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82 Cards in this Set
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Health Behavior |
Refers those personal attributes such as beliefs, values, expectations, perception, and other cognitive elements; personality characteristics, including effective and emotional states and traits; overt behavior patterns, actions and habits that relate to health maintenance, to health restoration and health improvement. |
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Episodic |
Seeking medical treatment during episodes when ill or injured |
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Preventive Medicine |
Identifying risk factors to lower the risk of illness |
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Family History Related to Health |
www.hhs.gov/familyhistory |
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Morbidity |
Pertaining to illness and disease |
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Mortality |
Pertaining to death |
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Risk Factor |
A biomedical index such as serum cholesterol level or a behavioral pattern such as smoking, associated with a chronic disease |
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High Risk Behavior |
A behavioral pattern, such as smoking, associated with a high risk of developing a chronic illness |
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Intrinsic |
Inside the body |
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Extrinsic |
Outside the body |
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Empowerment |
Gain more self control over one's health perspective (i.e., drug prevention within communities at risk) |
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Physical |
Body wt, sight, strength,coordination, endurance, susceptibility to disease |
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Emotional |
See the world in realistic manner, cope with stress, remain flexible, resolve conflict |
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Spiritual |
Religious and/or personal beliefs, need and willingness to serve others, understanding human behavior |
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Social |
Social skills and cultural sensitivity |
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Occupational |
Human behavior in the workplace |
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Intellectual |
Ability to analyze, synthesize, hypothesize and act on information |
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Environmental |
Land, air, and water |
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Holistic Health |
A requirement of health that moves beyond the cure/prevention of illness and the postponement of death |
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Factors that influence a person to change health behaviors |
Behaviors must be associated with a health problem Belief must exist that the behavior causes the health problem Knowledge that risk prevention-intervention programs exist and can be effective |
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Wellness |
The unlocking of our potential through the adoption of an overall wellness lifestyle. Gathering information through counseling, assessments and lifestyle modification strategies, leading to a desirable change in the recipients' overall lifestyle |
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Health |
Absence of disease, actions related to mortality and morbidity |
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Physical Fitness |
Attributes that allow the ability to perform physical activity |
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Physical Activity |
Bodily movement produced by skeletal muscle groups |
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Exercise |
Sub-category of physical activity; structured, repetitive, and purposive towards maintaining or improving fitness levels |
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Aerobic Exercise |
activity requiring oxygen for energy production |
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Anaerobic Exercise |
Activity NOT requiring oxygen for energy production |
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Components of Physical Fitness |
Cardio-respiratory endurance Muscular strength Muscular endurance Flexibility Body composition |
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Cardiorespiratory Endurance |
Ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to process and transport oxygen over a period of time |
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Muscular Fitness |
Ability of skeletal muscles to perform contractions |
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Strength |
Ability to perform at our near its maximum for a short period of time |
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Endurance |
Ability for muscle group to repeatedly contract over a long period of time |
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Overload Principle |
Gradually increasing the resistance can lead to increased muscular strength and endurance |
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Isometric |
Same measure |
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Isotonic |
Full range of motion, progressive resistance |
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Isokinetic |
Speed accommodates the movements of the exercises- expensive computerized dynamometers |
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Osteoporosis |
Loss of calcium from bone is more evident in middle-aged women |
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Osteoarthritis |
(Wear and tear inflammation) upon weight bearing joints related to years of friction |
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Surgeon General's Report |
www.cdc.gov (health promotion-PA) Recommends that all Americans be moderately active on most or all days of the week and also perform resistance training A goal of expending 150 calories per day or 1000 calories per week is recommended |
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ACSM |
American College of Sports Medicine |
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Warm-Up |
(slow gradual increased of movement 10-15 minutes leading into stretching) |
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Conditioning Workout |
(cardiorespiratory endurance, strength training, and flexibility regime following ACSM guidelines) |
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Cool-Down |
(return the body to a resting state in 5-10 minutes, i.e., walking, stretching, etc.) |
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Where to find information |
Professional Journals and Government Documentary |
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What is Health Promotion? |
Getting checked up Pros- Longer and better quality of life Reducing incidence of illness Feeling better |
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Holistic |
Looks at all concepts |
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Prevalence |
Number of people with the disease |
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Incidence |
Annual diagnosis rate or the number of new cases www.wrongdiagnosis.com/copd/prevalence.htm |
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Chronic Disease |
A disease that pro-longs throughout the life |
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Difference Between Type 1 and Type 2? |
Type 1 appears in childhood (doesn't produce insulin) Type 2 appears in adulthood (over produce insulin) |
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Nutrients |
Elements necessary for growth, energy, and repair of tissues |
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Carohydrates |
Chemical compound composed of sugar units |
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Fats |
Long term energy, insulation, carrier of certain vitamins, and feeling of satiety (fullness) |
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Kcal Value of Fats? |
9 kcal/grams |
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Saturated Fat |
Increases the amount of cholesterol in blood |
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Monounsaturated Fat |
Does not increase the blood cholesterol level and may decrease it (olive oil and peanut oil provide monounsaturated fat) |
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Polyunsaturated Fat |
Decreases BCL |
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Trans fat |
Chemically altered through a process called hydrogenation and increase LDL cholesterol. |
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What is Cholesterol? |
White fat-like substance found in cells of animal origin |
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Function of Cholesterol |
Synthesizes cell membranes, forms hormones, and bile |
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Protein functions |
Growth and repair of tissue |
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Kcal value of Protein |
4 kcal/gram |
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Amino Acids |
The chief components of protein: can be manufactured from the body or obtained from dietary sources |
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Vitamin Functions |
organic compounds required for normal growth, reproduction, and maintenance of health by acting as a co-enzyme |
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Minerals |
Inorganic materials needed in trace amounts for normal body maintenance (teeth, muscles, hemoglobin, hormones) and critical for regulation of body processes (muscle contraction, heart function, blood clotting, red blood cell formation) |
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RDA of Minerals |
250 mg of each major mineral |
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Dehydration |
Abnormal depletion of fluids from the body (coffee, tea, alcohol) |
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Fiber |
Edible, indigestible roughage |
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Function of Fiber |
Allows transition of food within the bowels |
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Stress |
Physiological and psychological response to: significant change, unexpected change, and disruption in one's life |
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Distress |
Stress resulting from unpleasant events |
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Eustress |
Stress resulting from a pleasant events |
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Stress Response |
Both produce the same physiological responses, but different psychological responses |
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Fight or Flight |
Physiological response to a stressor that prepare the body to respond (fight) or avoid (flight) |
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Chronic Stress |
Remaining in a continued state of physiological arousal for an extended period of time |
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Procrastinate |
(put something off- increases mistakes) |
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Perfectionist |
(having little tolerance for mistakes) |
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Physical Aspects of Coping Strategies |
exercise, nutrition, sleep |
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Circadian Rhythms |
Internal clock that coordinates physiological processes influenced by 24 hour light/dark cycle |
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Social Aspects of Stress Management |
Make time to have fun and play Laughter is effective Human contact through social connections Pets are associated with a reduction in stress |
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Environmental Aspects of Stress Management |
Reduce noise levels AMount/type of light Meaningful and challenging experiences Aesthetic quality of inhabited space (color, plants, photos, smell) |
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Psychological Aspects of Stress Management |
Meditation and Hypnosis Cognitive Self-Talk Progressive Muscle Relaxation Deep Breathing Guided Imagery and Visualization Stress INoculation Biofeedback |