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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name four functions of fat, and compare the energy it provides to that of carbohydrate.
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• Provides energy
Almost unlimited supply Stored in adipose tissue Fat cells enlarge & supply 60% of body’s ongoing energy at rest • Nourishes scalp, hair & complexion • Insulates body from temperature extremes • Cushions vital organs • Phospholipids & sterols maintain structure & health of cells • The energy that fat provides is different than that of carbs in that fats provide 9 kcal and carbs provide 4 kcals per gram. |
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What is a trigylcerides composed of?
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Composed of 3 fatty acids of differing length attached to a glycerol “backbone”
Provides the majority of fat?? |
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3. Explain the term “unsaturated fat” in terms of its chemical composition. What is a polyunsaturated fat?
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Unsaturated fatty acid: a fatty acid with one or more points of unsaturation where hydrogen atoms are missing.
Unsaturated: some hydrogens are missing 1 missing = monounsaturated 2 or more missing = polyunsaturated |
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What is the process used by food manufacturers that makes fats more saturated? How does this change the characteristics of the fat?
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The process used by food manufacturers is Hydrogenation which is adding hydrogen molecules to points of unsaturation.
The characteristics of the fat become harder, prolongs the shelf life, but causes health effect of unsaturation is lost and trans fatty acids are formed. |
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Name three negative health effects of excessive dietary fat.
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Linked to obesity
Are associated with risks of some cancers Are linked to cardiovascular disease |
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Which type of fat tends to lower blood cholesterol? Which elevates it?
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Polyunsaturated fat (Omega-6 vegetable oils)lowers and or monosaturated blood cholesterol.
Saturated and Trans Fats, Dietary cholesterol elevates blood cholesterol. |
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7. Name two food groups where there is commonly a lot of hidden fat.
Where is Trans fat found |
Meats and Milk
Processed food |
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Three classes of lipids in the body are
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Phospholipids, Sterols, Triglicerides
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A triglyceride consists of
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Three fatty acids of different length and a glycerol backbone
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A Fatty Acid that has the maximum number of hydrogen molecules is a
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Saturated Fatty Acid
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The difference between a cis and trans fatty acid is
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The configuration around the double bonds
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Essential Fatty Acids among other things are responsible for
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Used to make substances that regulate blood pressure.
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Lecithins and other phospholipids in the body function as
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Emulsifiers
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To minimize the intake of saturated fats and lower risk of heart disease most people should
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Eat Less meat
Use nonhydrongenated margines Vegetable oils such as olive and canola oil Select Fat Free Milk |
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To include Omega Three Fatty acids in the diet, the American Heart Association recommends eating
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At least two fish meals per day.
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Some examles of foods with hidden fats are
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Fried foods, sauces, dips and lunch meat
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Vegetables and fish oils are rich in
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Polyunsaturated Fats
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