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75 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

The role of the lymphatic system is to

Drain and filter exudate

Exudate that contains abundant pus

Purulent/suppurative

Exudate that is an abundant amount of fluid,but few cells and little fibrinogen

Serous

Most abundant protein

Albumin

Main function, regulation of osmotic pressure of blood

Albumin

Exudate containing blood

Sanguineous/hemorrhage

Exudate that is high in mucous

Catarrhal

Exudate that contains large amount of fibrin

Fibrinous

Acute inflammation of mucous membrane with associated formation of fibrin, necrotic epithelium, and leukocytes

Pseudomembranous inflammation

Chemical mediator that comes immediate and is short lived

Histamine

Chemical mediators that produces pain

Complement and prostaglandins

Chemical mediators that sustain the response of inflammation

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines

Type of chronic inflammation characterized by formation of granulomas

Chronic ganulomatous inflammation

Tumor like proliferation of inflammatory tissue

Granuloma

Consists of granulation tissue and lymphocytes

Granuloma

Healing process by which lost/destroyed cells are replaced by vital cells

Repair

Types of repair

Regeneration and repair by CT

Repair by same functional cells with restoration of normal function

Regeneration

Repair that involves resolution of exudate

Regeneration

Repair that replacement with scar tissue by fibroblasts

Repair by CT

Repair that stabilizes tissue but normal function is not restored

Repair by CT

Repair that involves organization of exudate

Repair by CT

Decrease in diameter of blood vessels

Vasoconstriction

Increase in diameter of blood vessel

Vasodilation

Hyperemia with increased inflow of blood

Active

Hyperemia that is decreased outflow of blood

Passive

Initial congestion

Stagnation of blood flow

Displacement of leukocytes to periphery

Migration

Adherence of leukocytes to blood vessel wall

Pavementing

Process by which leukocytes migrate out of the blood vessels

Emigration

Directional migration of cells to site of injury in response to chemical substances

Chemotaxis

Inflammatory extravascular fluid high in proteins and white blood cells

Exudate

Injurious stimuli that causes inflammation

Physical chemical biological and immunological

An example of physical injurious stimuli

Ionizing radiation

An example of chemical injurious stimuli

Aspirin burn

An example of biological injurious stimuli

Plaque biofilm

An example of immunological injurious stimuli

Autoimmune response, seen in RA

Cardinal signs of inflammation

Redness


Heat


Swelling


Pain


Loss of function

Cardinal signs related to hyperemia

Redness and heat

Cardinal signs related to edema

Swelling


Pain


Loss of function

Systemic manifestations of inflammation

Fever


Leukocytosis


Lymphadenopathy


Elevated C reaction protein

Condition characterized by enlargement of lymph nodes

Lymphadenopathy

Protein produced but the liver during acute inflammation and may remain during chronic

Elevated c reaction protein

Decrease in diameter a blood vessels

Vasoconstriction

Initial response in acute information

Vasoconstriction

Increase in diameter of blood vessels

Vasodilation

Localized increase in volume of blood to an area

Hyperemia

Engulfment of particulate matter by leukocytes

Phagocytosis

Plasma proteins found in exudate

Albumin


Complement


clotting proteins


Antibodies

Most abundant plasma proteins found in exudate

Albumin

Plasma protein found an exudate that assists the immune response

Complement

Predominate cells in chronic inflammation

Lymphocytes and plasma cells

Phagocytes that are the first to appear at the site of injury

Neutrophils

Phagocytes that are the second line of defense to appear at the site of injury

Macrophages

Purpose of the inflammatory exudate

Phagocytic cells to clear up microorganisms and debris


Antibodies to destroy/neutralize microorganisms or toxins


Neutralize and dilute the irritant by edema


Limit the spread of inflammation by walking off with fibrin, granulation tissue, or scar tissue

The main purpose of the exudate is to initiate

repair

Acute inflammation is characterized by

Exudation

Chronic inflammation is characterized by

Proliferation of granulation tissue/scar tissue

Predominate cells in acute inflammation

Neutrophils

Predominate cells in chronic inflammation

Lymphocytes and macrophages

The central collection of cells of a granuloma

Macrophages

High regeneration tissue

Epithelium of oral mucosa, epidermis and bone marrow

Intermediate regeneration of tissue

Liver, bone, kidneys

Low regeneration tissue

Cardiac muscle and neurons

Host resistant factors

Age


Blood supply


nutrition


Infection


Systemic diseases


Drugs

How does age promote healing

Young age, more reserve cells, increase in blood supply, increase in immune response =

Examples of nutrition that promotes healing

Vitamin A,C,E zinc and protein

Steps and wound healing

Clot


Removal of debris by phagocytes


Epithelialization


Formation of granular tissue


Formation of scar tissue


Shrinkage of scar tissue

What step in wound healing does the scab form

Epithelialization

Step in wound healing that the proliferation and migration of epithelium bridges the wound edges at the surface and replaces lost cells

Epithelialization

Initial tissue filling in the injured area which is formed by the proliferation and migration of CT elements

Granuloma tissue

Step in wound healing where fibroblasts migrate and proliferate at the site of injury

Formation of granulation tissue

Characteristics of granuloma tissue

Dark pink/red in color


Bleeds easily


Soft friable consistency


Granular texture

Step in wound healing where fibroblasts synthesize collagen transforming the granulation tissue into mature fibrous CT

Formation of scar tissue

As the scar tissue develops the amount of collagen _______ and the vascularity ______

Increases


Decrease