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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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A vet at your clinic is preparing to perform a punch biopsy of a dermal mass in a cat under local anesthesia. He asks you to add epinephrine to his lidocaine before administering the local anesthetic. What is the rationale for adding epinephrine? |
Epinephrine prolongs the duration of lidocaine's effects. |
Epinephrine allows the lidocaine to be more rapidly cleared. Epinephrine, when given by this route, has a sedative effect on cats. Epinephrine prolongs the duration of lidocaine's effects. Epinephrine neutralizes the acidic pH of lidocaine, decreasing the pain on injection. Epinephrine acts as a pharmacologic antagonist to the systemic effects of lidocaine, to which cats can be particularly sensitive. |
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Tramadol is to be sent home with a 27 pound Beagle following a routine ovariohysterectomy. The veterinarian wants you to fill the prescription giving 2 mg/kg every 8 hours PO for 3 days. Tramadol comes in 50 mg tablets. How many tablets will you dispense? |
5 tablets |
9 tablets. 18 tablets. Dispense as many tablets as the owner would like in case the patient is painful for more than 3 days. 5 tablets. |
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A 4-year old male intact Jack Russell is recovering post-operatively after a lung lobectomy following a coyote attack. The dog is very painful. Which of the following combinations of medications may be given as a constant rate infusion and is commonly used for pain control in the critical care setting? |
Morphine, lidocaine, ketamine. |
Diazepam, ketamine, morphine. Medetomidine, acepromazine, lidocaine. Morphine, lidocaine, ketamine. Propofol, morphine, bupivacaine. |
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A 38-kg Great Dane is recovering from Gastric Dilatation Volvulus surgery. The doctor would like to send him home on Tramadol. The doctor requested that a prescription be filled out for 5 days at 3 mg/kg orally three times per day. How many pills should you send home? |
30 tablets |
40 tablets 25 tablets 50 tablets 30 tablets |
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Phenylbutazone (bute) is often used for pain relief in horses. What side effect has been associated with this drug? |
Right dorsal colitis |
Esophageal stricture Right dorsal colitis Colonic impaction Laminitis |
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The autonomic nervous system refers to what? |
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems |
The peripheral nervous system (PNS). The central nervous system (CNS). The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The cranial nerves. The limbic nervous system. |
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Which drug choice is a dissociative anesthetic and used for anesthetic induction and analgesia in veterinary medicine? |
Ketamine |
Propofol Ketamine Acepromazine Xylazine |
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Impulses are carried away from the neuronal cell body by which of the following structures? |
Axon |
Afferent nerve Dendrite Axon Spinous process |
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You are performing treatments on a horse and you need to apply dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) topically over a region of tenosynovitis in a horse. Which of the following personal protective equipment should be worn? |
Gloves |
Protective goggles Filtered respirator Gloves Surgical gown |
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A client calls your clinic Monday morning to let you know her dog had an emergency foreign body surgery over the weekend. She said they placed a pain patch on his skin that will need to be removed in 2 more days. This patch likely contains which of the following analgesics? |
Fentanyl |
Lidocaine Fentanyl Carprofen Morphine |
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An extremely fractious cat has been admitted to the facility. Due to its disposition, you are unable to remove it from its carrier. What opioid normally given by injection can be given orally for sedation or analgesia? |
Buprenorphine |
Morphine Acepromazine Dexmedetomedine Buprenorphine Hydromorphone |
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Regarding controlled substances, which is true? |
They have a high abuse potential, and a written log must be kept on these drugs |
They are currently controlled by the Environmental Protection Agency. Should never be prescribed for home use and should only be used in-hospital. When they expire, they should be thrown in the trash. They have a high abuse potential, and a written log must be kept on these drugs. |
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When placing an epidural in a dog or cat, the spinal needle is inserted into the space located between which two vertebrae? |
L7, S1 |
L8, S1 L7, S1 L6, S1 L6, L7 |
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Which of the following is considered a partial mu agonist/antagonist? |
Butorphanol |
Butorphanol Hydromorphone Morphine Naloxone |
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Phenothiazine tranquilizers such as acepromazine are frequently used as preanesthetic agents. All of the following are true statements regarding these drugs EXCEPT for which? |
They frequently cause vomiting |
They frequently cause hypotension They frequently cause vomiting They are not analgesics They are synergistic with opioids |
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Which drug is a commonly used sedative for horses? |
Xylazine |
Xylazine Ketamine Propofol Diazepam |
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An extremely fractious cat has been admitted to the facility. Due to its disposition, you are unable to remove it from its carrier. What opioid normally given by injection can be given orally for sedation or analgesia? |
Buprenorphine |
Morphine Hydromorphone Dexmedetomedine Acepromazine Buprenorphine |
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A drug from which of the following categories will cause loss of motor function when administered during an epidural? |
Local anesthetics (ie; bupivacaine, lidocaine) |
Opioids (ie; morphine, fentanyl) Corticosteroids (ie; methylprednisolone, dexamethasone) Alpha 2 Agonists (ie; dexmedetomidine, xylazine) Local anesthetics (ie; bupivacaine, lidocaine) |
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Telazol is commonly used in veterinary anesthetic immobilizations. Telazol is a combination of which two drugs? |
Teletamine and zolazepam |
Ketamine and diazepam Acepromazine and butorphanol Teletamine and zolazepam Ketamine and xylazine |
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When performing an epidural using the hanging drop technique, which of the following is the indication you have correct placement of the needle in the epidural space? |
The drop of saline placed in the hub of the needle is sucked in. |
The hanging drop is not a technique used during the placement of an epidural. When a drop of saline is placed in the hub of the needle and does not suck in, instead it is "hanging out" or forms a meniscus. The drop of saline placed in the hub of the needle is sucked in. The patient's tail drops between its legs when they are hanging over the edge of the table. |
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After completing a routine spay, the doctor asks you to administer 0.015 mg/kg of buprenorphine intravenously for post operative pain. How many milliliters will you administer if it comes as a 0.3mg/ml solution and the cat weighs 6.6 lbs? |
0.15 ml |
1.5 ml 0.33 ml 0.5 ml [ Correct answer ] |
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Blood pressure increases as blood vessels constrict. Which system causes blood pressure to increase when stimulated, and which corresponding stimulus could induce this response? |
Sympathetic nervous system, fear |
Parasympathetic nervous system, exercise Sympathetic nervous system, digestion Parasympathetic nervous system, digestion Sympathetic nervous system, fear Central nervous system, seizure |
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A 9-year old male neutered German Shepherd is diagnosed with an osteosarcoma at the distal radius. The owner has chosen palliative care and wants to keep him comfortable as long as possible. He is already on carprofen (Rimadyl) for pain. What other medication could he take for additional analgesia for his bone pain? |
Tramadol |
Tramadol Prednisone Meloxicam Glucosamine |
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A patient with a chest tube needs to have lidocaine administered via the tube to help with pain control. The patient weighs 80 lbs and needs 2 mg/kg of lidocaine administered. The doctor asks that the lidocaine be diluted in an equal volume of saline. The lidocaine comes in a 2% solution. How many total milliliters will you administer into the chest? |
7.2 ml |
3.6 ml 3.0 ml 7.2 ml 2.8 ml |
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You are working on assembling drugs for a canine anesthetic/analgesic protocol for an upcoming surgery. You will be giving hydromorphone or morphine as a premedication, diazepam just before induction with propofol, and you will place a fentanyl patch after surgery in addition to carprofen for pain control. Which of these mentioned drugs does not need to be logged as a controlled substance? |
Propofol |
Diazepam Hydromorphone Morphine Fentanyl patch Propofol |
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Which neurotransmitter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system? |
Epinephrine |
Glutamate Histamine Acetylcholine Epinephrine GABA |
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A 47 pound Standard Poodle has come to your hospital for a hind limb lameness and the veterinarian would like you to give an injection of Carprofen SQ for pain. The dosage is 2.2 mg/kg. Using the image, how many milliliters will you give to this patient? |
0.9 ml |
4.6 ml 4.1 ml 2.0 ml 0.9 ml |
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Which of the following may be a sign of pain in dogs? |
Increased heart rate |
Increased heart rate Vomiting Hypotension Decreased respiratory rate |
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Why should an NSAID and a corticosteroid never be given together? |
It increases risk of serious GI ulceration |
It causes profound sedation It prevents absorption of nutrients from the intestine. It causes PU/PD It increases risk of serious GI ulceration |
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Which of the following would NOT be a potential indicator of intraoperative pain? |
Decreased blood pressure |
Increased respiratory rate Increased heart rate Increased patient movement Decreased blood pressure |
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You are recovering an 80 pound patient post-op and the dog is painful. The surgeon would like you to give a Fentanyl injection prior to starting the constant rate infusion. He asks you to give 4 micrograms per kg IV. Fentanyl concentration is 0.05 mg/mL. What quantity do you administer? |
2.9 mL |
2.9 mL 1.2 mL 0.29 mL 0.9 mL |
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Which of the following is a local anesthetic of choice for use in veterinary dentistry because it can provide 3-5 hours of pain relief? |
Bupivacaine |
Lidocaine Proparacaine Bupivacaine Preservative-free morphine |
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A 60-kg dog needs to be sedated with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol. The doctor would like a dose of 10 ug/kg for dexmedetomidine and 0.1 mg/kg for butorphanol. Dexmedetomidine comes in a 1 mg/ml solution, and butorphanol is in a 10 mg/ml solution. How many milliliters of each medication will need to be administered for the patient's sedation? |
0.6 ml of dexmedetomidine and 0.6 ml of butorphanol |
0.6 ml of dexmedetomidine and 0.6 ml of butorphanol. 0.6 ml of dexmedetomidine and 6 ml of butorphanol. 0.06 ml of dexmedetomidine and 0.3 ml of butorphanol. 60 ml of dexmedetomidine and 0.6 ml of butorphanol. |
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Which of the following narcotics does not have an antagonist against its primary action? |
Apomorphine |
Apomorphine Morphine Butorphanol Hydromorphone |
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Drugs from which of the following categories are inappropriate to inject into the epidural space? |
Antibiotics (i.e; ampicillin) |
Local anesthetics (ie; bupivacaine) Antibiotics (i.e; ampicillin) Opioids (ie; morphine) Alpha-2 agonists (ie; xylazine) Coriticosteroids (ie; methylprednisolone) |
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Which of the following analgesics most often causes vomiting as a side effect in dogs? |
Morphine |
Fentanyl Meloxicam Butorphanol Morphine |
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Blood vessels are lined with a type of epithelium known as which of the following? |
Endothelium |
Endothelium Urothelium Mesothelium Keratin |
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Buprenorphine is to be sent home with a 17 pound domestic long hair for pain following an abdominal exploratory surgery. The veterinarian would like the prescription to be 0.01 mg/kg PO QID PRN, dispense 12 syringes. If the concentration of buprenorphine is 0.3 mg/ml, what will you put on the label? |
Give 0.25 mls by mouth every 6 hours as needed for 3 days. |
Give 0.25 mls PO QID for 12 days. Give 0.25 mls by mouth every 6 hours as needed for 3 days. Give 0.56 mls by mouth every 6 hours as needed for 3 days. Give 0.25 mls three times daily for 12 days. |
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A dog presents to your hospital to have surgery for a cranial cruciate ligament rupture (see x-ray). The veterinarian wants you to place an epidural after the patient is under anesthesia and before the procedure is performed. While performing the epidural you get blood in the hub of the spinal needle. What does this mean and what should you do? |
You have entered the sinus, you should withdraw the needle and start over. |
You have entered the sinus, you should withdraw the needle and start over. You have entered the sinus and you should give only 1/2 the dose of anesthetic. You have created a hematoma going through the skin, it is ok to administer the full dose of anesthetic once the needle is in its proper place. You have created a hematoma going through the skin, you should withdraw the needle and start over. |
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"Zoe", a 40 kg Labrador Retriever is recovering after a liver mass resection. The doctor asks you to start "Zoe" on a fentanyl constant rate infusion at 4 micrograms per kilogram per hour (ug/kg/hr). The concentration of fentanyl is 0.05mg/mL. The fluid rate is currently set at 100 mL/hour. How much fentanyl will you add to a liter of Normosol-R? |
32 mL |
61 mL 8 mL 32 mL 14 mL |
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When performing a lameness examination in a horse, perineural anesthesia is used to localize the site of lameness. The most common medication used to perform perineural anesthesia in a horse is what drug? |
Lidocaine |
Ketamine Lidocaine Flunixin meglumine Phenylbutazone Butorphanol |
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A 120-pound Great Dane has presented with Gastric Dilatation Volvulus. The clinician has asked you to quickly prepare the drug protocol. As a premedication, the dog is to receive 0.08 mg/kg of Hydromorphone. How many milligrams will you administer? |
4.4mg |
2.2 mg 4.4mg 6.4 mg 9.6 mg |
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The autonomic nervous system refers to what? |
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems |
The limbic nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS). The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The peripheral nervous system (PNS). The cranial nerves. |
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The non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketoprofen, should not be used in which patients? |
Patients with renal impairment |
Patients with renal impairment Cats Horses Patients with hypertension |
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An owner has an elderly cat that has developed significant arthritis. She previously used meloxicam (Metacam) for her dog when he had arthritis. She would like to know if the doctor may prescribe the same medication for her cat. The use of metacam in cats, especially if used beyond a few days, has been known to cause which of the following complications? |
Kidney failure |
Acute hepatitis Gastrointestinal ulceration Urinary incontinence Kidney failure |
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Phenylbutazone (bute) is often used for pain relief in horses. What side effect has been associated with this drug? |
Right dorsal colitis |
Esophageal stricture Right dorsal colitis Laminitis Colonic impaction |
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A 13.2-lb cat is being sent home with an oral solution of Tramadol for post-operative pain control. At a dose of 3 mg/kg, how many milliliters should be given if the solution comes in a 5 mg/ml concentration? |
3.6 ml
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5 ml 3.6 ml 18 ml 8 ml |
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Which of the following drugs is commonly delivered via a transdermal patch? |
Fentanyl |
Fentanyl Diazepam Budesonide Butorphanol |
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What is the term that describes nerve fibers that carry an impulse TOWARD the brain? |
Afferent |
Afferent Peripheral Efferent Dendritic |
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A 38-kg Great Dane is recovering from Gastric Dilatation Volvulus surgery. The doctor would like to send him home on Tramadol. The doctor requested that a prescription be filled out for 5 days at 3 mg/kg orally three times per day. How many pills should you send home? |
30 tablets |
30 tablets 50 tablets 40 tablets 25 tablets |
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5 grams is equal to how many milligrams? |
5,000 |
0.05 5,000 500 50 |
