Phlebotomy Test

Front 1

Fomite

Back 1

An inanimate object that carries a disease (countertop, clothing, etc )

Front 2

Parenteral transmission

Back 2

Occurs when a disease or infection is transmitted other than by mouth, nose, or eyes (ex: needlestick, open wound, hangnail, etc.)

Front 3

Exit portal

Back 3

When an infectious microorganism leaves it's reservoir or agent

Front 4

Nosocomial infection

Back 4

Any infection contracted while in a healthcare setting.

Front 5

What percent of patients will develop a nosocomial infection?

Back 5

5%

Front 6

The Hepatitis B vaccine must be offered and done within how many days of employment?

Back 6

10 days (or opt out)

Front 7

In what order should you remove these PPE items?

Gloves, Mask, Goggles, Gown

Back 7

1. Gloves

2. Goggles

3. Gown

4. Mask

Front 8

Medical Asepsis

Back 8

Destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after leaving the body (hand washing, disinfecting surfaces, etc.)

Front 9

Protective/Reverse isolation

Back 9

Type of isolation that keeps the patient safe from the world around them. Think of immune compromised pts or burn pts.

Front 10

The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act was signed into law on what day?

Back 10

November 6th, 2000

Front 11

A percutaneous injury log must contain what 3 items?

Back 11

- type and brand of device involved

- department where the accident occured

- explanation of how the incident occured

*The injured employee may remain anonymous*

Front 12

Caustic is another word for?

Back 12

Flammable

Front 13

Hepatitis B virus can live in dried blood for how many days?

Back 13

7!

Front 14

What is the term for - and some examples of - the minimum measures taken to prevent direct contact with blood/contaminated materials?

Back 14

Standard Precautions

- hand washing

- gloves

Front 15

When are second tier precautions used? What's another name for it?

Back 15

When the patient is known to be, or suspected of being, infected with a contagious disease.

Also called isolation or precaution techniques.

Front 16

Airborne precautions (respirator) and special ventilation may be needed for which infections?

Back 16

TB, measles, chickenpox, shingles, norovirus, etc.

Front 17

Droplet precautions (NOT a respirator) would be used for which infections?

Back 17

Group A strep, rubella, pneumonic plague, mumps, influenza A, and pneumonia

Front 18

An exposure report will be kept on your personnel file for how many years?

Back 18

40 years!

Front 19

What is the idea bleach to water ratio when making a dilution solution?

Back 19

1:10

Body fluid spills need to be disinfected with this rato

Front 20

Formed elements include

Back 20

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes (platelets)

Front 21

After donating whole blood, How long does it take to regenerate the lost red blood cells?

Back 21

6-8 weeks

Front 22

What does leukopenia indicate?

Back 22

Leukopenia, a decrease in WBCs, may indicate viral infection or chemotherapy

Front 23

What are antibodies?

Back 23

Plasma proteins that combine with a specific antigen to inhibit or destroy it.

Front 24

What is the results of agglutination?

Back 24

A toxic amount of hemoglobin is released, which can cause significant kidney damage

Front 25

BTT

Back 25

Bleeding time test. Used to evaluate the primary stages of hemostasis. Usually done before surgery

Front 26

Describe the coagulation phase of hemostasis

Back 26

Cascade of interactions between coagulation factors that convert the temporary platelet plug to a stable FIBRIN clot

Front 27

A coagulation test must always be drawn from what/where??

Back 27

A vein!!

Front 28

What breaks down the fibrin clot during fibrinolysis?

Back 28

Plasmin (enzyme) breaks down the fibrin clot

Front 29

Coumadin and Heparin are both what?

Back 29

Blood thinners

Front 30

What is the most common size needle for venipuncture?

Back 30

21 gauge, 1.25"

Front 31

CPT

Back 31

Classification of Procedural Treatments

Front 32

What's the medical term for the crook of the arm where we draw blood?

Back 32

Antecubital fossa

Front 33

How long is an adult automatic lancet?

Back 33

3.0 mm

Front 34

How long is an automatic lancet for a full-term infant? For a preemie?

Back 34

2.0mm for infants

0.85 mm for preemies

Front 35

How old does one have to be to have a capillary puncture done on their finger?

Back 35

2 years old!

Front 36

Bilirubin is overproduced when:

Back 36

The liver is not breaking down and excreting RBCs the way it's supposed to. This leads to jaundice

Front 37

What is the most common treatment for bilirubin?

Back 37

Phototherapy, or "light" therapy

Front 38

What is the CLSI capillary draw order?

Back 38

EHAS:

EDTA

Heparin

Any other additive

Serum - red/gold/tiger (we want coagulated blood anyway!)

Front 39

What is a basal state?

Back 39

Fasting AND refraining from strenuous exercise for 8:00 to 12 hours before the blood draw.

Front 40

What does postprandial mean?

Back 40

After a meal

Front 41

What does diurnal refer to?

Back 41

Different during the day versus the night

Front 42

What are cold agglutinins?

Back 42

Antibodies produced in response to mycoplasma pneumonia infection (atypical pneumonia). Antibodies formed may attach a red blood cells below body temperature. Specimen must be kept warm

Front 43

List five specimens that require chilling after collection

Back 43

- Ammonia

- Lactic Acid

- PTT

- PT

- ABG

Front 44

List five specimens that must be protected from light exposure after collection

Back 44

- Bilirubin

- Vitamin B12

- folate serum

- folate

- vitamin B6

Front 45

After an ABG test is done, what should be done?

Back 45

Lee phlebotomist should apply pressure to the puncture site for 3 to 5 minutes directly after the needle is withdrawn.

The sample must be placed on ice and immediately brought to the lab!!!

Front 46

What is a phlebotomist's most critical pre-analytical error?

Back 46

Improperly identifying the patient before sample collection

Front 47

What is urticaria?

Back 47

Hives!

Front 48

What are two special considerations surrounding an IV?

Back 48

Always draw blood below a patient's IV site.

Once the charge nurse has stopped the IV, wait 15 minutes to give a solution time to clear. DO NOT stop it yourself.

Front 49

What is the most common complication of phlebotomy?

Back 49

Hematoma!

Front 50

What is the medical term for a blood clot?

Back 50

Thrombosis

Front 51

The average adult contains how many liters of blood?

Back 51

5-7 L

Front 52

What is the recommended allowance for total volume of blood that can be drawn on an adult within a 24-hour period?

Back 52

1-5%

Front 53

Polycythemia Vera

Back 53

An excess of red blood cells

Front 54

Hemochromatosis

Back 54

Occurs when a patient is holding too much iron in their system

Front 55

Where does a Buccal swab occur?

Back 55

Inside the cheeks or under the tongue (sublingual)

Front 56

What is the most common fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and what does it look for?

Back 56

The stool guaiac test

Tests for hidden(occult) blood in a sample