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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Sigmund Freud known for?
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Psychoanalytic Theories
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What were the main components of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theories?
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* Id
* Super Ego * Ego |
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Which two theorists are known for their Developmental Theories?
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* Erik Erikson
* Jean Piaget |
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What is the prime focus of Erikson's Developmental Theory?
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Psychosocial stages
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What is the prime focus of Piaget's Developmental Theory?
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Cognitive stages
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List Erikson's Psychosocial Stages:
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* Trust vs. Mistrust (infant)
* Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (toddler) * Initiative vs. guilt (preschool) * Industry vs. inferiority (school age) * Identity vs. role confusion (adolescence) * Intimacy vs. isolation (young adult) * Generativity vs. stagnation (middle adult) * Ego integrity vs. despair (maturity) |
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According to Freud, what is the "conscious?"
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perceptions, thoughts and emotions that exist in a person's awareness
(examples: being aware of happy feelings or thinking about a loved one) |
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According to Freud, what is the "preconscious?"
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Thoughts and emotions that are not currently in a person's awareness, but he or she can recall them with some effort
(example: an adult remembering what he or she did as a child) |
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According to Freud, what is the "unconscious?"
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The realm of thoughts and feelings that motivate a person, even though he or she is totally unaware of them.
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Which of Freud's 3 levels of awareness includes most defense mechanisms?
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The unconscious
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List Jean Piaget's cognitive stages of development:
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1. Sensorimotor: birth to 2 yrs.
2. Preoperational: 2-6 yrs. 3. Concrete Operations: 6-12 yrs. 4. Formal Operations: 12-15 yrs. |
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List Freud's developmental stages:
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* Oral: birth-18 months
* Anal: 18-36 months * Phallic/oedipal: 3-5 yrs. * Latency: 5-11 or 13 yrs. * Genital: 11-13 yrs. |
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Who was the first psychological theorist to refer to a patient as a "client?"
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Carl Rogers
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Which two theorists are known for their "Humanistic Theories?"
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* Carl Rogers
* Abraham Maslow |
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Which theorist focused on "client-centered therapy?"
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Carl Rogers
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Which theorist focused on the "hierarchy of needs?"
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Abraham Maslow
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Which two theorists are known for their Behavioral Theories?
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* Ivan Pavlov
* B.F. Skinner |
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Which theorist focused on behavior modification?
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B.F. Skinner
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Which theorist focused on the conditioned response?
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Ivan Pavlov
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Skinner's behavior modification theory is known for what principle?
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positive and negative reinforcement
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Which theorists are known for their "Existential Theories?"
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* Albert Ellis
* Viktor Frankl * Frederick Perls * William Glasser |
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Frederick Perls is known for what type of therapy ?
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Gestalt Therapy
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What is involved in Gestalt therapy?
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Focusing on the "here & now;" writing journals, etc.
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William Glasser is known for what type of therapy?
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Reality therapy
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What is the guiding principle of Glasser's Reality Therapy?
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The patient is responsible for his/her own actions, and should not blame others for any outcomes.
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Albert Ellis is known for what type of therapy?
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Rational emotive therapy
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Viktor Frankl is known for what type of therapy?
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Logotherapy
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What is the central theme of Frankl's Logotherapy?
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The search for meaning
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Hildegard Peplau was known for what type of therapy?
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Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Therapy
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Which theorist is known for "Milieu" (group) therapy?
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Harry Stack Sullivan
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What are the 4 phases of Peplau's Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Therapy?
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1. Orientation phase
2. Identification phase 3. Exploitation phase 4. Resolution phase |
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What are the 6 roles of the psychiatric nurse, according to Peplau?
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1. Stranger
2. Resource person 3. Teacher 4. Leader 5. Surrogate 6. Counselor |
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What is a psychosocial assessment?
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a mental status examination
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What are the 3 key points in a psychosocial assessment?
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1. current emotional state
2. mental capacity 3. behavior function |
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What are the 4 levels of anxiety, according to Peplau?
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* Mild: this can be positive; strengthens focus
* Moderate: perceptual field is decreased * Severe: physiological changes take place (sweating, increased HR, etc.) * Panic: loss of rational thought (hallucinations, loss of mobility, etc.) |
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Define "therapeutic communication:"
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An interpersonal interaction between the nurse and client during which the nurse focuses on the client's specific needs to promote an effective exchange of information (Videbeck, p.112)
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List the nurse's goals in caring for a psychiatric patient:
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* Establishing rapport
* Active listening: gaining the client's perspective * Exploring the client's thoughts & feelings * Guiding the client in problem-solving |