through

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biofeedback

Front 61

What cant a hypnotized subject do

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Be forced to do things against his or her will

Front 62

Which of the following does NOT characterize any state of sleep.
Limited physical mobility, altered state of consciousness, responsiveness to the environment, reapid eye movement

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Responsiveness to the environment

Front 63

The vast majority of psychologists study

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Everyday behaviors and feelings

Front 64

The prsuit of knowledge for its own sake is called

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basic science

Front 65

A complex explanation based on findings from many studies is a

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Theory

Front 66

The concept of "unconscious determinants of behavior" is associated with

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Sigmund Freud

Front 67

Which of the following is NOT associated with B.F. Skinner.
Walden Two, Reinforcement, Free association, behaviorism

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Free Association

Front 68

A hypothesis

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is an educated guess, has to be scientifically tested

Front 69

The first modern psychologist was

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Wilhelm Wundt

Front 70

Sir Francis Galton contributed to the development of the

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Personality test

Front 71

Which of the following is associated with Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers?
Clinical psychology, humainistic psychology, developmental psychology

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Humanistic psychology

Front 72

Psychologists who use psychological principles tgoe solve immediate problems are practicing

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behaviorism

Front 73

Participants in an experiemtn who are exposed to the independent variable are called the

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experimental group

Front 74

The most commonly used measure of central tendency is the

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Mean

Front 75

When neither the participants nor the experimenter knows which group of participants is the experimental one, the study is known as a

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Double-Blind study

Front 76

In ____ studies, psychologist styd the same group of participants at regular intervals over a period of years

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Longitudinal

Front 77

The variable that experimenters manipulate is called the _____ variable

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Independent

Front 78

Who first used observation as a way to understand the world?

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Greed Philosiphers

Front 79

When participants' illnesses change because they believe a treatment will have an effect, they are exhibiting

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the placebo effect

Front 80

What are the parts to the scientific method

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Asking questions, conducting experiments, gernerating a theory

Front 81

To conduct a valid study of a large population, you should use a

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representative sample

Front 82

Sir Francis Galton explored how _______ influences a person's behavior

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Heredity

Front 83

The variable that the experimenter changes to observe its effects is the

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Independent Variable

Front 84

What are the goals of psychology?

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Explanation, Influence, Prediction

Front 85

________Psychology theorizes that behavior is influenced by our perceptions, memories, and expectaions

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Cognitive

Front 86

When researchers analyze data, they use inferential statistics to determine if

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the data supports the hypothesis or the results are due to chance

Front 87

Stanley Milgram's Experiment was a

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Single-Blind experiment