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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
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name the filaria
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a. Wuchereria bancrofti (90% of lymphatic filariasis. Sheathed & nuclei stop short of the tail)
b. Brugia malayi (10% lymphatic filariasis. Sheathed & 2 small dysmorphic nuclei in the tail) c. Onchocerca volvulus (NOT SHEATHED) d. Loa loa (Sheathed. normal nuclei through tip of tail) |
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Which filaria is not diagnosed by blood but by skin snip?
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Oncocerca
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African trypanosomiasis
(2 types: t. brucei rhodensiense (E Africa) vs gambiense (W Africa)) Has anterior flagella and posterior TERMINAL kinetoplast |
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American trypanosomiasis
= Trypanosoma cruzi C- shaped very dark large subterminal kinetoplast |
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Leishmania
Amastigotes with kinetoplasts in macrophage |
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What parasite is transmitted by the tsetse fly?
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African trypanosomiasis
(T.b. rhodensiense & gambiense) |
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What parasite is transmitted by the reduvid bug?
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American trypanosomiasis
= Trypanosoma cruzi = Chagas disease |
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What parasite is transmitted by the sandfly?
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Leishmania
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What diseases are transmitted by the Ixodes tick?
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Babesia
Lyme Ehrlichia Anaplasma |
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What diseases are transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito?
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Yellow fever
Dengue fever |
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P. falciparum
banana gametocytes |
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P falciparum
doubly infected cells |
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P falciparum
Applique form |
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Babesia
organisms are smaller (< one fifth RBC) than falciparum (~1/3) and have more variable shapes |
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Plasmodium ovale
FIMBRIATED RBC |
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P ovale (fimbriated RBC & Schuffners dots)
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P vivax
RBCs are ENLARGED Schuffner's dots pigment |
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P vivax
has most merozoites per schizont (10-20) |
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What region is spared by P vivax?
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West Africa.
Evolved to be Duffy a-/b-, and duffy is the receptor |
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What malaria types have a latent form in the liver that must be treated?
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P vivax
P ovale |
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What malaria classically shows infection in larger RBCs
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P vivax
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What malaria has the most pigment
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P malariae
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What malarias show Schuffners dots
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P vivax
P ovale |
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P malariae
Chunky brown pigment 8-12 merozoites/ schizont normal sized RBC |
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P malariae
BAND FORM unique |
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# of merozoites per schizont
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P vivax: 10-20
P malariae: 8-12 P ovale: 6-14 |
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Major nematode / roundworms
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– Enterobious vermicularis (pinworm)
– Tricuris triciuria (whipworm) – Ascaris lumbricoides – Hookworms – Strongyloides stercoralis |
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Pinworm eggs
Enterobius vermicularis flattened on one side 50-60um x 20-40um |
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"bilaterally symmetric egg and bilaterally symmetric name"!
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Trichuris trichiura
Whipworm 2 opercula on opposite sides infective after 3 weeks in the soil 50um x 20um |
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Ascaris lumbricoides
gross! 30cm |
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Ascaris lumbricoides
Fertilized egg (round) Ruffled outer surface ~ bark ~ LUMBER |
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Ascaris lumbricoides
Unfertilized egg (elongated) |
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Ancylostoma duodenale
Hookworm TEETH!! |
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Necator americanus
Hookworm No teeth. Cutting plates. |
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Hookwork egg
Thick lucent smooth shell can't speciate |
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Worm most associated with eosinophilia
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strongyloides
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only worm that can reproduce repeatedly in the host and autoinfect, or can live entirely in the soil
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strongyloides
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larvae of hookworm or strongyloides?
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hookworm larvae
-LONG buccal canal - no genital primordium |
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larvae of hookworm or strongyloides?
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strongyloides larvae
-SHORT buccal canal - prominent genital primordium |
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Schistosoma mansoni
LATERAL SPINE (manson the murderer) |
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schistosoma haemotobium
TERMINAL spine (looks like you can draw blood with it) |
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Which schistosoma are GI parasites? bladder?
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S. mansonia and japonicum are GI
S. haemotobium is bladder |
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Chronic infection with S mansoni?
S haemotobium? |
S mansoni & japonicum: eggs get stuck in liver, cause fibrosis, and can lead to cor pulmonale
S haem: Bladder issues, increased salmonella UTIs, and SCC! |
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schistosoma japonicum
rounder egg than the others, with a small lateral spine or no spine at all |
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what fluke is strongly associated with cholangiocarcinoma?
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clonorchis sinensis
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clonorchis sinensis
WIDE operculum little spine at end 30um |
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Fasciola or fasciolopsis
Top can Pop! large eggs |
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100um
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Paragonimus egg
looks like clonorchis but is 3x the size Large operculum |
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Diphyllobothrium latum egg
60um operculum thin shell spine |
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Taenia solium
cysticercus |
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taenia egg
Round radial striations hooklets in center! |
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Pollen!
has radial striations like taenia but no hooklets |
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taenia solium
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taenia saginatium
>15 uterine branches |
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Taenia solium
7-12 primary uterine branches |
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liver
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hydatid cyst from echinococcus
protoscoleces |
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hymenolepis egg
round space between embryo and shell |
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Pediculus humanus
Body / head louse One pair of antennae, each with five segments Six legs project from the fused segments of the thorax these legs are short and terminate with a single claw and opposing "thumb". |
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Pthirus pubis
Pubic lice ROUND body back legs are THICKER and have claws |
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Which schistosoma eggs are acid fast?
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Mansoni & japonicum; hematobium is negative on AFB
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submucosa of body of stomach
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anisakis
fish nematode Asia **distinctive Y-shaped lateral cords! |