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301 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
b.14 was acquired in the a. axial b. sagittal c. coronal d. oblique |
c coronal |
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b.14 is an example of a. T1 b. T2 c. proton density d. T2* |
a T1 |
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arrow a is pointing to the a. trachea b. esophagus c. thyroid gland d. carotid artery |
a trachea |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. thoracic aorta d. pulmonary artery |
b aortic arch |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. superior lobe of the right lung (apex) b. superior lobe of the left lung (apex) c. middle lobe of the right lung d. middle lobe of the left lung e. inferior lobe of the right lung (base) f. inferior lobe of the left lung (base) |
a superior lobe of the right lung apex |
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on b.14 there is no signal arising from within the lung (indicated by arrows C, E and G) because a. there are no protons in air b. there is no air in the lung during image acquisition c. there are not enough mobile protons in air d. air and moving blood have the same number of protons and, therefore, both appear black |
c there are not enough mobile protons in air |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. thoracic aorta d. pulmonary artery |
d pulmonary artery |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. superior lobe of the right lung apex b. superior lobe of the left lung apex c. middle lobe of the right lung d. middle lobe of the left lung e. inferior lobe of the right lung base f. inferior lobe of the left lung base |
c middle lobe of the right lung |
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arrow F is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. thoracic aorta d. pulmonary artery |
a ascending aorta |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. superior lobe of the right lung apex b. superior lobe of the left lung apex c. middle lobe of the right lung d. middle lobe of the left lung e. inferior lobe of the right lung base f. inferior lobe of the left lung base |
e inferior lobe of the right lung base |
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arrow H is pointing to the a. base of the right lung b. apex of the right lung c. diaphragm d. right main pulmonary artery |
c diaphragm |
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arrow I is pointing to the a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle |
a right atrium |
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arrow J is pointing to the a. right apex b. left apex c. right ventricle d. left ventricle |
d left ventricle |
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to minimize pulsatile flow motion artifacts, cardiac images are acquired by a. taking the patient's pulse, calculating the heart rate in beats per minute, then entering these data into the imaging system b. cardiac gating (or triggering)-attach ECG leads, monitor the cardiac cycle, and "time" the scan or "trigger" the scan from the heart beat c. performing cardiopulmonary resuscitiation d. none of the above |
b cardiac gating |
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b.15 was acquired in the a. axial b. sagittal c. coronal d. oblique |
a axial |
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b.15 is an example of a. spin echo acquisition b. FSE c. FLAIR d. gradient echo acquistion |
d gradient echo. spin echo images, flowing blood is dark. On gradient echo images, flowing blood is bright. |
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arrow a is pointing to the a. gluteal muscles b. intercostal muscles c. spinal muscles d. pectoralis muscles |
d pectoralis muscles |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
c right ventricle |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
b tricuspid valve |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
a right atrium |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
e left ventricle |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
f bicuspid valve |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. right atrium b. tricuspid valve c. right ventricle d. left atrium e. left ventricle f. bicuspid valve |
d left atrium |
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arrow H is pointing to the a. thoracic aorta b. pulmonary artery c. spinal canal d. left atrium |
b pulmonary artery |
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arrow I is pointing to the a. thoracic aorta b. pulmonary artery c. spinal canal d. left atrium |
a thoracic aorta |
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arrow J is pointing to the a. thoracic aorta b. pulmonary artery c. spinal canal d. left atrium |
c spinal canal |
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figure b.16 arrow a is pointing to the a. right vertebral artery b. left vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery e. right carotid bifurcation |
a right vertebral artery |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. right vertebral artery b. left vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery e. right carotid bifurcation |
e right carotid bifurcation |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. right vertebral artery b. left vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery e. right carotid bifurcation |
d left common carotid artery |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. right vertebral artery b. left vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery e. right carotid bifurcation |
c right common carotid artery |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. right vertebral artery b. left vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery e. right carotid bifurcation |
d left common carotid artery |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. right subclavian artery b. left subclavian artery c. right innominate carotid artery d. left innominate carotid artery |
b left subclavian artery |
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arrow G is pointing to the a. right subclavian b. left subclavia c. right innominate artery d. left innominate artery |
c right innominate artery |
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arrow H is pointing to the a. superior vena cava b. right vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery |
c right common carotid artery |
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arrow I is pointing to the a. superior vena cava b. inferior vena cava c. pulmonary artery d. aortic arch |
a superior vena cava |
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arrow J is pointing to the a. brachiocephalic artery b. innominate artery c. right vertebral artery d. a and b |
d a and b |
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arrow K is pointing to the a. superior vena cava b. right vertebral artery c. right common carotid artery d. left common carotid artery |
l left common carotid artery |
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arrow L is pointing to the a. superior vena cava b. ivc c. pulmonary artery d. aortic arch |
d aortic arch |
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arrow M is pointing to the a. superior vena cava b. ivc c. pulmonary artery d. aortic arch |
c pulmonary artery |
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b.17 arrow a is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta d. superior mesenteric artery |
b aortic arch |
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the optimal view or views for the evaluation of the aortic arch include: 1. sagittal 2. axial 3. coronal 4. oblique a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 3 only d. 1 and 4 only |
d 1 and 4.....sagittal and oblique |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta e. pulmonary artery |
e pulmonary artery |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle e. right lung f. left lung |
e right lung |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta e. superior mesenteric artery |
d superior mesenteric artery |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. liver b. spleen c. kidney d. retroperitoneal fat |
a liver |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. liver b. spleen c. kidney d. retroperitoneal fat |
b spleen |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. liver b. spleen c. kidney d. retroperitoneal fat |
d retroperitoneal fat |
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arrow h is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta e. superior mesenteric artery |
b aortic arch |
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arrow I is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta e. superior mesenteric artery |
c descending aorta |
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arrow J is pointing to the most posterior chamber of the heart, which is the a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle e. right lung f. left lung |
b left atrium |
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arrow k is pointing to the most anterior chamber of the heart, which is a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle e. right lung f. left lung |
c right ventricle |
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arrow L is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. abdominal aorta d. superior mesenteric artery |
d superior mesenteric artery |
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arrow m is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. aortic arch c. descending aorta d. abdominal aorta e. superior mesenteric artery |
e superior mesenteric artery |
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figure b.18 the short axis views of the heart resemble images that are a. axial to the plane of the heat muscle b. sagittal to the plane of the heart muscle c. coronal to the plane of the heart muscle d. axial to the plane of the aorta |
a axial to the plane of the heart muscle |
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the LONG axis views of the heart resemble images that are a. axial to the plane of the heart muscle b. sagittal c. coronal d. axial to the plane of the aorta |
b sagittal to the plane of the heart muscle |
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the FOUR CHAMBER views of the heart resemble images that are a. axial to the plane of the heart muscle b. sagittal c. coronal d. axial to the plane of the aorta |
c coronal to the plane of the heart muscle |
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cardiac blood flow
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1. enters the heart by way of the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. Deoxyhemoglobin within the svc and ivc enters the right atrium (RA) of the heart. From the RA, blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle (RV). The RV is the most anterior chamber of the heart, located just behind the sternum. Blood from the RV travels through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary arteries.
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all arteries
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1. carry oxyhemoglobin (oxygenated or oxygen rich blood) away from the heart and to a structure EXCEPT the pulmonary arteries (PA)
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pulmonary arteries |
1. carry blood away from the heart and to a structure (the lungs) BUT this blood is deoxygenated (i.e. carrying deoxyhemoglobin) 2. deoxyhemoglobin carried by PA into the capillaries around the alveoli to obtain oxygen from the lungs and deposit carbon dioxide. then flows into venules and then the pulmonary veins to be returned to the heart |
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all veins
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1. carry deoxyhemoglobin away from a structures and to the heart EXCEPT the pulmonary veins (PV) 2. pulmonary veins carry blood to the heart and away from a structure (the lungs) but carry oxyhemoglobin. |
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the portal vein
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carries deoxyhemoglobin like other veins, but this blood travels to the liver
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from the PV
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oxygen rich blood enters the heart via the left atrium (LA). the LA is the most posterior chamber of the heart and is located just anterior to the thoracic spine, from the LA, blood flows through the bicuspid (mitral) valve, tri before you bi....cardiac valves tricuspid is between the atrium and ventricle of the right heart and tricuspid, left) from the tricuspid valve, blood flows into the left ventricle. The LV pumps blood out of the hteart and into the aorta (to supply blood to the entire body). Left ventricle is the chamber with the thickest wall
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blood leaves the heart
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by way of the aortic valve and flows into the ascending aorta. The heart feeds itself first- the first branches that arise from the ascending aorta are the coronary arteries. The right coronaries feed the right heart and the left coronaries fee the left heart. the aorta ascends superiorly and forms an "arch." three branches that arise from the arch, known as the great vessels. These vessels supply blood to the upper part of the body, including the arms, neck, and head. The blood flows through the aorta, continues around the arch, inferiorly through the thoracic aorta, and then down to the abdominal aorta
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the heart
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is oblique to the plane of the thorax
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to acquire the short axis view (axial to the plane of the heart muscle), images can be acquired__________to the line from the apex of the heart to the base of the heart.
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perpendicular
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once the short axis view is acquired, _____________(long axis or sagittal to the heart) or long axis (_______________) views can be acquired |
2 chamber sagittal to the heart |
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for __________________ views, images are acquired _______________to the interventricular septum
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long axis parallel |
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for _________________ views, images are acquired_______________ to the interventriuclar septum
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four chamber perpendicular |
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arrow A is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. right pulmonary artery c. left pulmonary artery d. descending thoracic aorta |
a ascending aorta |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. right pulmonary artery c. left pulmonary artery d. descending thoracic aorta |
c left pulmonary artery |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. right pulmonary artery c. left pulmonary artery d. descending thoracic aorta |
b right pulmonary artery |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. ascending aorta b. right pulmonary artery c. left pulmonary artery d. descending thoracic aorta |
d descending thoracic aorta |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. spinal muscles b. spinal canal c. vertebral body d. rib |
b spinal canal |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. spinal muscles b. spinal canal c. vertebral body d. rib |
d rib |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. spinal muscles b. spinal canal c. vertebral canal d. rib |
a spinal muscles |
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the gradient echo image to the right, arrow h is pointing to the a. susceptibility artifact b. bright signal from flowing blood-ascending aorta c. bright signal from flowing blood-pulmonary artery d. bright signal from flowing CSF in the spinal canal e. chemical shift artifact |
a susceptibility artifact |
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arrow j is pointing to the a. susceptibility artifact b. bright signal from flowing blood-ascending aorta c. bright signal from flowing blood-pulmonary artery d. bright signal from flowing CSF in the spinal canal e. chemical shift artifact |
c bright signal from flowing blood-pulmonary artery |
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arrow K is pointing to the a. susceptibility artifact b. bright signal from flowing blood-ascending aorta c. bright signal from flowing blood-pulmonary artery d. bright signal from flowing CSF in the spinal canal e. chemical shift artifact
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d chemical shift artifact |
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arrow l is pointing to the a. susceptibility artifact b. bright signal from flowing blood-ascending aorta c. bright signal from flowing blood-pulmonary artery d. bright signal from flowing CSF in the spinal canal e. chemical shift artifact |
e chemical shift artifact |
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figure b.20 arrow a is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
a nipple |
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the images have been acquired with a. sagittal high res imaging b. axial hi res imaging c. coronal hi res imaging d. coronal hi res e. oblique hi res imaging |
b axial hi res imaging |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
b fatty tissue of the breast |
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arrow c is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
c pectoralis muscle |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
f enhancing breast lesion |
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arrow E is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
d shading from fat suppression |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
d shading from fat suppression |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
a nipple |
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arrow h is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
e neovascularity |
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the images were acquired WITH fat suppression a. 1 and 2 b. 3,4, and 5 c. 6,7 and 8 d. 2,3,4,5,7 and 8 e. 1 and 6 |
d 2,3,4,5,7 and 8 |
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the images were acquired WITHOUT fat suppression
a. 1 and 2 b. 3,4, and 5 c. 6,7 and 8 d. 2,3,4,5,7 and 8 e. 1 and 6 |
e 1 and 6 |
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figure b.21 arrow A is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. shading from fat suppression e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
b fatty tissue of the breast |
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these images have been acquired with a. sagittal hi res b. axial hi res c. coronal hi res d. oblique hi res |
a sagittal hi res |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. ducts and lobules e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
d ducts and lobules |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. ducts and lobules e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
b fatty tissue of the breast |
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arrow e is pointing to the a. nipple b. fatty tissue of the breast c. pectoralis muscle d. ducts and lobules e. neovascularity f. enhancing breast lesion |
f enhancing breast lesion |
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on figure b.21 the following images were acquired WITH fat suppression a. 1,2 and 3 b. 4,5, and 6 c. 1 and 2 d. 3, 4,5 and 6 |
d 3,4,5 and 6 |
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the following images were acquired WITHOUT fat suppression a. 1,2 and 3 b. 4,5, and 6 c. 1 and 2 d. 3, 4,5 and 6 |
c 1 and 2 |
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figure b.22 shows high res sagittal images of the breast in a patient with silicone implants with a. fat suppression b. water suppression c. silicone suppression d. silicone, water and fat suppression |
d silicone, water and fat suppression |
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images for the evaluation of silicone implants, whereby the silicone is to appear bright, should be acquired with the application of 1. fat suppression 2. water suppression 3. silicone suppression a. 1 only b. 1 and 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 3 only e. 1,2, and 3 |
b fat suppression and water suppression |
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images for the evaluation of silicone implants, whereby the silicone is to appear dark, should be acquired with the application of 1. fat suppression 2. water suppression 3. silicone suppression a. 1 only b. 1 and 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 3 only |
c silicone suppression only |
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typical breast imaging is typically performed with |
hi res imaging protocols and with T1, T2, and gradient echo T1 fat suppressed dynamic contrast enhancement
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high res protocol include
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hi res unilateral or bilateral sagittal imaging (the so called US method) or hi res axial bilateral imaging (the so called European method or Porter method)
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what does ACR recommend?
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that hi res imaging is performed with 1 mm in plane resolution, whereby pixel size is 1 mm. also includes 3-4 mm through plane resolution whereby slice thickness is 3 or 4 mm
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silicone implants
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constructed of a polyurethane bag filled with a "sticky" substance (silicone). STIR is used to suppress fat and water sat is used to suppress water |
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breast MRI for lesions
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imaging plane: axial hi res, sagittal hi res centering breasts at isocenter image contrast: T1, T2 and T1 Gradient echo with dynamic GAD enhancement with fat suppression |
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breast MRI for implants
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imaging plane: sagittal or axial breasts at isocenter image contrast: fat and water suppression, or silicone suppression |
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figure b.23 was acquired in the a. axial b. sagittal c. coronal d. off axis oblique |
c coronal |
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is an example of a. T1 b. T2 c. spin (proton) density d. FLAIR image |
b T2 |
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arrow A is pointing to the a. left kidney b. spleen c. liver d. stomach e. right lung |
e right lung |
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was acquired with a. short TR, short TE with fat suppression b. short TR, short TE with water suppression c. long TR, long TE with fat suppression d. long TR, long TE with no suppression |
d long TR, long TE with no suppression |
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arrow b is pointing to the a. left kidney b. spleen c. liver d. stomach e. right lung |
c liver |
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arrow C is pointing to the a. left kidney b. spleen c. liver d. stomach e. right lung |
b spleen |
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arrow d is pointing to the a. right adrenal gland b. left adrenal gland c. liver d. stomach e. crux of diaphragm |
e crux of the diaphragm
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arrow e is pointing to the a. right adrenal gland b. left adrenal gland c. liver d. stomach e. crux of diaphragm |
a right adrenal gland |
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arrow f is pointing to the a. kidney b. spleen c. liver d. stomach e. right lung |
a kidney |
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arrow g is pointing to the a. psoas muscle b. rectus abdominus muscle c. oblique abdominal muscle d. gluteal muscle |
a psoas muscle |
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arrow h is pointing to the a. psoas muscle b. rectus abdominus muscle c. oblique abdominal muscle d. gluteal muscle |
c oblique abdominal muscle |
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the high signal arising with the abdomen, indicated by arrow I, represents a. peritonitis b. CSF in the spinal canal c. abdominal ascites d. retroperitoneal fat |
B CSF in the spinal canal |
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arrow J is pointing to the a. psoas muscle b. rectus abdominus muscle c. oblique abdominal muscle d. gluteal muscle |
d gluteal muscle |
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The FDA approved (iron oxide) oral contrast agent used for MRI makes bowel appear a. bright on T1/bright on T2 b. Dark on T1/dark on T2 c. bright on T1/dark on T2 d. dark on T1/bright on T2 |
b dark on T1 dark on T2 |
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figure b.24 was acquired in the a. axial b. sagittal c. coronal d. off axis oblique |
a axial |
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b.24 is a gradient echo image acquired with a. fat suppression b. water suppression c. no suppression tecnique d. silicone suppression |
a fat suppression |
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arrow a is pointing to the a. abdominal muscles b. stomach c. bowel d. liver e. spleen |
a muscles |
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arrow b a. abdominal muscles b. stomach c. bowel d. liver e. spleen |
b stomach |
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arrow c a. abdominal muscles b. stomach c. bowel d. liver e. spleen |
d liver |
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arrow d a. abdominal muscles b. stomach c. bowel d. liver e. spleen |
c bowel |
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arrow e a. portal vein b. aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. hepatic artery |
a portal vein |
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arrow f a. portal vein b. aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. hepatic artery |
b aorta |
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arrow g a. portal vein b. aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. hepatic artery |
c vertebral body |
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arrow h a. portal vein b. aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. hepatic artery |
d spinal cord |
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arrow I a. abdominal muscles b. stomach c. bowel d. liver e. spleen |
e spleen |
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due to it's size and orientation within the body, the entire pancreas can possibly be visualized on one imaging section if it is acquired a. coronally with thin sections b. sagittally with thin imaging sections c. axially with thin imaging sections d. obliquely with thin imaging sections |
d obliquely with thin imaging sections |
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on T2 weighted images, hemangiomas of the liver appear a. hyperintense to normal liver b. hypointense to normal liver c. isointense d. only with contrast enhancement |
a hyperintense to normal liver |
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figure b.25. arrow a a. subcutaneous fat b. abdominal muscles c. superior mesenteric artery d. abdominal aorta |
a subcutaneous fat |
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arrow b a. subcutaneous fat b. abdominal muscles c. superior mesenteric artery d. abdominal aorta |
b abdominal muscles |
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arrow c a. stomach b. abdominal muscles c. transverse colon d. superior mesenteric artery e. abdominal aorta |
c transverse colon |
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arrow d a. superior mesenteric artery b. abdominal aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. erector spinae muscles |
a superior mesenteric artery |
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arrow e a. pancreas b. liver c. spleen d. adrenal gland e. kidney |
d adrenal gland |
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arrow f a. superior mesenteric artery b. abdominal aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord e. erector spinae muscles |
b abdominal aorta |
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arrow g a. superior mesenteric artery b. abdominal aorta c. vertebral body d. spinal cord |
c vertebral body |
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arrow h a. right kidney b. left kidney c. right adrenal gland d. left adrenal gland e. pancreas |
a right kidney |
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arrow I a. vertebral body b. spinal cord c. spinal canal d. erector spinae muscles |
c spinal canal |
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arrow J a. vertebral body b. spinal cord c. spinal canal d. erector spinae muscles |
b spinal cord |
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arrow k a. vertebral body b. spinal cord c. spinal canal d. erector spinae muscles |
d erector spinae muscles |
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b.26. arrow a a. liver b. spleen c. gallbladder d. head of the pancreas e. body of the pancreas f. tail of the pancreas |
a liver |
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arrow b a. liver b. spleen c. gallbladder d. head of the pancreas e. body of the pancreas f. tail of the pancreas |
c gallbladder |
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arrow c a. liver b. spleen c. gallbladder d. head of the pancreas e. body of the pancreas f. tail of the pancreas |
d tail of the pancreas |
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arrow d a. liver b. spleen c. gallbladder d. head of the pancreas e. body of the pancreas f. tail of the pancreas |
f tail of the pancreas |
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arrow e a. liver b. spleen c. gallbladder d. head of the pancreas e. body of the pancreas f. tail of the pancreas |
b spleen |
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arrow f a. liver b. spleen c. stomach d. colon e. gallbladder |
d colon |
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arrow g a. gallbladder b. head of the pancreas c. body of the pancreas d. tail of the pancreas |
c body of the pancreas |
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arrow h a. gallbladder b. abdominal aorta c. right kidney d. left kidney e. adrenal gland |
b abdominal aorta |
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arrow I a. gallbladder b. abdominal aorta c. right kidney d. left kidney e. adrenal gland |
c right kidney |
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arrow J a. gallbladder b. abdominal aorta c. right kidney d. left kidney e. adrenal gland |
d left kidney |
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figure b.27. arrow a a. liver b. abdominal aorta c. spleen d. gallbladder e. right kidney |
a liver |
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arrow b a. liver b. abdominal aorta c. spleen d. gallbladder e. right kidney |
b abdominal aorta |
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arrow c a. liver b. abdominal aorta c. spleen d. gallbladder e. right kidney |
c spleen |
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arrow d a. liver b. abdominal aorta c. spleen d. gallbladder e. right kidney |
e right kidney |
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arrow e a. rectus abdominus muscles b. oblique muscles c. psoas muscles d. gluteal muscles |
c psoas muscles |
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arrow f a. cruz of the diaphragm b. adrenal gland c. right kidney d. left kidney e. pancreas |
a cruz of the diaphragm |
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arrow g a. cruz of the diaphragm b. adrenal gland c. right kidney d. left kidney e. pancreas |
b adrenal gland |
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arrow h a. cruz of the diaphragm b. adrenal gland c. right kidney d. left kidney e. pancreas |
d left kidney |
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arrow I a. rectus abdominus muscles b. oblique muscles c. psoas muscles d. lumbar vertebral body e. intervertebral disk |
d lumbar vertebral body |
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arrow j a. rectus abdominus muscles b. oblique muscles c. psoas muscles d. lumbar vertebral body e. intervertebral disk |
e intervertebral disk |
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figure b.28 shows images during various phases of contrast enhancement, including early (arterial-first pass), intermediate (cortico venous phase-second pass), and delayed phases (third pass). arterial phase imaging demonstrates all of the following characteristics EXCEPT a. spleen is hyperintense to the liver b. spleen is mottled or marbled enhancement c. only the cortex of the kidneys is enhanced d. the spleen and liver have the same signal intensity (isointense) |
d the spleen and liver have the same signal intensity |
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b.28 shows images during various phases of contrast enhancement. Most liver cancers are "arterially fed" and therefore are visualized on a. first pass b. second pass c. delayed images d. all phases |
a first pass |
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b.28 show images during various phases of contrast enhancement. hemangiomas are "benign" lesions (typically watch and wait lesions) that are venous fed, and therefore are visualized on a. first pass b. second pass c. delayed images d. all phases |
c delayed imaging |
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patient positioning for abdominal MR images includes all of the following positions EXCEPT a. supine, head first within the head coil b. supine, head first with torso array coil c. supine, feet first within the torso array coil d. prone, feet first within the torso array coil |
a supine head first within the head coil |
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b.29 arrow a a. abdominal aorta b. celiac artery c. splenic artery d. hepatic artery e. inferior vena cava (IVC) |
a abdominal aorta |
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arrow b a. celiac artery b. splenic artery c. hepatic artery d. superior mesenteric artery e. spinal artery |
b splenic artery |
|
arrow c a. celiac artery b. splenic artery c. hepatic artery d. superior mesenteric artery e. spinal artery |
a celiac artery |
|
arrow d a. abdominal aorta b. celiac artery c. splenic artery d. hepatic artery e. superior mesenteric artery |
d hepatic artery |
|
arrow e a. celiac artery b. splenic artery c. hepatic artery d. superior mesenteric artery e. internal iliac artery |
d SMA |
|
arrow f a. superior mesenteric artery b. right renal artery c. left renal artery d. spinal artery e. femoral artery |
b right renal artery |
|
arrow g a. hepatic artery b. superior mesenteric artery c. right renal artery d. left renal artery |
d left renal artery |
|
arrow h a. splenic artery b. right renal artery c. left renal artery d. spinal artery e. common iliac artery |
d spinal artery |
|
arrow I a. abdominal aorta b. celiac artery c. common iliac artery d. internal iliac artery e. external iliac artery |
c common iliac artery |
|
arrow J a. common iliac artery b. internal iliac artery c. external iliac artery d. femoral artery |
c external iliac artery |
|
arrow k a. spinal artery b. common iliac artery c. internal iliac artery d. external iliac artery e. femoral artery |
c internal iliac artery |
|
vascular imaging of the abdominal vasculature is typically acquired with A. 2D TOF MRA B. 3D TOF MRA C. 2D OC MRA D. 3D PC MRA E. CONTRAST ENHANCED (ce) MRA |
E contrast enhanced MRA |
|
b.30. arrow a a. abdominal aorta b. inferior vena cava c. femoral vein d. portal vein e. iliac artery |
a abdominal aorta |
|
arrow b a. femoral vein b. portal vein c. splenic vein d. renal vein e. iliac artery |
a femoral vein |
|
arrow c a. femoral vein b. portal vein c. splenic vein d. renal vein e. superior mesenteric vein |
b portal vein |
|
arrow d a. portal vein b. splenic vein c. renal vein d. superior mesenteric vein |
c renal vein |
|
arrow e a. portal vein b. splenic vein c. renal vein d. superior mesenteric vein e. iliac artery |
d superior mesenteric vein |
|
arrow f a. abdominal aorta b. inferior vena cava c. femoral vein d. portal vein e. iliac artery |
b inferior vena cava |
|
arrow G a. abdominal aorta b. inferior vena cava c. femoral vein d. portal vein e. iliac artery |
e iliac artery |
|
vascular imaging of the venous abdominal vasculature is typically acquired with a. 2D TOF mra b. 3D TOF mra c. 2D OC mra d. 3D PC mra e. contrast enhanced MRA-delayed |
e contrast enhanced MRA delayed |
|
b.31 illustrated vascular imaging of the abdominal vasculature and runoff. This acquisition is acquired with dynamic contrast enhancement and a. stationary table placement b. table stepping from the abdomen down to the legs c. table stepping from the legs up to the abdomen d. with no specific table movement |
b table stepping from the abdomen down to the legs |
|
arrow a a. abdominal aorta b. common iliac artery c. internal iliac artery d. external iliac artery |
a abdominal aorta |
|
arrow b a. abdominal aorta b. abdominal aorta aneurysm c. common iliac artery d. internal iliac artery |
b abdominal aorta aneruysm |
|
arrow c a. abdominal aorta b. common iliac artery c. internal iliac artery d. external iliac artery e. femoral artery |
b common iliac artery |
|
arrow d a. common iliac artery b. internal iliac artery c. external iliac artery d. femoral artery |
d femoral artery |
|
arrow e a. common iliac artery b. internal iliac artery c. external iliac artery d. common femoral artery e. superficial femoral artery |
d common femoral artery |
|
arrow f a. common iliac artery b. vascular occlusion c. femoral artery d. popliteal artery |
b vascular occlusion |
|
arrow g a. popliteal artery b. anterior tibialis artery c. posterior tibialis artery d. peroneus brevus artery |
a popliteal artery |
|
arrow h a. popliteal artery b. anterior tibialis artery c. posterior tibialis artery d. peroneus brevus artery |
c posterior tibialis artery |
|
arrow I a. popliteal artery b. anterior tibialis artery c. posterior tibialis artery d. peroneus brevus artery |
b anterior tibialis artery |
|
arrow J a. popliteal artery b. anterior tibialis artery c. posterior tibialis artery d. peroneus brevus artery |
c posterior tibialis artery |
|
arrow K a. popliteal artery b. anterior tibialis artery c. posterior tibialis artery d. peroneus brevus artery |
d peroneus brevus artery |
|
b.32. arrow a a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine e. sacrum |
a subcutaneous fat |
|
arrow b a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine |
b rectus abdominus muscles |
|
arrow c b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine e. sacrum |
e sacrum |
|
arrow d a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine e. bowel |
e bowel |
|
arrow e a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
b myometrium |
|
arrow f a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
c junctional zone |
|
arrow g a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
a fundus |
|
arrow h a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
d endometrium |
|
arrow I a. fundus b. endometrium c. cervix d. bladder e. rectum |
d bladder |
|
arrow J a. uterus b. junctional zone c. endometrium d. cervix e. bladder |
d cervix |
|
arrow k a. uterus b. fundus c. cervix d. bladder e. rectum |
e rectum |
|
b.33. arrow a a. spinal canal b. subcutaneous fat c. rectus abdominus muscles d. lumbar spine e. sacrum |
a spinal canal |
|
arrow b a. rectus abdominus muscles b. oblique muscles c. gluteal muscles d. fallopian tubes e. ovaries |
c gluteal muscles |
|
arrow c a. spinal canal b. subcutaneous fat c. lumbar spine d. sacrum e. bowel |
d sacrum |
|
arrow d a. lumbar spine b. sacrum c. bowel d. ilium e. gluteal muscles |
d ilium |
|
arrow e a. uterus b. fundus c. cervix d. fallopian tubes e. ovaries |
e ovaries |
|
arrow f a. uterus b. fundus c. cervix d. fallopian tubes e. ovaries |
d fallopian tubes |
|
arrow g a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
c junctional zone |
|
arrow H a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
d endometrium |
|
arrow I a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
b myometrium |
|
arrow J a. bowel b. uterus c. bladder d. rectum |
c bladder |
|
arrow k a. rectus abdominus muscles b. lumbar spine c. sacrum d. femoral head |
d femoral head |
|
b.34. arrow a a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine |
a subcutaneous fat |
|
arrow b a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. lumbar spine e. sacrum |
b rectus abdominus muscles |
|
arrow c a. uterus b. fundus c. myometrium d. junctional zone e. endometrium |
e endometrium |
|
arrow d a. uterus b. fundus c. myometrium d. junctional zone e. endometrium |
d junctional zone |
|
arrow e a. uterus b. fundus c. myometrium d. endometrium e. cervix |
d endometrium |
|
arrow f a. subcutaneous fat b. rectus abdominus muscles c. oblique muscles d. roof of the acetabulum |
d roof of the acetabulum |
|
arrow g a. fundus b. myometrium c. junctional zone d. endometrium e. cervix |
e cervix |
|
arrow h a. rectus abdominus muscles b. uterus c. bladder d. rectum e. femoral head |
d rectum |
|
for female pelvic imaging, the best view for the evaluation of the uterus is a. sagittal b. axial c. coronal d. oblique |
a sagittal |
|
for female pelvic imaging, the best view to evaluate the ovaries is a. sagittal b. axial c. coronal d. oblique |
c coronal |
|
b.35. arrow a a. symphysis pubis b. pubic bone c. rectum d. bladder |
a symphysis pubis |
|
arrow b a. symphysis pubis b. pubic bone c. central glad of the prostate d. rectum |
b pubic bone |
|
arrow c a. central gland of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate (with cancer) c. peripheral zone of the prostate (without cancer) d. neurovascular bundle e. rectum |
a central gland of the prostate |
|
arrow d a. central gland of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate (with cancer) c. peripheral zone of the prostate (without cancer) d. neurovascular bundle e. rectum |
b peripheral zone of the prostate with cancer |
|
arrow e a. central gland of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate (with cancer) c. peripheral zone of the prostate (without cancer) d. neurovascular bundle e. rectum |
c peripheral zone of the prostate without cancer |
|
arrow f a. symphysis pubis b. pubic bone c. neurovascular bundle d. obturator internus muscle e. rectum |
c neurovascular bundle |
|
arrow g a. symphysis pubis b. pubic bone c. neurovascular bundle d. obturator internus muscle e. rectum |
d obturator internus muscle |
|
arrow h a. pubic bone b. central gland of the prostate c. rectum d. bladder e. prostatic urethra |
c rectum |
|
b. 36. arrow a a. neurovascular bundle b. rectum c. bladder d. seminal vesicles |
c bladder |
|
arrow b a. seminal vesicles b. vas deferens c. prostatic urethra d. base of the prostate e. apex of the prostate |
a seminal vesicles |
|
arrow c a. seminal vesicles b. vas deferens c. prostatic urethra d. base of the prostate e. apex of the prostate |
b vas deferens |
|
arrow d a. central gland of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate with cancer c. peripheral zone of the prostate without cancer d. neurovascular bundle |
a central gland of the prostate |
|
arrow e a. neurovascular bundle b. vas deferens c. prostatic urethra d. base of the prostate e. apex of the prostate |
d base of the prostate |
|
arrow f a. symphysis pubis b. pubic bone c. obturator internus muscle d. gluteal muscles |
c obturator internus muscles |
|
arrow g a. neurovascular bundle b. vas deferens c. prostatic urethra d. base of the prostate e. apex of the prostate |
e apex of the prostate |
|
arrow H a. symphysis pubis b. seminal vesicles c. vas deferens d. prostatic urethra |
d prostatic urethra |
|
b.37. arrow a a. bowel gas b. symphysis pubis c. pubic bone d. rectum e. bladder |
a bowel gas |
|
arrow b a. central glad of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate c. neurovascular bundle d. seminal vesicles |
d seminal vesicles |
|
arrow c a. symphysis pubis b. rectum c. pubic bone d. bladder |
b rectum |
|
arrow d a. bowel gas b. bladder c. symphysis pubis d. pubic bone e. central gland of the prostate f. rectum |
b bladder |
|
arrow e a. vas deferens b. prostatic urethra c. base of the prostate d. apex of the prostate |
c base of the prostate |
|
arrow f a. central gland of the prostate b. peripheral zone of the prostate c. seminal vesicles d. base of the prostate e. apex of the prostate |
b peripheral zone of the prostate |
|
arrow g a. symphysis pubis b. central gland of the prostate c. peripheral zone of the prostate d. obturator internus muscle e. apex of the prostate |
e apex of the prostate |
|
arrow h a. symphysis pubis b. central gland of the prostate c. obturator internus muscle d. gluteal muscles |
a symphysis pubis |
|
since joints are situated obliquely within the body, mr imaging is acquired in the a. sag b. axial c. coronal d. oblique |
d oblique |
|
b.38. arrow a a. frontal lobe b. parietal lobe c. temporal lobe d. sylvian fissure |
a frontal lobe |
|
arrow b a. frontal lobe b. parietal lobe c. temporal lobe d. sylvian fissure |
c temporal lobe |
|
arrow c a. frontal lobe b. parietal lobe c. temporal lobe d. condyle of the mandible e. mandible |
c temporal lobe |
|
arrow d a. frontal lobe b. parietal lobe c. temporal lobe d. meniscus |
d meniscus |
|
arrow e a. sylvian fissure b. parietal bone c. temporal bone d. condyle of the mandible e. meniscus |
d condyle of the mandible |
|
arrow f a. frontal lobe b. sylvian fissure c. parietal lobe d. temporal lobe |
b sylvian fissure |
|
arrow g a. eminence b. condyle of the mandible c. meniscus d. mandibular fossa |
a eminence |
|
arrow h a. meniscus b. eminence c. mandibular fossa d. external auditory meatus |
a meniscus |
|
arrow I a. condyle of the mandible b. mandibular fossa c. external auditory meatus d. temporal bone (fossa) e. mandible |
c external auditory meatus |
|
b.38 shows images of the TMJ for the evaluation of range of motion, whereby images are acquired a. open mouth only b. closed mouth only c. open and closed d. with the mouth in a neutral position |
c open and closed |
|
TMJ imaging is acquired with oblique acquisition. the sag oblique images are acquired with slices: a. perpendicular to the mandibular condyle b. parallel to the mandibular condyle c. along the parietal lobe d. perpendicular to the cervical spine |
a perpendicular to the mandibular condyle |
|
TMJ imaging is acquired with oblique acquisition. The coronal oblique images are acquired with slices: a. perpendicular to the condyle b. parallel to the mandibular condyle c. along the parietal lobe d. perpendicular to the cervical spine |
b parallel to the mandibular condyle |
|
b.39. arrow a a. rectus muscles b. temporal lobe c. sylvian fissure d. condyle of the mandible e. meniscus |
a rectus muscles |
|
arrow b a. rectus muscles b. parietal bone c. temporal bone d. condyle of the mandible |
c temporal bone |
|
arrow c a. rectus muscles b. temporal lobe c. condyle of the mandible d. meniscus |
d meniscus |
|
arrow d a. parietal bone b. temporal bone c. condyle of the mandible d. mandibular fossa |
c condyle of the mandible |
|
shoulder imaging is acquired with oblique acquisition. The coronal images with slices a. along the supraspinatus muscle (upper right-top) b. perpendicular to the glenoid fossa (upper right-bottom) c. straight coronal d. a or b |
d a or b |
|
b.40. arrow a a. trapezius muscle b. deltoid muscle c. scaphoid subscapularis muscle d. subscapularis muscle e. biceps muscle |
a trapezius muscle |
|
arrow b a. humeral head b. acromion c. clavicle d. acromio-clavicular joint |
b acromion |
|
arrow c a. trapezius b. deltoid c. supraspinatus muscle d. infraspinatus muscle e. subscapularis muscle |
c supraspinatus muscle |
|
arrow d a. trapezius muscle b. deltoid muscle c. rotator cuff d. subscapularis muscle |
c rotator cuff |
|
the structures that make up the rotator cuff include the: 1. trapezius muscle 2. supraspinatus muscle and tendon 3. infraspinatus muscle and tendon 4. teres minor muscle and tendon 5. subscapularis muscle and tendon 6. deltoid muscle a. 1 and 6 b. 1,2, 3, and 4 c. 2,3,4 and 5 d. 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 |
c 2,3,4, and 5 |
|
b.40 arrow e a. trapezius muscle b. deltoid muscle c. rotator cuff d. biceps muscle |
b deltoid muscle |
|
arrow f a. rotator cuff b. glenoid fossa c. acromio clavicular joint d. biceps muscle |
b glenoid fossa |
|
arrow g a. rotator cuff b. humeral head c. acromion d. clavicle e. AC joint |
b humeral head |
|
arrow h a. trapezius muscle b. supraspinatus muscle c. infraspinatus muscle d. teres minor muscle e. subscapularis muscle |
e subscapularis muscle |
|
b.41. arrow a a. acromion b. clavicle c. AC joint d. humeral head |
a acromion |
|
arrow b a. acromion b. clavicle c. AC joint d. humeral head |
c AC joint |
|
arrow c a. acromion b. clavicle c. AC joint d. humeral head |
b clavicle |
|
arrow d a. supraspinatus tendon b. infraspinatus tendon c. teres minor tendon d. subscapularis tendon e. biceps muscle |
a supraspinatus tendon |
|
arrow e a. supraspinatus tendon b. infraspinatus tendon c. teres minor tendon d. subscapularis tendon e. biceps muscle |
b infraspinatus tendon |
|
arrow f a. supraspinatus tendon b. infraspinatus tendon c. teres minor tendon d. subscapularis tendon e. biceps muscle |
c teres minor tendon |
|
arrow g a. supraspinatus tendon b. infraspinatus tendon c. teres minor tendon d. subscapularis tendon e. biceps muscle |
d subscapularis tendon |
|
arrow h a. rotator cuff b. acromion c. clavicle d. humeral head e. biceps muscle |
d humeral head |
|
arrow I a. trapezius muscle b. deltoid muscle c. suscapularis d. biceps muscle |
d biceps muscle |
|
b.42. arrow a a. pectoralis muscle b. subscapularis tendon c. lung d. deltoid muscle |
a pectoralis muscle |
|
arrow b a. pectoralis muscle b. subscapularis tendon c. lung d. subscapularis muscle e. glenoid fossa |
b subscapularis tendon |
|
arrow c a. pectoralis muscle b. subscapularis tendon c. lung d. deltoid muscle |
c lung |
|
arrow d a. pectoralis muscle b. subscapularis tendon c. lung d. deltoid muscle e. subscapularis muscle |
d deltoid muscle |
|
arrow e a. rotator cuff b. humeral head c. acromion d. clavicle e. scapula |
b humeral head |
|
arrow f a. trapezius muscle b. subscapularis muscle c. infraspinatus muscle d. teres minor muscle |
b subscapularis muscle |
|
arrow g a. glenoid fossa b. rotator cuff c. AC joint d. biceps muscle |
a glenoid fossa |
|
arrow h a. subscapularis muscle b. supraspinatus muscle c. infraspinatus muscle d. teres minor muscle |
c infraspinatus muscle |
|
arrow I a. scapula b. rotator cuff c. humeral head d. acromion e. clavicle |
a scapula |