Paramedic Care-Book 1: Chapter 10; Intravenous Access And Medication Administration

Front 1

6 Rights of Drug Administration

Back 1

1. Right Person
2. Right Drug
3. Right Dose
4. Right Time
5. Right Route
6. Right Documentation

Front 2

Standard Precaustions

Back 2

Measures to decrease your risk of exposure to blood and body fluids

Front 3

Asepsis

Back 3

A condition free of pathogens

Front 4

Local

Back 4

Limited to one area of the body

Front 5

Sterile

Back 5

Free of all forms of life

Front 6

Medically Clean

Back 6

Careful handling to prevent contamination

Front 7

Disenfectant

Back 7

Cleansing agent that is toxic to living tissue

Front 8

Antiseptic

Back 8

Cleansing agent that is not toxic to living tissue

Front 9

Sharps container

Back 9

Rigid, puncture-resistant container clearly marked as a biohazard

Front 10

Topical medications

Back 10

Material applied to and absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes

Front 11

Routes of Drug Administration

Back 11

1. Percutaneous
2. Pulmonary
3. Enteral
4. Parenteral

Front 12

Transdermal

Back 12

Absorbed through the skin

Front 13

Percutaneous Routes

Back 13

1. Transdermal
2. Mucous membrane

Front 14

Mucous membrane medication sites

Back 14

1. Tounge
2. Cheek
3. Eye
4. Nose
5. Ear

Front 15

Sublingual

Back 15

Beneath the tounge

Front 16

Buccal

Back 16

Between the cheek and gums

Front 17

Ocular medication

Back 17

Drug administrated through the mucous membranes of the eye

Front 18

Nasal Medication

Back 18

Drug administered through the mucous membranes of the nose

Front 19

Medication atomization device (MAD)

Back 19

Device that produces a fine aerosol mist that permits wide and even distribution of a medication across the nasal mucosa

Front 20

Aural medication

Back 20

Drug administered throug hthe mucous membranes of the ear and ear canal

Front 21

Inhalation

Back 21

Drawing of medication into the lungs along with air during breathing

Front 22

Injection

Back 22

Placement of medicaiton in or under the skin with a needle and syringe

Front 23

Nebulizer

Back 23

Inhalation aid that disperses liquid into aerosol spray or mist

Front 24

Metered dose Inhaler

Back 24

Handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation

Front 25

Endotracheal Medications

Back 25

1. Lidocaine
2. Vasopressin
3. Epinephrine
4. Atropine
5. Naloxone

Front 26

Enteral

Back 26

Through the gastrointestinal tract

Front 27

Enteral Routes (Meds)

Back 27

1. Oral
2. Gastric tube
3. Rectal

Front 28

Hepatic alteration

Back 28

Change in a medication's chemical composition that occurs in the liver

Front 29

Suppository

Back 29

Medication packaged in a soft, pliable form for insertion into the rectum

Front 30

Enema

Back 30

A liquid bolus of medication that is injected into the rectum

Front 31

Bolus

Back 31

Concentrated mass of medication

Front 32

Parenteral

Back 32

Outside of the gastrointestinal tract

Front 33

Syringe

Back 33

Plastic tube with which liquid medications can be drawn up, stored and injected

Front 34

Hypodermic needle

Back 34

Hollow metal tube used with the syringe to administer medications

Front 35

Gauge

Back 35

The size of the needle's diameter

Front 36

Ampule

Back 36

Breakable glass vessel containing liquid medication

Front 37

Vial

Back 37

Plastic or glass container with a self-sealing rubber top

Front 38

Nonconstitued drug vial/Mix-O-Vial

Back 38

Vial with two containers, one holding a powdered medication and the other holding a liquid mixing solution

Front 39

Prefilled/Preloaded syringe

Back 39

Syring packaged in a tamper-proof container with the medication already in the barrel

Front 40

Medicated solution

Back 40

Parenteral medication packaged in an IV bag and administered as an IV infusion

Front 41

Infusion

Back 41

Liquid medication delivered through a vein

Front 42

Intradermal

Back 42

Within the dermal layer of the skin

Front 43

Subcutaneous

Back 43

The layer of loose connective tissue between the skin or muscle

Front 44

Intramuscular

Back 44

Within the muscle

Front 45

Intramuscular Injection Sites

Back 45

1. Deltoid
2. Dorsal gluteal
3. Vastus lateralis
4. Rectus femoris

Front 46

Intravenous (IV) access (Cannulation)

Back 46

Surgical puncture of a vein to deliver medication or withdraw blood.

Front 47

Peripheral venous access

Back 47

Surgical puncture of a vein in the arm, leg, or neck

Front 48

Central venous access

Back 48

Surgical puncture of the internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein

Front 49

Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)

Back 49

Line threaded into the central circulation via a peripheral site

Front 50

Intravenous fluid

Back 50

Chemically prepared solution tailored to the body's specific needs

Front 51

Colloid

Back 51

Intravenous solutions containing large proteins that cannot pass through capillary membranes

Front 52

Cyrstalloid

Back 52

Intravenous solutions that contain electrolytes but lack the larger proteins associated with colloids

Front 53

Isotonic

Back 53

State in which solutions on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane are in equal concentration

Front 54

Hypertonic

Back 54

State in which a solution has a higher solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane than on the other side

Front 55

Crystalloid Classes

Back 55

1. Isotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Hypotonic

Front 56

Administration Tubing

Back 56

Flexible, clear plastic tubing that connects the solution bag to the IV cannula

Front 57

Cannula

Back 57

Hollow needle used to puncture a vein

Front 58

Microdrip administration tubing

Back 58

Administration tubing that delivers a relatively small amount of fluid

Front 59

Macrodrip administration tubing

Back 59

Administration tubing that delivers a relatively large amount of fluid.

Front 60

Spike

Back 60

Shar-pointed device inserted into the IV solution bag's administration set port

Front 61

Drip chamber

Back 61

Clear plastic chamber that allows visualization of the drip rate

Front 62

Drip rate

Back 62

Pace at which the fluid moves from the bag into the patient

Front 63

Drop former

Back 63

Device that regulates the size of drops

Front 64

Medication injection port

Back 64

Self-sealing membrane into which a hypodermic needle is inserted for drug administration

Front 65

Needle adapter

Back 65

Rigid plastic device specifically constructed to fit into the hub of an intravenous cannula

Front 66

Extension tubing

Back 66

IV tubing used to extend a macrodrip or microdrip setup

Front 67

Measured volume administration set

Back 67

IV setup that delivers specific volumes of fluid

Front 68

Burette chamber

Back 68

Calibrated chamber of Berutrol IV administration tubing that enables precise measurement and delivery of fluids and medicated solutions

Front 69

Blood tubing

Back 69

Administration tubing that contains a filter to prevent clots or other debris from entering the patient

Front 70

Over-the-needle catheter/angiocatheter

Back 70

Semiflexible catheter enclosing a sharp metal stylet

Front 71

Hollow-needle catheter

Back 71

Stylet that does not have a Teflon tube but is inself inserted into the vein and secured their

Front 72

Catheter inserted through the needle/Intracatheter

Back 72

Teflon catheter inserted through a large metal stylet

Front 73

Venous constricting band

Back 73

Flat rubber band used to impede venous return and make veins easier to use

Front 74

Extravasation

Back 74

Leakage of fluid or medication from the blood vessel that is commonly found with infiltration

Front 75

Pyrogen

Back 75

Foreign protein capable of producting fever

Front 76

Embolus

Back 76

Foreign particle in the blood

Front 77

Circulatory overload

Back 77

An excess in intravascular fluid volume

Front 78

Thrombophlebitis

Back 78

Inflammation of the vein

Front 79

Thrombus

Back 79

Blood clot

Front 80

Air embolism

Back 80

Air in the vein

Front 81

Necrosis

Back 81

The sloughing off of dead tissue

Front 82

Anticoagulant

Back 82

Drug that inhibits blood clotting

Front 83

Saline lock

Back 83

Peripheral IV cannula with a distal medication port used for intermittent fluid or medication infusions. Saline is injected into the device to maintain its patency

Front 84

Heparin lock

Back 84

Peripheral IV cannula with a distal midication port used for intermittent fluid or medication infusions. Flushes of heparin solution ,which inhibit blood coagulation, are used to maintain patency of the device

Front 85

Venous access device

Back 85

Surgically implanted port that permits repeated access to central venous circulation

Front 86

Huber needle

Back 86

Needle that has an opening on the side of the shaft instead of the tip

Front 87

Infusion controller

Back 87

Gravity-flow device that regulates fluid's passage through an electromechanical pump

Front 88

Extravascular

Back 88

Outside the vein

Front 89

Infusion pump

Back 89

Device that delivers fluids and medications under positive pressure

Front 90

Blood tube

Back 90

Glass container with color-coded self-sealing rubber top

Front 91

Hollow-needle catheter

Back 91

Stylet that does not have a Teflon tube but is inself inserted into the vein and secured their

Front 92

Catheter inserted through the needle/Intracatheter

Back 92

Teflon catheter inserted through a large metal stylet

Front 93

Venous constricting band

Back 93

Flat rubber band used to impede venous return and make veins easier to use

Front 94

Extravasation

Back 94

Leakage of fluid or medication from the blood vessel that is commonly found with infiltration

Front 95

Pyrogen

Back 95

Foreign protein capable of producting fever

Front 96

Embolus

Back 96

Foreign particle in the blood

Front 97

Circulatory overload

Back 97

An excess in intravascular fluid volume

Front 98

Thrombophlebitis

Back 98

Inflammation of the vein

Front 99

Thrombus

Back 99

Blood clot

Front 100

Air embolism

Back 100

Air in the vein

Front 101

Vacutainer

Back 101

Device that holds blood tubes

Front 102

Multidraw needle

Back 102

Long, exposed needle that screws into the vacutainer and is instered directly into the vein

Front 103

Blood tube (Red top)

Back 103

Blood tube anticoagulant - None

Front 104

Blood tube (Blue top)

Back 104

Blood tube anticoagulant - Citrate

Front 105

Blood tube (Green top)

Back 105

Blood tube anticoagulant - Heparin

Front 106

Blood tube (Purple top)

Back 106

Blood tube anticoagulant - EDTA

Front 107

Blood tube (Gray top)

Back 107

Blood tube anticoagulant - Fluoride

Front 108

Hemoconcentration

Back 108

Elevated numbers of red and white blood cells

Front 109

Hemolysis

Back 109

The destruction of red blood cells

Front 110

Intraosseous

Back 110

Within the bone

Front 111

Trocar

Back 111

A sharp, pointed instrument

Front 112

Book conversion of pounds to kilograms

Back 112

Kilograms = pounds/2.2

Front 113

Field conversion of pounds to kilograms

Back 113

Kilograms = pounds/2 - 10%

Front 114

Unit

Back 114

Predetermined amount of medication or fluid

Front 115

Stock solution

Back 115

Standard concentration of routinely used medications

Front 116

Desire dose

Back 116

Specific quantity of medication needed

Front 117

Concentration

Back 117

Weight per volume

Front 118

Dosage on hand

Back 118

The amount of drug available in solution

Front 119

Volume on hand

Back 119

The available amount of solution containing a medication

Front 120

Volume to be administered

Back 120

Volume on hand (times) desired dose (divided by) Dosage on hand

Front 121

Infusion rate calculation

Back 121

Volume on hand X Drip factor X desired dose (divided by) dosage on hand

Front 122

Fluid volume over time calculation

Back 122

Drops per min = Volume to be administered or drip factor (divided by) time in minutes