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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what Is denial?
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person ignores reality and absolutely refuse to be swayed by evidence
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what is rationalization? |
justifying a behavior or action by making an excuse or an explanation
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what is displacement?
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discharging intense feelings for one person onto another object or person who is less threatening |
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what is identification? |
modeling behavior after someone else |
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what is intellectualization?
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excessive reasoning and logic to counter emotional distress (a nursing student is upset by the death of a pt, but talks at length about the equipment on the code cart) |
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what is reaction formation?
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an intense feeling that is unknowingly acted out in an opposite manner (you treat someone who you unconsciously dislike in an over friendly manner) |
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what is regression?
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returning to an earlier level of behavior when severely threatened |
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what is repression?
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unconsciously blocking an unwanted thought or memory from open expression (a student does not truly remember cheating on a very important test) |
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what is splitting?
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viewing people or situations as all good or all bad (a pt praises a nurse one day and then hates and scorns her the next day) |
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what is sublimation? |
rechanneling an impulse into a more socially desirable acceptable activity (a student has generalized angry feelings about school so she take up kickboxing as an after-school sport) |
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what does enabling mean?
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"helping" a person so that consequences from unhealthy behavior are less severe: enabling "helps" the unhealthy behavior to continue |
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what is co-dependency?
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a family member or friend who overcompensates and tries to "fix the situation" or to control the substance abuser |
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what are medical conditions associated with alcoholism? |
cirrhosis, cardiomyopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, hypertension, stroke, sleep disturbances, malnutrition, peripheral neuropathies, cognitive impairment, leukopenia (decreased wbcs), thrombocytopenia (decreased platelets), and chronic infection |
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when do withdrawal symptoms occur in alcoholics?
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as early as 6 to 12 hours |
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what are progressive symptoms of alcohol withdrawal? |
increased BP, increased pulse, tremors, N/V, diaphoresis, delirium tremens (DTs), hallucinations, and seizures |
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when may major alcohol withdrawal symptoms occur? |
2-3 days after the last drink |
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how long may major alcohol withdrawal symptoms last? |
3 to 5 days |
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to diagnose alcohol dependence what must be present? |
presence of withdrawal, significant impairment in family relationships and occupational productivity, blackouts, drinking in spite of serious consequences to health or occupation, and evidence of tolerance |
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what is detoxification?
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the process of ridding the body of the abused substance, without causing harmful ill effects |
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what does CIWA indicate? |
severity of the withdrawal and suggest whether admission to the hospital is warranted, or if outpatient treatment is adequate |
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once a pt is stable and able to participate in a treatment program what does therapy consist of?
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confronting the pt's denial and encouraging self-diagnosis |
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what is Disulfiram (Antabuse)? |
a drug that causes unpleasant reactions if the pt decides to return to drinking |
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what is Naltrexone (ReVia)? |
can be used to block the craving for alcohol and to prevent relapse in recovery phase |
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what is Nalmefene (Revex)? |
similar to ReVia, but lasts longer and is more potent |
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what is magnesium sulfates antedote? |
calcium gluconate
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what is thiamine for?
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contributes to enzyme production for carbohydrate metabolism |
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what is Wernicke's encephalopathy?
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a condition that is reversible with treatment |
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what is Korsakoff's syndrome?
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(substance induced persisting dementia), which is irreversible |
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what are symptoms of Wernicke's encelphalopathy? |
confusion, ataxia, and significant memory loss |
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