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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What effects do anaesthetic drugs cause? |
Cardiac depression - decrease in BP Respiratory rate Tidal Volume Neurological and metabolic functions |
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At what point does the recovery period end? |
When a full level of consciousness is present and physiological values have normalised |
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What factors influence recovery time? |
Breed, weight, type of anaesthetic agent used, length of anaesthesia, animal temperature and underlying systematic diseases |
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What solutions can be used for a surgical scrub? |
Chlorhexidine Povidone-iodine Triclosan |
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What are the ideal properties of surgical scrub solutions? |
Wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity Economical Quick application Safe to use without skin irritation Ability to decrease microbial count quickly |
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What should be used on the eyes and mucous membranes? |
Diluted iodine solution - saline or a balanced salt solution can be used if there is risk of perforation |
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What observations should be shared during surgery? |
Blood loss,drop in body temperature, emesis, monitoring of gross drainage, collection of fluids during procedures, use of tourniquets |
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How long can torniquets be used for? |
No more than 15 minutes |
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Where are the pressure points around the body which reduce blood flow? |
Brachial, femoral and coccygeal artery |
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What should be monitored? |
Heart rate, pulse rate quality and rhythms, SP02, blood pressure, ECG, capnography, MMC and CRT, temperature, CNS parameters - reflexes |
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What are the routine care requirements for an anaesthetised animal? |
Monitoring and maintaining vital signs Maintaining temperature Prevention of pressure necrosis Avoidance of joint strain and limb swelling Removal of purse strings Monitoring aids Temporary intubations |
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What can an improper positioning technique lead to? |
Joint dislocation, post-op skeletal pain, neuropathy, myopathy - can lead to ischaemia, skin and subcutis damage, cardiovascular and respiratory compromise |
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What are the 5 vital signs? |
Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood pressure Pain |
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What must be done when removing a purse string suture? |
Always label and leave extra long sutures Labelled tape on patients forehead Write in patient notes Communication to team Remove once bandaging material/dressing has been placed on surgical site |
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What are the multiparameter monitoring aids |
Pulse ox, capnography, blood pressure, ECG, temperature, document, serial |
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What are examples of passive surface warmers? |
Reflective blankets Plain blankets Bubble wrap |
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What are examples of passive surface warmers? |
Reflective blankets Plain blankets Bubble wrap |
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What are examples of active surface warming |
Forced-air warming Hot dog heat pad Warm water mattress Hot hands Heat lamp Incubator |
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What are examples of active core warming? |
Electric IV fluid warmer Warm peritoneal lavage Warm pleural lavage Warm water enemas |
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What are contraindications of esmarch bandages and torniquets? |
Peripheral neuropathy, poor cardiac reserve, traumatised limbs |
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What is pressure necrosis?? |
Injuries as a result of excessive pressure between bony premises and hard surfaces. Often known as pressure ulcers |
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How can effective communication help the care of patients? |
Provides continuity of care between shifts Safety - ensures vital information is not missed Allows for discussions and suggestions with the view to improve care Enables a higher level of team work Allows for a holistic approach to care |
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How can effective communication of patient care help us? |
Education, professional protection, stress reduction and job satisfaction |
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How should positioning be in recovery? |
Precautions to avoid muscle and nerve damage All at risk patients should be monitored in sternal recumbency Trachea to be straight and equal chest expansion to be allowed on both sides of the chest |
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What are signs of internal haemorrhage? |
Pale MMC Delayed recovery Hypothermia Weak pulse Tachycardia Fresh blood or clots escaping from an abdominal surgical wound |
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What are examples of clean surgery? |
Neutering, elective orthopaedic surgery - an elective surgery in a non-contaminated, non-traumatic and non-inflamed surgical site |
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What are examples of clean contaminated? |
Surgery involves the GI, respiratory or genitourinary system - enterotomy, cystotomy, enterectomy |
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What are examples of contaminated surgery? |
Surgery with leakage or a major break in aseptic technique - dental, cystotomy, enterectomy |
