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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
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What is the first definition in the Euthyphro (verbatim) and what is the refutation? |
1st Definition: “Doing as I am doing, prosecuting the wrongdoer, for murder, sacrilege, or any other similar crime whether it be your mother or father it matters not and to do otherwise is impious.” Refutation: Euthyphro only gave an example of piety and not the essence of piety. |
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A. According to Democritus, what are the 2 forms of knowledge? According to Socrates/Plato B. Knowledge = ? C. Evil or Vice =? |
A. True born and Illegitimate B. Virtue C. Ignorance |
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A. What is Metaphysics and what are the sub-branches? B. What is Ethics and what are the sub-branches? |
A. Metaphysics is the study of the nature of reality the sub-branches are monism and dualism. B. Ethics is the study of the nature of morality the sub-branches are Moral absolutism and Moral relativism |
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A. What is an argument? B. What is a statement? |
A. An argument is a group of statements of which one (the conclusion) is claimed to follow from the others (the premises). B. A sentence that is either true or false |
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A. What are the only 3 statements that can be directly attributed to Thales. YOU MUST List ALL 3... B. What are the problems within Thales' philosophy (notice I asked the problems WITHIN thus only attacking what we can directly attribute to Thales) |
1. All is Water 2. The earth Floats on Water 3. All things are full of the Gods. The magnet is alive for it has the power to move iron B. If all is water and the Earth floats on Water, then doesn’t that mean water floats on water (because the earth would therefore be water as well)? So unless the earth is ice these 2 statements seem like a contradiction. Also, If all things are full of gods, then would that mean that everything is made up of gods (everything would be their own god)? |
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How can this video clip be related to Democritus's Philosophy (and/or Determinism?) (Baby alien video) |
Democritus argued that ALL is atoms. In doing so he also argued that atoms come together mechanically and that everything operates mechanically. If this is true then FREEDOM doesn't exist because in order to be free you must have the ability to choose and although many of us would like to accuse our computers of having a mind of their own we know they do not because they are just mechanics following a mechanical order as Democritus says everything does. This mega-mind clip relates to Democritus's philosophy and determinism because it seems Mega Mind might not be free either that his 'destiny' was predetermined and thus he was not free. His parents tell him that he was destined to be something. In addition, Mega Mind is brought up to believe that robbers are good and police are bad. If you or society raises a child to be a thief what more would you expect of them than to be a thief –it is how they were raised thus it is not their fault. Mega Mind was determined to be a thief he had no choice in the way he was raised and thus was determined to be a thief. |
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According to the web-links you were required to read A. Hypatia became the leader of what school? B. Theon was Hypatia's C. Hypatia was also one of the first women to… |
A.The Platonic school B. Dad C. study math, astronomy and philosophy |
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How can this clip be related to Philosophy? (The chair dudes in the matrix.) |
Model Answer: The clip can be related to philosophy in that Metaphysics is the Study of the Nature of Reality and Morpheus asks Neo What is Real - Thus asking Neo to define Reality. In addition, the clip can be related to Epistemology -the study of the knowledge process, because Morpheus is asking Neo how does he know what he THINKS he knows; is it through the electrical signals passing through the brain? Or something else? Thus do we know what we know through Empiricism, Rationalism or skepticism (the last sub-branch meaning we cannot be 100% certain OF ANYTHING) |
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A. Who was Zeno of Elea's teacher B. List the 3 paradoxes you were told you needed to know and C. Explain one of them (act as if you are trying to explain this to a friend) |
A. Parmenides. B. The racecourse, Achilles and the tortoise, The arrow |
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A. Which Philosopher argued Strife = Justice. B. I showed the following clip (correlating to the picture provided) in class or on the adobe recordings: How can this clip be related to the philosopher who argues Strife = Justice |
A. Heraclitus argues Strife = Justice B. In the Clip Mega Mind is trying to create hero because he believed himself to be the villain and in order for there to be a villain there must be a hero. Thus, Mega mind must have Strife in his life in order for his life to be just or for there to be justice so in this clip Mega mind is creating a hero so that his life will be justice from the strife from him battling with the hero which correlates to Heraclitus’ philosophy that strife = justice. |
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What is Epistemology and what are the sub-branches? |
Epistemology is the study of the nature of the knowledge process the sub-branches are empiricism, rationalism, and skepticism. |
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A.Socrates was born in what year? Died in what year? and How old was Socrates when he died? B. Specifically where is Socrates in the Euthyphro, where is Socrates in the Apology and where is Socrates in the Crito? C. Fill in the blanks: Socrates Taught ___1____who taught ______2______who taught______3____ |
A. 470/399/71 B. Outside the Court house C. Socrates taught Plato who taught Aristotle who taught Alexander the Great |
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A. Who was Thales Student B. Who argued the Logos is the ordering pattern C. Who argued all change is an illusion D. Wanted to be remembered as God like? |
A. Anaximander B. Heraclitus C. Parmenides and Zeno D. Empedocles |
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In class I presented a clip represented by the following picture. Whose philosophy was the clip analogous to and why? |
Pythagoras because he argued All is numbers. In this clip the computer claims the answer to life, the universe and everything is 42, thus everything is unified by a number.It is based on Pythagoras that all is numbers and in the clip 42 was the number for life so basically saying that life was based on numbers |
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What is a contradiction within Parmenides' Theory? |
Parmenides argues ‘The One’ is the only thing that exist and that ‘The One’ has the characteristic of being a perfect sphere which means if it is a sphere then it has dimensions and if there are dimensions then it seems like there must be something on the other side of those dimensions, which would contradict Parmenides theory that only the one exist |
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A. What is the Theme of the Crito? B. In the Crito Socrates compares the Laws to his |
A. VIRTUE AND JUSTICE IN RELATION TO THE STATE B. HIS PARENTS |
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A. ____________________is the view that nothing is certain; that nothing can be known through the senses or the mind because both deceive us. B. The ancient Greek Thinkers who explored fundamental questions about the world and about human existence called themselves? |
A. SKEPTICISM B. Philosophoi which means Lovers of Wisdom |
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A. Thales argued all was? B. Empedocles argued all was? C. Democritus argued all was? D. Heraclitus argued all was? |
A. Water B.Rock C. Atoms D. Change |
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A. What does the Word Philosophy Literally mean? B. Who is considered the Father of Philosophy?C. What is the birth place of Greek Philosophy? and WHY? |
A. THE LOVE OF WISDOM B. THALES C. The SEAPORT OF MILETUS Because it was a crossroads for both seaborne commerce and cosmopolitan ideas which meant there was a diversity of people from different areas and different cultures which allowed the people of Miletus to Critically think about these differences instead of remaining closed minded.In addition, the wealth of the city allowed for leisure time without which the life of art and philosophy could not fully develop |
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A. Which philosopher or philosophers argued you music is therapeutic for the soul? B. Which philosopher or philosophers argued All was indeterminate? C. Which philosopher or philosophers argued you cannot step into the same river twice? D. Which philosopher or philosophers argued strife = injustice? E. The Sophist Gorgias argued......? |
A. Pythagoras B. Anaximander C. Heraclitus D. Anaximander E. Gorgias argues there is NO Truth or KNOWLEDGE |
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Within the Euthyphro what justification does Euthyphro give for prosecuting his dad? |
Euthyphro argues that the Zeus punished his dad when he did something wrong and if it is just for the Gods to punish their family members for wrongdoing it must be just for Euthyphro to punish his dad for a wrongdoing |
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A. What is the Socratic Method? B. What is Moral Absolutism? |
A. Dialectic the Philosophical question and answer process. the ethical view that moral values receive their authority from a realm independent of individual human choice/the view that there is standard above humans that serve as the judge for what is moral and what is immoral for all individuals and all cultures.i.e. The view that there is a moral standard ABOVE humans. |
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Which Sophists asserted that the life of injustice is preferred to the life of justice? |
Thrasymachus |
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4th definition (2) 1st definition (3) Amendment to the 2nd definition (5) 2nd and 5th definition (1) 3rd definition (4) |
1.What is dear to the gods 2.Learning how to please the gods in word and deed, by prayers and sacrifices. 3.Doing as I am doing.... 4.Piety is a part of justice 5.What "All" the gods love |
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In the Euthyphro: What is the AMENDMENT to the 2nd definition of Piety ? |
What "All" the gods love |
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Orators/rhetoricians (2) Craftsmen (3) Poets (1) Politicians (3) |
1.Meletus represented the? 2.Lycon represented the? 3.Anytus represented the? |
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Which philosopher stated "no thing is altogether separated off from anything else except Mind" |
Anaxagoras |
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According to your text book, Socrates argued that to know the good is to... |
Do the good |
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Parmenides followers become known as? |
Eleatics |
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According to Euthyphro, there are two parts of justice. Which part is piety? |
The part concerned with the care of the gods |
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One of the three most outstanding Sophists to emerge in Athens during the 5th century? |
Protagoras |
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In the Euthyphro, What is Socrates' refutation of the 2nd definition? |
What may be holy to one god may be unholy to another |
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A moral absolutist could not hold which of the following views? |
There are not absolute moral values |
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Which Sophists is best known for his statement that "man is the measure of all things, of things that are, that they are, and of things that are not, that they are not? |
Protagoras |
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What is the definition of Piety? (found in a current dictionary etc) |
Religious devotion |
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After hearing what the oracle said about him Socrates goes to the politicians, craftsmen, and orators to prove the oracle wrong. Of the three groups who does he believe have some knowledge? |
Craftsmen/Artisians |
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Parmenides, like Thales and Heraclitus, held that |
It is possible to solve the problem of the One and the many |
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According to your book, in the 6th century BC science and philosophy were different disciplines that were at odds with each other. |
False |
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The Statement Apollo and Dionyus will be able to agree on the number of steps leading to the Parthenon is consistent with Socrates' position. |
True |
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4. Democritus 3. Heraclitus 2. Empedocles 5. Anaxagoras 1. Gorgias |
1.Who denied that there is any truth at all 2.Who argued that both change and unchanged exist 3.Who argued opposites are identical 4.Which philosopher was commonly known as “The Laughing Philosopher” 5.Which philosopher argued the sun was a fiery rock? |
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Which of the following is one of Socrates' beliefs expressed in the Crito? |
Because he has never chosen to live anywhere but Athens, he has agreed implicitly to obey all its laws. |
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The Euthyphro was written by? |
Plato |
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What is Socrates' refutation of the 5th definition? |
Euthyphro's argument is circular, because this definition has already been given and refuted. |
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Which philosopher argued the sun is stone and the moon is earth |
Anaxagoras |
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Defining a flower as a rose would be an example of Euthyphro's kind of error in the first definition |
True |
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The ethical view that the individual or the individual's culture is the source of moral values |
Moral relativism |
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According to Parmenides... |
Existence and nonexistence are mutually exclusive |
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According to your book, Hobbes argues people posses a... |
2 fold drive: appetite and aversion |
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A. According to Socrates/Plato when is life meaningless, B. According to Aristotle when is life meaningless |
A. When it's unexamined B. Life's purpose |
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According to Hobbes, What is the State of Nature |
the condition of people without the formation of society and government and War of all against all |
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According to Hobbes, what is the most frequent reason for why men desire to hurt each other? |
Appetite to the same thing |
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What is Hobbesian Justice? |
Obeying the contract |
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According to Hobbes, what is NOT one of the 3 main causes of conflict in the state of nature? |
Happiness |
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Hobbes Wrote: |
Meditations on First Philosophy |
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According to Hobbes' social contract theory, the Sovereign... |
Is in no way subject to the citizens |
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According to Hobbes, where do justice and injustice begin? |
With the Sovereign |
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A. According to Aristotle, how does a person become either cowardly or courageous? B. According to Aristotle what is the Purpose of Human life? |
A. Through HABITUATING cowardly acts a person becomes a coward and through HABITUATING courageous acts one becomes a coward B. Eudaimonia |
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Why does Hobbes claim that all men in the state of nature are equal? |
Because even the weakest is capable of killing the strongest by some method |
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Who wrote Leviathan |
Hobbes |
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Hobbes is frequently, though not accurately, called the father of? |
Totalitarianism |
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Aristotle distinguishes between two major kinds of ends, which of the following is one of them.... |
Intrinsic |
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What does Hobbes call contract |
The mutual transferring of right |
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Hobbes assumed that, no matter what the object of study was, he could gain exact knowledge through? |
Deductive reasoning |
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Hobbes States, the Greeks call him __________, and on this foundation they so build up the doctrine of civil society, as if for the preservation of peace, and the government of mankind there were nothing else necessary, than that men should agree to make certain covenants and conditions together, which themselves should then call laws. |
Political animal |
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Where is Plato's Clearest account of Epistemology found? |
Phaedo |
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According to Hobbes, Why can we not renounce or transfer the right of resisting those who attempt to kill or imprison or injure us? |
There is no benefit |
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According to Hobbes, unjust laws |
Do not exist |
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A. What is the Theme of the Crito B. List at least one of Crito's arguments within the Crito C. The Golden Mean is normally associated with what famous Philosopher? |
A. Virtue and Justice in Relation to the State C. Aristotle |
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According to Hobbes, what is the first law of nature? |
Seek peace and follow it |
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According to Hobbes, What condition constitues war? |
living without a common power |
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According to Aristotle, The sensitive soul is found "only" at what level? |
Animal |
