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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What term describes an upward fold in rock layers with the oldest layer in thecenter of the fold?
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Anticline
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What type of stress squeezes crustal rocks together?
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Compression
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What describes the bending, tilting, and breaking of the Earth's crust?
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Deformation
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What describes a break in rock along which rocks on either side of the break move?
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Fault
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What is the surface of a fault along which movement of rock occurs?
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Fault plane
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Permanent deformation or bending of a rock under stress.
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Folding
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In a nonvertical fault, the rock below the fault plane.
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Footwall
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Break in rock along which there is no movement.
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Fracture
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In a nonvertical fault, the rock above the fault plane.
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Hanging Wall
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Balancing of forces pressing up and down on the Earth's crust.
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Isostasy
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Up-and-down movements of earth's crust to reach isostasy.
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Isostatic Adjustment
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A fold in rock layer in which both limbs remain horizontal.
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Monocline
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Fault in which hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
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Normal Fault
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Fault in which hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
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Reverse Fault
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Stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions.
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Shearing
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The amount of force placed on a given material.
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Stress
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Fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides horizontally.
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Strike-Slip Fault
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Downcurved fold in rock layers with the youngest layer in the center.
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Syncline
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Stress that pulls rocks apart.
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Tension
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Type of reverse fault in which the fault plane is nearly horizontal rather than vertical.
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Thrust Fault
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Landform created when molten rock pushes up rock layers on the Earth's surface and the layers then are worn away in places, leaving separate high peaks.
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Dome Mountain(s)
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Mountains formed where faulting breaks the Earth's crust into large blocks that become tilted, causing some blocks to drop down relative to other blocks.
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Fault-Block Mountain(s)
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Landform created whe tectonic movements bend and uplift rock layers.
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Folded Mountain(s)
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Long,narrow valley formed by faulting and downward slippage of a crustal block.
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Graben
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Group of large mountain systems.
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Mountain Belt
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Group of adjacent mountains with the same general shape and structure.
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Mountain Range
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Group of adjacent mountain ranges.
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Mountain System
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Large area of flat-topped rocks high above sea level.
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Plateau
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Mountain formed when molten rock erupts onto the Earth's surface.
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Volcanic Mountain
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