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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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page 191, Define: acne
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A chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by, comedones and blemishes: also known as acne simplex or acne vulgaris
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page 190, Define: acne excoriee
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A disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration
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page 194, Define: actinic keratosis
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pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough, usually as a result of sun damage
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page 194, Define: albinism
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the absence of melanin pigment in the body, including skin, hair, and eyes; the albino person is at risk for cancer development, is sensitive to light, and ages early without normal melanin protection ( the technical term for albinism is congenital leukoderma)
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page 192, Define: anhidrosis
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a deficiency in perspiration, often a result of a fever or skin disease, which requires medical treatment
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page 191, Define: asteatosis
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dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, which can be due to aging, body disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure
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page 192, Define: atopic dermatitis
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Dermatitis is genetically related to overactive immune systems, and is prevalent in people with nasal allergies and asthma
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page 195, Define: bacterial conjunctivitis
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pink eye
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page 196, Define: basal cell carcinoma
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the most common and least severe type of skin cancer, which often appears as light, pearly nodules
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page 192, Define: bromhidrosis
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foul-smelling perspiration oh, usually in the armpits or on the feet
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page 188, Define: bulla (bullae)
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a large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle, but larger
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page 193, Define: chloasma
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increased pigmentation; liver spots
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page 191, Define: comedone
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an open, do or black head; a mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle. When the follicle is filled with an excess of oil, a blackhead forms. It is dark because it is exposed to oxygen and oxidizes. Closed, comedones do not have a follicular opening and are called milia or whiteheads
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page 192, Define: contact dermatitis
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An allergic reaction from contact with a substance or chemicals. Poison ivy is a form of allergic contact dermatitis. Earrings cause irritation contact dermatitis. Occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemical Solutions can cause contact dermatitis, or dermatitis venenata. Contact with chemicals can cause skin sensitivity or disorders. Allergies and skin eruptions are common.
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page 190, Define: crust
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Dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidural material. An example is the scab on a sore
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page 188, Define: cyst
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a closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin.
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page 192, Define: dermatitis
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Any inflammatory condition of the skin. Various forms of lesions, such as eczema, vesicles, or papules. A type of allergic dermatitis is caused by food, substances, objects, or drugs
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page 187, Define: dermatologist
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physician who treats skin disorders and diseases
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page 187, Define: Dermatology
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branch of science that studies and treats the skin and its disorders
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page 192, Define: eczema
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an inflammatory, painful itching disease of the skin, acute or chronic in nature, with dry or moist lesions. This should be referred to a physician. Seborrheic dermatitis, mainly affecting oily areas, is a common form of eczema
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page 193, Define: edema
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swelling caused by a response to injury or infection
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page 193, Define: erythema
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redness caused by inflammation; a red lesion is erythemic
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page 190, Define: excoriation
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a skin disorder or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
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page 191, Define: fissure
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a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. chapped lips or hands are fissures
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page 191, Define: furuncle
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a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; also called boils, furuncles are caused by bacteria from the hair follicles
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page 195, Define: herpes simplex virus
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Fever blisters or cold sores; a recurring viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils. It is a contagious disease
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page 192, Define: hyperhidrosis
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excessive perspiration caused by heat or body weakness. Medical treatment is required
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page 194, Define: hyperkeratosis
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a thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells (keratinocytes)
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page 193, Define: hyperpigmentation
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Overproduction of pigment
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page 194, Define: hypertrophy
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an abnormal growth; many are benign, or harmless
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page 194, Define: hypopigmentation
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lack of pigment
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page 196, Define: impetigo
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a bacterial infection, often occurring and children, characterized by clusters of small blisters
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page 191, Define: keloid
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a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue; collagen
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page 194, Define: keratinocytes
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keratinized cells
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page 194, Define: keratoma
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an acquired, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus caused by pressure or friction is a keratoma
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page 194, Define: keratosis pilaris
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redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms from blocked follicles. Exfoliation can help unblock follicles and alleviate the rough feeling
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page 193, Define: lentigenes
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freckles; small yellow / brown colored spots. lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic, or solar, lentigens. Patches are referred to as large macules
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page 188, Define: lesions
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structural changes in tissue caused by damage or injury
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page 194, Define: leukoderma
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Light abnormal patches caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells. Vitiligo and albinism are leucodermis
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page 188, Define: macule
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a flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle. macules are neither raised or sunken
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page 195, Define: malignant melanoma
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The most serious form of skin cancer. Black or dark patches on the skin are usually uneven in texture, Jagged, or raised
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page 193, Define: melasma
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term for hyperpigmentation; pregnancy mask is often called melasma. This is triggered by hormonal changes and can fade with time
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page 191, Define: milia
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also called whiteheads, milia are whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. Malia are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing
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page 192, Define: Miliaria rubra
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Prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure
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page 194, Define: mole
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a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to blue black. Some are flat, resembling freckles; others are raised and darker. Hares and moles are common and should not be removed. Changes in mole color or shape need to be checked out by a physician
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page 193, Define: nevus
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a birthmark or mole; malformation of the skin from abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries
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page 188, Define: nodules
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also referred to as tumors, but our smaller bumps caused by conditions such a scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections
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page 188, Define: papule
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a pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop pus
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page 193, Define: perioral dermatitis
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an acne-like condition around the mouth. These are mainly small clusters of papules which could be caused by toothpaste or products used on the face
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page 188, Define: primary lesions
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primary lesions are characterized by flat, non-palpable changes in skin color such as macules or patches, or an elevation formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles, bullae, or pustules
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page 193, Define: psoriasis
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A skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white silver scales. It is caused by an over proliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. immune dysfunction could be the cause. Psoriasis is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back
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page 188, Define: pustule
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an inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris produced from an infection
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page 196, Define: retention hyperkeratosis
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Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells do not shed from the follicles as they do on normal skin
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page 191, Define: rosacea
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a chronic congestion primarily on the cheeks and nose. Characterized by redness, dilation of the blood vessels, and in severe cases, the formation of papules or pustules. The cause is unknown, but may be due to bacteria, mites, or fungus. Vascular dilation, vasodilation, of the blood vessels makes it worse
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page 191, Define: scale
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Flaky skin cells, any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily. An example is abnormal or excessive dandruff
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page 191, Define: scar
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Light-colored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed up. The tissue hardens to heal the injury. Elevate its stars are hypertrophic, such as a keloid
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page 197, Define: sebaceous filament
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similar to open, comedones, these are mainly solidified impactions of oil without the cell matter
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page 191, Define: sebaceous hyperplasias
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Benign lesions frequently seen in our areas of the face. An overgrowth of the sebaceous gland, they appear similar to open, comedones; often donut-shaped, with sebaceous material in the center
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page 192, Define: seborrhea
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severe oiliness of the skin; and abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands
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page 192, Define: seborrhoeic dermatitis
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Common form of eczema
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page 194, Define: skin tag
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small outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps. They are benign and are comment under the arms or on the neck
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page 195, Define: squamous cell carcinoma
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more serious than basal cell carcinoma, it is characterized by scaly red papules or nodules
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page 193, Define: stain
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Brown or wine-colored discoloration. Stains occur after certain diseases, or after moles, freckles, or liver spots disappear. A port wine stain is a birthmark, which is a vascular type of nevus
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page 192, Define: steatoma
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a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor. It is filled with sebum and ranges in size from a pea to an orange. It usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; also called a wen
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page 193, Define: tan
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a change in pigmentation due to melanin production as a defense against uv-rays
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page 196, Define: tinea
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fungal infection
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page 196, Define: tinea corporis
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ringworm
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page 196, Define: tinea versicolor
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yeast infection inhibiting melanin production
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page 188, Define: tubercle
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an abnormal rounded solid lump; larger than a papule
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page 188, Define: tumor
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swelling; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication, varying in size, shape, and color
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page 191, Define: ulcer
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open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. A deep erosion; a depression in the skin normally from infection or cancer
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page 190, Define: urticaria
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hives
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page 191, Define: vasodilation
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vascular dilation of blood vessels
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page 194, Define: verruca
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a wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus. It is infectious and contagious. Verruca can spread
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page 188, Define: vesicles
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a small blister or sac containing clear fluid. Poison ivy and poison oak produce vesicles
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page 194, Define: vitiligo
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white spots or areas on the skin from lack of pigment cells; sunlight makes it worse
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page 190, Define: wheal
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An itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or sting. Hives and mosquito bites are wheals. Hives can be caused by exposure to allergens used in products
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Page 188, Name at least 6 of the primary lesions. (9)
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bulla, cyst, macule, papule, pustule, tubercle, tumor, vesicles, wheal
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Page 165, How do you identify skin cancers?
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Using the ABCD cancer checklist. asymmetry, border, color, diameter
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page 195, What are the three types of skin cancer?
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basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma oh, malignant melanoma
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page 190, Name at least 5 of the secondary lesions (7)
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crust, excoriation, fissure, keloid, scale, scar, ulcer
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page 191, Name at least 6 sebaceous gland disorders (9)
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acne, asteatosis, comedone, furuncle, milia, rosacea, sebaceous hyperplasia, seborrhea, steatoma
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page 192, List at least 6 inflammations of the skin (9)
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Atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dermatitis, eczema, edema, erythema, herpes simplex, perioral dermatitis, psoriasis
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page 193, List at least 3 types of hyperpigmentation (6)
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chloasma, lentigenes, melasma, nevus, stain, tan
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page 194, List the 3 types of hypopigmentation (3)
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Albinism, leukoderma, vitiligo
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page 195, Name at least 4 types of contagious diseases (7)
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Bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye), herpes simplex virus, in Pedigo, tinea, tinea corporis, tinea versicolor, verruca (warts)
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page 196, What causes acne?
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Clogged pores, bacterial, cosmetics and products, triggers
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page 197, What may trigger an acne flare up?
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Hormones, stress, foods, irritations
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page 199, Describe the 4 grades of acne
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Grade I: minor breakouts, mostly open comedones, some closed comedones, and a few papules and pustules
Grade II: Many closed comedones, more open comedones, and more papules and pustules Grade III: Red and inflamed, many papules and pustules Grade IV: Cystic acne. Cysts with comedone, papules, pustules, and inflammation or present |
