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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
study of methods and principles used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning
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logic
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an assertion that is either TRUE or FALSE
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proposition
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a statement that contains 2 or more propositions
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compound proposition
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a statement where one of two things asserted is true; "EITHER-OR"
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disjunctive proposition
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a statement where one thing asserted is dependent on another thing; "IF, THEN"
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hypothetical (or conditional) proposition
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If it is raining, then it is cloudy. "If it is raining.." is the ________ of the sentence.
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antecedent
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If it is raining, then it is cloudy. "..then it is cloudy." is the _______ of the sentence.
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consequent
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the process of using the premises to arrive at a conclusion
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inference
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the supporting propositions in an argument
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premises
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the proposition that is affirmed on the basis of the supporting propositions
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conclusion
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a hypothetical propostion is false only when....
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the antecedent is true and the consequent is false
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an inductive argument CAN/CANNOT be valid.
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CANNOT
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an inductive argument CAN/CANNOT be sound.
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CANNOT
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you have a ____ argument when: if all premises are true, the conclusion must be true.
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valid
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you have a _____ argument when: the conclusion is not necessarily true, even if all the premises are true.
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invalid
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a _____ argument claims to support the conclusion with certainity
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deductive
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a ________ argument claims to support conclusion with only some degree of probability
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inductive
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an argument can be true. TRUE OR FALSE?
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FALSE, any argument cannot be described with the terms "true" or "false"
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an argument can be invalid. TRUE OR FALSE?
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TRUE
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a premise can be valid. TRUE OR FALSE?
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FALSE, a premise can not be described using the terms "valid" or "invalid"
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a premise can be _______ or ______.
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true; false
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an argument can be ________ or ________.
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valid; invalid
(also sound) |
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if an argument is valid, it could also be _______.
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sound
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an argument that is valid and all the premises are true
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sound argument
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when the conclusion of a passage is a well-known fact, we can say the passage is a ___________.
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explanation
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An argument's conclusion is a well-known fact. TRUE OR FALSE?
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FALSE. An explanation's explanandum (conclusion) is a well-known fact.
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In an explanation, the premises are called _________ and the conclusion is called the ____________.
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explanans; explanandum
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To determine if a passage is an argument or an explanation, look at the __________.
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conclusion
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One good way to decide what is the conclusion and what are the premises is to look for _________ ______ and _____ _________.
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conclusion indicators and premise indicators
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STUDY CONCLUSION INDICATORS AND PREMISE INDICATORS.
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repeat.
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