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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the four things of Qualitative analysis?
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Color
Consistency Contents Odor |
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Describe how you would make a direct smear.
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Apply very thin film of feces to slide.
Add 1-2 drops of NaCl or distilled water. Mix with circular motion. |
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Define fecal float
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Parasitic eggs are less dense than saturated solutions, so they float to the top and are captured on the cover slip.
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What is Baerman Technique
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It isolates larvae from fresh feces (lungworm)
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Phylum Nemathelminthes
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Strongyloides stercoralis
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Strongyloides stercoralis
(Hosts, CLM, Motile Ova, Zoonotic) |
1. Hosts - Human, K9, Feline
2. CLM - Zoonotic thru larvae penetrating skin; Human infection can last for years. 3. Motile Ova - Ova routinely hatches prior to leaving the body; consequently, free larvae (L1 stage) is usually found in feces. 4. Zoonotic - Yes |
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What is the nickname for Haemonchus contortus? Why?
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Barber pole worm b/c the white egg-filled uterus spirals around blood-filled gut
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What is the pathology for Haemonchus contortus?
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Bottle jaw
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What is "bottle jaw" caused by?
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Loss of plasma protein
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On necropsy, a sheep is found to have severe damage to the small intestine caused by nodules in the mucosa. Name the likely parasite (genus and species).
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Oesophagostomum columbianum
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What is the pathology "pimply gut" refer to for Oesophagostomum columbianum?
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Parasitic adults encapsulate themselves in nodules formed in intestines
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What is the nickname for Chabertia?
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Large Mouth Bowel Worm
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This parasite was found in the feces of a horse that died of colic. Name the likely genus and species?
What causes thromboembolic colic? |
Strongylus vulgaris
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What is the nickname for Ancylostomidae?
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Hookworm
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What do Ancylostomidae's ova contain?
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Blastomeres
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What animal is Ancylostoma caninum?
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Dog
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What is the morphology of the ova?
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They are easily destroyed by freezing.
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Where is Stephanurus dentatus found?
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Swine urine
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What is the intermediate host for Stephanurus dentatus?
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Earthworm
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What does Parelaphostrongylus tenuis cause?
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Neurological disease
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What is the nickname for Oxyuris?
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Pinworm
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What is the host for Oxyuris equi?
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Equine
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What is the morphology of Ascaridata?
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Some have large alae (arrowhead)
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What animal does Parascaris equorum affect?
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Equine
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What is the habitat for Parascaris equorum?
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Small intestine
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Ascaris suum
(Host, Habitat, CS, Zoonotic) |
Host - Swine
Habitat - Small intestine CS - Milk spots on liver, "thumps" Zoonotic - yes |
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What kind of damage does Baylisascaris procyonis cause?
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CNS damage
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What does Spirocerca lupi cause?
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Fibrous nodules in wall of esophagus
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What is the host for Habronema muscae and Draschia megastoma?
What is the intermediate hosts? |
Host - Equine
Intermediate hosts - house fly and stable fly |
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What are Cutaneous Habronemiasis?
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Summer sores
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What is the habitat & dx for Trichinella spiralis?
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Habitat - striated muscles
Dx - muscle squash prep |
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What is the nickname and causes for Trichuris vulpis?
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Nickname - Whipworm
Causes - intermittent diarrhea w/mucous |
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What four qualities are included in a qualitative analysis of feces?
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Color
Consistency Contents Odor |
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You suspect a sheep has Haemonchus contortus, what would you expect to find on the fecal?
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Ova with larvae
Very large strongyle-type ova Strongyle-type ova |
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You suspect a sheep has Haemonchus contortus, what sort of CS would you expect?
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Bottle jaw
Anemia Poor body conditions |
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What is another name for Oesophagostomum?
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Pimply Gut
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Is Strongyloides stercoralis zoonotic?
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yes
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For which parasite is the Baermann technique used?
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Lungworm
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Describe the route of infection of S. stercoralis in humans.
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CLM - skin penetration
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What is Chabertia's nickname?
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Large mouth bowel worm
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Describe the preparation of a direct smear.
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Put some stool on a stick and place a small amount on a slide, add 1-2 drops of distilled water and spread stool around in a circle, put a slide cover over the wet area with stool.
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Describe the preparation of a fecal float.
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Get a decent stool sample on a stick, put in fecal float container and add fecalsol to about halfway. Mix stool in fecalsol and then snap mixer into place. Fill remainder space with fecalsol until top & put slide cover over top. Let sit for approx 15 mins, then remove slide cover and place it on a slide to read under a microscope.
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Why is Haemonchus contortus nicknamed the "barber pole worm"?
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The white egg-filled uterus spirals around blood-filled gut
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What distinctions help to identify the adults of Oesophagostomum?
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Cuticular fin or wing-like flange at base of tail
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What distinctions help to identify the adults of Chabertia?
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13-20 mm long w/large buccal cavity
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Describe the pathology of Oesophagostomum.
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"Pimply gut"
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What is "pimply gut"?
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Parasitic larvae encapsulate themselves in nodules formed in the intestines.
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Describe the morphological characteristics of Strongylus vulgaris.
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2 dorsal teet; smallest & most pathogenic - only 100 can cause death; thromboembolic colic/aneurysm/embolism.
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On necropsy, parasites are found in a horse that died of colic. What is the most likely culprit in this case?
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Strongylus vulgaris
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Which hookworm of small animals has teeth in its buccal cavity.
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Ancylostoma
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What is the nickname for Oxyuris equi?
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Pinworm
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What is the nickname for ascarids?
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Roundworm
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Name a differential diagnosis for an ataxic pygmy goat w/a head tilt.
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Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
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You see typical ascarid ova in equine feces - name the likely parasite.
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Parascaris equorum
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What is the roundworm of horses?
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Parascaris equorum
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Which large equine strongyle is most pathogenic?
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Strongylus vulgaris
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Are any of the Ancylostoma zoonotic?
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Yes
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What is the diagnostic test of choice to detect Oxyuris equi infections?
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Microscopic evaluation of Scotch tape applied to perirectal tissue
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What is one of the roundworms that attacks the CNS and causes neurolgic signs?
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Baylisascaris procyonis
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What is the host of Baylisascaris procyonis?
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Raccoons
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What is one of the CS of Ascaris suum?
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Milk spots on liver
"Thumps" |
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What is the nickname of Oxyuris?
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Pinworm
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Give the nickname for this parasite.
What is the classic sign of infection by this parasite? |
Whipworm (Trichuris vulpis)
Diarrhea w/mucus |
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Toxocara canis ova
Dog |
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Toxascaris leonina
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Toxocara cati
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Ancylostoma caninum
Dog hookworm |
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Name the ova.
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Strongyle-type ova
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Ascaris
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Ascaris
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Oxyuris equi
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Baylisascaris procyonis ova
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Trichinella spiralis ova
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This parasite was found in the feces of a horse that died of colic. Name the likely genus and species.
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Strongylus vulgaris
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Name the parasite (genus and species).
Name the condition most often associated w/this parasite. What causes this condition? |
Haemonchus contortus adult
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Parascaris equorum adult
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Ascaris suum adult
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This parasite affects horses. Name the genus and species.
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Strongyloides westeri
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This parasite of the dog is associated with esophageal sarcomas. Name the genus and species.
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S. lupi
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Motile larvae (not adults) are seen in dog feces. Name two possible sources.
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Strongyloidy
Stercolaris |
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Name two parasites that cause CNS damage.
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Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
Baylisascavis procyonis |
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On necropsy, a sheep is found to have severe damage to the small intestine caused by nodules in the mucosa. Nam e the likely parasite (genus & species).
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Oesophagostomum columbianum
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What test is performed to find Trichinella spiralis organisms in an animal?
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Muscle squash prep
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What is the medical term for infection of open wounds by parasitic ova or larvae, commonly known as "summer sores"?
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Cutaneous habronemiasis
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This sample is from a horse with puritis ani. Name the genus & species.
Give the nickname of this parasite. Is this parasite zoonotic? |
Draschia megastoma
Pinworm No |
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This parasite's ova are found only in urine. Name the genus and species.
Name the host. |
Stephanurus dentatus
Pigs. |
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Roundworms
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Strongyloids
Trichostrongyloidea Ascaridata aka Ascarids |
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Brainworm
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Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
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Lungworm
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Metastronglidae
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How do you diagnose lungworm?
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Baerman Technique
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Whipworm
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Trichuris vulpis
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Pinworm
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Oxyuris equi
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Hookworms
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Ancylostomidae
Globocephalus |
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Heartworm
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Dirofilaria wmmitus
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Eyeworm
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Thelazia
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Esophageal worm
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S. Lupi
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What is the most common equine parasite?
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Strongyloidea
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Describe what a typical strongyle ova looks like.
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Smooth, ellipsoidal, elongated, thin-shell & embryonated
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What has teeth in its buccal cavity?
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Ancylostoma
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What is a direct smear not good for?
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Protozoa & Giardia
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What is Globocephalus the hookworm of?
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Pig
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What is the dx test used to detect Oxyuris equi infection?
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Microscopic eval of scotch tape applied to perirectal tissue.
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Which equine parasite is associated w/thromboembolic colic?
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Strongylus vulgaris
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What is the Macmaster technique?
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Estimated extent of contamination, used in herd management.
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What causes black scours?
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Trichostrongylus
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Where would you find ova in Stephanurus dentatus?
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Urine
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