Medical Terminology For Exam 2

Front 1

Corium

Back 1

synonym for dermis
inner layer of skin

Front 2

cutaneous

Back 2

referring to the skin

Front 3

epidermis

Back 3

outer layer of skin

Front 4

lunula

Back 4

white crescent shaped area of a nail

Front 5

sebaceous

Back 5

oil-producing gland

Front 6

sudoriferous

Back 6

sweat-producing glands

Front 7

comedo

Back 7

blackhead; primary lesion in acne

Front 8

cyanosis

Back 8

abnormal condition signaled by bluish discoloration of tissue

Front 9

cyst

Back 9

closed sac or pouch in or under the skin that contains fluid or solid material

Front 10

dermatomycosis

Back 10

fungal infection of the skin

Front 11

diaphoresis

Back 11

perspiration

Front 12

ecchymosis

Back 12

purple patch more that 3mm in diameter caused by blood under the skin; see also petechiae

Front 13

eczema

Back 13

inflammatory condition of skin characterized by erythema, vesicles and crusting with scales

Front 14

erythema

Back 14

abnormal redness of the skin

Front 15

excoriation

Back 15

scratch mark; break in the skin

Front 16

hemangioma

Back 16

benign tumor of blood vessels; birthmark

Front 17

hyperhidrosis

Back 17

profuse sweating; excessive perspiration

Front 18

ichthyosis

Back 18

abnormally dry skin; scaly;

Front 19

impetigo

Back 19

inflammatory skin disease with pustules that rupture and become crusted

Front 20

keloid

Back 20

overgrowth of scar tissue

Front 21

macule

Back 21

flat discolored area that is flush with the skin; birthmark or freckle

Front 22

nevus

Back 22

mole; pigmented skin blemish, usually benign

Front 23

nodule

Back 23

small node circumscribed by swelling

Front 24

onychomalacia

Back 24

softening of the nails

Front 25

onychopathy

Back 25

any disease of the nails

Front 26

papule

Back 26

small circumscribed solid elevation of the skin

Front 27

paronychia

Back 27

infection around a nail

Front 28

petechia

Back 28

tiny hemorrhagic spot on the skin less than 3mm in diameter

Front 29

polyp

Back 29

a mass of tissue that bulges outward from the skins surface on a stem or stalk of mucous membrane

Front 30

pruritis

Back 30

itching

Front 31

psoriasis

Back 31

chronic skin condition with itchy red scaly patches

Front 32

pustule

Back 32

small (up to 1 cm in diameter) circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus

Front 33

scleroderma

Back 33

thickening and hardening of the skin. disease

Front 34

tinea
barbae
capitis
pedis

Back 34

any fungal infection of the skin
beard
head
foot

Front 35

urticaria

Back 35

hives

Front 36

verruca

Back 36

wart

Front 37

vesicle

Back 37

small fluid filled raised lesion; blister

Front 38

vitiligo

Back 38

localized loss of skin pigmentation with white patches

Front 39

antipruritc

Back 39

agent to reduce itching

Front 40

antipyretic

Back 40

agent to reduce fever

Front 41

debridement

Back 41

removal of necrotic or dead tissue

Front 42

dermatoplasty

Back 42

plastic surgery repair performed on the skin

Front 43

onychectomy

Back 43

surgical removal of a nail

Front 44

onychotomy

Back 44

incision into a nail

Front 45

amphiarthrosis

Back 45

joint with little movement

Front 46

appendicular

Back 46

having to do with something attached

Front 47

axial

Back 47

straight line through the body

Front 48

brachial

Back 48

having to do with an arm

Front 49

bursa

Back 49

sac-like connective structure found in some joints

Front 50

calcaneus

Back 50

the heel bone

Front 51

carpal

Back 51

the wrist bone

Front 52

chondrogenesis

Back 52

formation of cartilage

Front 53

chondroid

Back 53

resembling cartilage4

Front 54

diaphysis

Back 54

shaft of the long bone

Front 55

diaphysis

Back 55

synonym for synovial joint

Front 56

endosteum

Back 56

inner membrane layer of the bone

Front 57

epiphysis

Back 57

end of the long bone (distal, proximal)

Front 58

extension

Back 58

to straighten a joint

Front 59

femur

Back 59

thighbone

Front 60

fibula

Back 60

the lateral leg bone

Front 61

flexion

Back 61

bending a joint

Front 62

frontal bone

Back 62

one of the 6 main cranial bones

Front 63

humerus

Back 63

long bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow

Front 64

ilium

Back 64

one of the 3 bones fused together to form the hip bone

Front 65

ischium

Back 65

one of the 3 fused bones that form the hip bone

Front 66

lumbar

Back 66

lower vertebrae in spinal column

Front 67

malleolus

Back 67

bony protrusion on either side of the ankle

Front 68

mandible

Back 68

lower jaw bone

Front 69

maxilla

Back 69

bone above the upper teeth

Front 70

medullary cavity

Back 70

bone marrow cavity

Front 71

metacarpal

Back 71

bone extending from the wrist to the 1st knuckle in each hand

Front 72

metatarsal

Back 72

bone between tarsals and phalanges of the foot

Front 73

os coxae

Back 73

hip bone

Front 74

osseous

Back 74

bone tissue

Front 75

ossification

Back 75

bone formation

Front 76

osteocytes

Back 76

mature bone cells

Front 77

osteogenesis

Back 77

formation of bone

Front 78

patella

Back 78

kneecap

Front 79

pectoral girdle

Back 79

shoulder girdle

Front 80

parietal bones

Back 80

2 of the 6 cranial bones

Front 81

occipital bone

Back 81

1 of 6 main cranial bones

Front 82

frontal bone

Back 82

1 of 6 main cranial bones

Front 83

parietal bones

Back 83

2 of 6 main cranial bones

Front 84

periosteum

Back 84

membrane that surrounds the outside of the bone

Front 85

pubis

Back 85

1 of fused bones to form hip bone

Front 86

radius

Back 86

arm bone from elbow to wrist

Front 87

sacrum

Back 87

bone formed of 5 fused vertebrae near the base of the spinal column

Front 88

scapula

Back 88

shoulder blade

Front 89

sternum

Back 89

breast bone

Front 90

suture

Back 90

a fibrous membrane joining bones especially the cranial bones

Front 91

synarthrosis

Back 91

joint with no movement

Front 92

talus

Back 92

bone in the ankle that articulates with the tibia and fibula

Front 93

tarsus

Back 93

instep or sole of the foot; the 7 bones making up the bottom of the foot

Front 94

temporal bones

Back 94

2 of 6 cranial bones; on each side of head near the ears

Front 95

thoracic

Back 95

chest

Front 96

tibia

Back 96

shin bone

Front 97

ulna

Back 97

bone extending from elbow to wrist

Front 98

xiphoid process

Back 98

bony dagger like structure at the lower end of the sternum

Front 99

zygomatic bones

Back 99

a facial bone (cheek)

Front 100

arthralgia

Back 100

pain in a joint

Front 101

arthrocele

Back 101

swelling of a joint

Front 102

arthrochondritis

Back 102

inflammation of cartilage in a joint

Front 103

arthrodynia

Back 103

pain in a joint

Front 104

arthropathy

Back 104

any disorder of a joint

Front 105

arthrosis

Back 105

disintegration of a joint

Front 106

brachialgia

Back 106

pain in the arm

Front 107

bursitis

Back 107

inflammation of a bursa

Front 108

chondrodynia

Back 108

pain originating in cartilage

Front 109

chodromalacia

Back 109

softening of cartilage

Front 110

chondropathy

Back 110

disease of cartilage

Front 111

chodrosarcoma

Back 111

malignant tumor of cartilage

Front 112

compound fracture

Back 112

break in bone where bone comes through the skin

Front 113

costalgia

Back 113

pain in a rib

Front 114

costocondritis

Back 114

inflammation of rib cartilage

Front 115

dactylagia

Back 115

pain in a finger or toe

Front 116

dactyldynia

Back 116

pain in a finger or toe

Front 117

dactylomegaly
megadactyly

Back 117

enlargment of finger(s)/ toe(s)

Front 118

kyphosis

Back 118

humpback; concave curvature of the thoracic and sacral region of the spine

Front 119

lordosis

Back 119

swayback; abnormal anteriorly convex curvature of the lumbar part of spine

Front 120

ostealgia

Back 120

pain in a bone

Front 121

osteitis

Back 121

inflammation of bone

Front 122

osteochondritis

Back 122

inflammation of bone and associated cartilage

Front 123

osteodynia

Back 123

pain in a bone

Front 124

osteomalacia

Back 124

softening of bone

Front 125

osteomylelitis

Back 125

inflammation of bone marrow

Front 126

osteopenia

Back 126

abnormally low bone density

Front 127

osteoporosis

Back 127

atrophy and thinning of bone tissue

Front 128

osteosarcoma

Back 128

highly malignant tumor of bone

Front 129

rickets

Back 129

disease due to vit D deficiency causing deficient calcification and soft bones associated with skeletal deformities

Front 130

scoliosis

Back 130

lateral curvature of the spine

Front 131

orthopedics

Back 131

medical specialty concerned with development, preservation, restoration and function of the musculoskeletal system

Front 132

rheumatology

Back 132

filed of specialty that deals with joints and connective tissue disorders

Front 133

arthrocentesis

Back 133

removing fluid from a joint

Front 134

arthrogram

Back 134

radiograph of a joint

Front 135

arthrometry

Back 135

measurement of the amount of movement of a joint

Front 136

myelogram

Back 136

x-ray of the spinal column using contrast medium

Front 137

reduction

Back 137

realigning bone pieces to correct a fracture

Front 138

traction

Back 138

using elastics or pulleys to maintain bone alignment

Front 139

arthrectomy

Back 139

removal of a joint

Front 140

arthroplasty

Back 140

surgical repair of a joint

Front 141

carpectomy

Back 141

exision of part of the wrist

Front 142

chondroplasty

Back 142

surgical repair of cartilage

Front 143

costectomy

Back 143

excision of a rib

Front 144

osteorrhaphy

Back 144

suturing together parts of broken bone

Front 145

osteotomy

Back 145

surgical cutting of bone

Front 146

vertebrectomy

Back 146

excision of a vertebra

Front 147

fascia

Back 147

fibrous sheath of connective tissue covering a muscle

Front 148

ligament

Back 148

type of muscle tissue connecting bones, cartilage or other tissue structures

Front 149

myocardial muscle

Back 149

heart muscle

Front 150

prime mover

Back 150

muscle that has the principal responsibility for a given movement

Front 151

tendon

Back 151

a type of muscle structure

Front 152

tone
tonicity

Back 152

tension present in resting muscle

Front 153

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Back 153

a progressive degeneraton of the nerve tracts of the spinal cord, causing muscular atrophy

Front 154

asthenia

Back 154

weakness

Front 155

atonia

Back 155

flaccidity; lack of muscle tone

Front 156

atrophy

Back 156

wasting of muscles

Front 157

carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 157

tendons going through the carpal tunnel in wrist become inflammed and swollen

Front 158

epicondylitis

Back 158

inflammation of tissues around elbow; tennis elbow

Front 159

fibromyalgia

Back 159

chronic disoder with aching and stiffness in muscles and tissues, and fatigue

Front 160

hemiparesis

Back 160

slight paralysis of one side of the body

Front 161

hemiplegia

Back 161

total paralysis of one side of the body

Front 162

kinesialgia

Back 162

pain resulting from movement

Front 163

muscular dystrophy

Back 163

inherited muscle disorder causing muscle weakness without affecting the nervous system

Front 164

myasthenia gravis

Back 164

immunologic disorder characterized by fluctuating weakness

Front 165

myocele

Back 165

hernia of a muscle

Front 166

myodynia

Back 166

pain in a muscle

Front 167

myoma

Back 167

benign neoplasm of muscle tissue

Front 168

myoparesis

Back 168

weakness or partial partial paralysis of a muscle

Front 169

myositis

Back 169

inflammation of muscle

Front 170

myospasm

Back 170

muscle spasm

Front 171

periostitis

Back 171

inflammation of the periosteium or covering surrounding a bone

Front 172

plantar fasciitis

Back 172

inflammation of the plantar fascia causing heel pain

Front 173

tenalgia
tenodynia

Back 173

pain in a tendon

Front 174

tendonitis

Back 174

inflammation of a tendon

Front 175

electromyography

Back 175

EMG records strength of muscle contractions

Front 176

epiglottis

Back 176

mucous membrane covered leaf shaped piece of cartilage at the root of the tongue

Front 177

glottis

Back 177

vocal folds and apparatus of the larynx

Front 178

laryngopharynx

Back 178

lower portion of the pharynx

Front 179

mediastinum

Back 179

area between the lungs that houses the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus and bronchi

Front 180

nasopharynx

Back 180

upper portion of the pharynx

Front 181

oropharynx

Back 181

upper portion of the pharynx

Front 182

patency

Back 182

state of being open

Front 183

pharynx

Back 183

passageway just below the nasal cavity and mouth

Front 184

phrenic

Back 184

refering the the diaphragm

Front 185

pleura

Back 185

membrane surrounding the lung
parietal pleura is outer layer
visceral pleura is inner layer

Front 186

trachea

Back 186

windpipe

Front 187

apnea

Back 187

absence of breathing

Front 188

atelectasis

Back 188

collapse of a lung or part of a lung

Front 189

bradypnea

Back 189

slow breathing

Front 190

bronchiectasis

Back 190

chronic dilation of bronchi

Front 191

bronchiolitis

Back 191

inflammation of the bronchioles

Front 192

bronchiostenosis

Back 192

narrowing of brochial tubes

Front 193

Cheyne-Stokes

Back 193

rhythlmic respiratory pattern where there is variation in depth of respirations altering with apnea

Front 194

croup
laryngotracheobronchitis

Back 194

viral infection causing aswelling of larynx and epiglottis; characteristic barking sound

Front 195

dysphonia

Back 195

difficult or painful. speech

Front 196

dyspnea

Back 196

difficult breathing

Front 197

emphysema

Back 197

inefficient alveoli because of distension

Front 198

hemoptysis

Back 198

blood tinged frothy sputum

Front 199

Kussmaul

Back 199

rapid deep respirations characteristic of acid-base imbalance (common in uncontrolled diabetes)

Front 200

laryngitis

Back 200

inflammation of larynx

Front 201

laryngostenosis

Back 201

narrowing of larynx

Front 202

orthopnea

Back 202

discomfort or difficulty in breathing while lying flat

Front 203

pertussis

Back 203

infectious inflammation of larynx trachea and bronchi

Front 204

phrenoplegia

Back 204

paralysis of the diaphragm

Front 205

pneumolith

Back 205

calculus in a lung

Front 206

pneumothorax

Back 206

accumulation of air in the pleural space

Front 207

rales

Back 207

abnormal breath sound; crackles

Front 208

rhonchi

Back 208

abnormal breath sound; low pitched sonorous sounds

Front 209

stridor

Back 209

high pitched squeaking sound associated with croup;

Front 210

tachypnea

Back 210

abnormal rapid respiration

Front 211

tracheitis

Back 211

inflammation of the trachea

Front 212

tracheostenosis

Back 212

narrowing of the trachea

Front 213

postural drainage

Back 213

therapy where patient lies on side on a decline to drain the lungs

Front 214

pulse oximeter

Back 214

device that measures the oxygen saturation of arterial blood

Front 215

pneumonectomy

Back 215

removal of pulmonary lobes from a lung

Front 216

spirometer

Back 216

device used to measure respiratory gases

Front 217

thoracentesis

Back 217

insertion of needle into pleural cavity to withdraw fluid for diagnostic purposes or to drain excess fluid or to re-expand a collapsed lung

Front 218

tracheostomy

Back 218

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea to form an airway or to prepare for th einsertion of a tube for ventilation

Front 219

tracheotomy

Back 219

incision into the trachea to restore airflow to lungs

Front 220

otolaryngologist

Back 220

doc specializing in ear nose and throat diseases