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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Unconditioned stimulus |
Produces a response that does not require learning unco |
Car accident |
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Unconditioned response |
Involuntary,physiological, and unlearned response to the unconditioned stimulus |
Freak out response |
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Pavlov’s experiment Unconditioned stimulus Unconditioned response |
US; meat powder UR; salvation |
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Unconditioned stimuluses and unconditioned responses |
Object touches infant lips; sucking reflex Food in mouth; salvation Foreign object in throat; gag reflex Stimulation in throat;cough |
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Neutral stimulus |
Can turn into a conditioned stimulus; no signal value at all. |
for example a bell in Pavlov’s experiment |
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US |
Unconditioned stimulus brings about a response |
Meat powder |
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UR |
Unlearned response to US |
Salvation |
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CS |
Previously neutral stimulus that when associated with US elicits a conditioned response |
Bell |
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CR |
Conditioned response Learned response to Conditioned stimulus |
Salvation |
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Acquisition |
Is when the organism (human, animal) is acquiring learning through association |
US+NS Meat powder +bell |
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Generalization\Discrimination |
1.Classical conditioning, when a new stimulus that is similar to the original CS elicits a response similar to the CR 2. no response |
Diff bell same response/ no response |
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Spontaneous Recovery/ Extension |
2.The reappearance of the CR after a period of extension 1.US not associated with CS. Also occurred when a behavior is no longer reinforced |
Reappearance of salvation after a time delay Meat powder taken away leaves just the bell. |
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The Law of Effect |
Responses followed by a reinforcer will increase in frequency; responses followed by a punisher will decrease in frequency |
Tells us that consequences of of a something with the likelihood of it happening again |
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Positive reinforcement |
Stimulus added to the environment that result in the increase in frequency of the behavior it follows |
Children + tantrums= toy but toy with dad not mom Stimulus added Behavior increases |
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Negative reinforcement |
A stimulus is removed from the environment resulting in an increase in the frequency of behavior. Escape and avoidance behavior |
Parents hate tantrums so they try to get rid of it so they give the toy Punisher Behavior increases Stimulus removed |
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Positive punishment |
A stimulus is added to the environment that results in a decrease in behavior. Time out and response cost |
Physical punishment= spit in face= spank Stimulus added Punisher Behavior decrease |
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Negative punishment |
Occurs when a behavior is no longer reinforced and decrease is frequency Time out; Response Cost |
Stay with crush or lose care privileges for two days Stimulus removed Behavior decrease Reinforcer |
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Continuous reinforcement schedule |
A behavior is reinforced each time it occurs, learning occurs rapidly |
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Partial reinforcement |
Behavior is not reinforced every time, behavior is resistant to extension |
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Taste oversion |
And individual distinguishes between taste and nausea |
Sick to eating don’t eat |
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Thorndikes Law of Effect |
Response followed by a reinforcer increase in frequency Responses followed by a punisher decrease in frequency |
Hungry cat in cage steps on lever accidentally to get out to eat. Time increases as it learns how to get out |
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Classical conditioning |
Refers to a learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus is pared with a previously neutral stimulus |
Pairs two stimuli |
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Operant conditioning |
Associative learning where the consequences of behavior change the probability of a behaviors accurance |
Pairs behavior and response |
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Shaping |
Reinforcing each step |
Sea world teaches the dolphins step by step |
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Primary reinforcement |
Needed for survival |
Food, water |
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Secondarily reinforcer |
Lunches to primary through classical conditioning |
Whistle and food for an animal to preform a trick Token economy to influence behavior |
