Media In Society Exam Ii

Front 1

5 features of effective slogans

Back 1

1. Slogans should be memorable, use puns, catchy slogans, etc.

2. Slogans should recall and brand name: ideal; the brand name should be included in the slogan

3. Slogans should include a key benefit: Showcase one important feature of the product

4. Slogans should differentiate the brand

Slogans should impact positive feelings for the brand

Front 2

The 4 big factors that led to big changes in TV news at the Network level ("transition economy of network news")

Back 2

-New Ownership: leads to culture clash

-Deregulation diminishes public interest standard

-Networks are competing-drives down entertainment money

-Success of 60 minutes

Front 3

Ben Bagdikian

Back 3

-Had 25,000 media outlets in US

-50 corporations

-Worried about media consolidation

Front 4

Media Industrial Complex

Back 4

-Base on the military

-Idea the military and industry are working together

-Collin Powers on the view

-Head of military

-The negative press around the decision of the mosque around 9/11 memorial was around the media industrial complex

Front 5

How many global transnational media companies dominate the global media system?

Back 5

The big six by 2015

-Time Warner

-The Walt Disney Company

-News Corporation

-Viacom

-General Electric

-CBS

Front 6

Cultural Imperialism

Back 6

-Western media exporting cultural values

-Culture transfer through media raises concerns about cultural imperialism

Front 7

Corporate Imperialism

Back 7

-The value structure of corporation

Front 8

Synergy

Back 8

Name of the game - cross-promotion across media

Front 9

Cross Promotion

Back 9

The cooperative marketing by two or more companies of one another's products

Front 10

Where did printing first develop?

Back 10

China - Block printing - 3rd Century

Front 11

What was the Sarajevo Haggadah?

Back 11

One of the oldest "illuminated" Jewish texts

Front 12

Who was Elizabeth Eisenstein?

Back 12

-Books made possible

-Experiencing new ideas from the outside (religious texts, dictionaries, histories, stories, maps)

-Readers became free-thinking individuals

-The powerful fought back

-But books couldn't be stopped

Front 13

What were initial reactions to books?

Back 13

-Can control

-Didn't like books

-Wanted to keep books out of the hands of common folk

Front 14

The significance of

Back 14

Paperbacks

-

Dime novels

-

Pulp fiction

-

Front 15

Trade Books

Back 15

-Make lots of $$$

-Fiction, non-fiction, classics, hobbies, art, cookbooks, how-to

-Kid book series

Front 16

e-books

Back 16

-Book-length publication in digital form consisting of text, images, or both

-Read on computers, pads, pods, phones

Front 17

Harry Potter

Back 17

-Most challenged book of 21st century

-Challenged for: wizardry and magic, anti-family themes

-Credited with: countering literacy

Front 18

Illiteracy

Back 18

The inability to read or write. The lack of knowledge in a particular subject; ignorance.

Front 19

Aliteracy

Back 19

The state of being able to read but being uninterested in doing so

Front 20

Functional illiteracy

Back 20

Reading and writing skills that are inadequate "to manage daily living and employment tasks that require reading skills beyond a basic level

Front 21

Cultural literacy

Back 21

Refers to the ability to understand and participate fluently in a given culture

Front 22

Participatory Culture

Back 22

A culture in which private persons (the public) do not act as consumers only, but also as contributors or producers (prosumers)

Front 23

Digital Divide

Back 23

Knowledge gap between "have" and "have-nots" based on socioeconomic status, location in world

Front 24

Literacy rates in the U.S.

Back 24

20% of high school graduates are considered functionally illiterate (minimal reading/writing skills)

40 million adults in the U.S. are considered functionally illiterate

Front 25

U.S. literacy rates compared to other countries

Back 25

We are below average

Front 26

The correlations between literacy and incarceration

Back 26

The more illiterate the more likely they will end up in jail, also the poorer they will be

Front 27

What did the popularity of portraits have to do with motion picture's beginnings

Back 27

-After seeing portraits, they wanted to see more. So they started taking pictures of civil war action, and of the American West. This led to large room projection. They used multiple cameras to study locomotion.

-Created a habit of people gathering around to look at some things so when motion pictures came along they were already in the habit

Front 28

What are the origins of motion pictures?

Back 28

Edison established motion pictures patents company

Front 29

What did Eadweard Muybridge contribute?

Back 29

-Blends field biology and movie camera

-Multiple cameras to study locomotion

Front 30

How did Eastman and Edison work together, and what did they accomplish? How did their partnership contribute to the Hollywood flight?

Back 30

-Motion picture technology

-Eastman: Film

-Edison: Key commercialization

-People went to hollywood to get away from Edison and lawyers

-Also, California provided year round shooting

Front 31

The significance about the Great Train Robbery

Back 31

-First popular western

-12 minutes long

-Creative editing

-Beginning, middle, end

Front 32

What were nickelodeons?

Back 32

-First Movie House

-Nickel per movie

-Factory studios resulted

-Average attendance: once a week

Front 33

What role did sound plan in film? Why were some groups concerned?

Back 33

-Expensive equipment

-Dialogue important...action less

-Voice criticalSound, sound effects, and music -essential

-More elaborate

-Concern for immoral film

-Sound makes worse

-Catholic legion of decency

-Public pressure - bad economy

Front 34

What film is credited as the first "talkie" and start films with sound?

Back 34

The Jazz Singer (1927)

Front 35

How did the black film industry get its start?

Back 35

Noble and George Johnson

-Portrayed everyday life

Emmett Scott

-Scholar, film pioneer

-Financial failure

-But inspired

Oscar Micheaux

-Author, film pioneer

-Made 44 films

Front 36

The Paramount decision did what?

Back 36

Broke up vertical integration

Front 37

Film industry's response to television

Back 37

-Spectaculars

-Color, widescreen

-Technological gimmicks

-Social realism

-Audience segmentation: youth

-Drive-ins

Front 38

What are modern day film industry strategies?

Back 38

-Focus on youth/young adults

-Movie sales to TV

-Product placement

-Sequels

-Advertising/Promotion

Front 39

What is the significance of rock 'n' roll?

Back 39

-See blending of black and white music styles -north and south

-Racially motivated cover music fading as black artists finding success

-White artists like Elvis Presley integrating black artists' styles into music

Front 40

What group paved the way for the British Invasion

Back 40

The Beatles

Front 41

What is the 'cover' phenomenon and impacts?

Back 41

-Racially covering other music

-White people covering black artist music

Front 42

How was Motown started and what group became a big star? What were the strategies that made Motown successful?

Back 42

-Berry Gordy Jr

--Genius behind Motown

-Recaptured audiences siphoned off by the British Invasion

-Motown groups rivaled success of white groups for the top hits

-Cultivated romance and dance over rock's

--Rebellion and politics

Front 43

What impact did cassette tapes have on album sales? What replaced Cassettes?

Back 43

-Album sales drop 20%

-Demise of the album

--CD's and MP3 files replaced cassettes

Front 44

What were popular dance crazes during this time? Which popular TV shows or movies helped launch those crazes?

Back 44

-Motown

-Country

-MTV

Front 45

How did MTV help the music industry out of its late 70s slump? What song is famous for the debut?

Back 45

-Allowed music to launch as a music video, created a new market

-Video killed the radio star

Front 46

CD became popular in the 80s and did what for the recording industry?

Back 46

Good for industry, initially couldn't record onto CD's had to buy more to have more music

Front 47

What was Napster's role in piracy? The music industry's response?

Back 47

-Centralized location for illegally downloading song files

-Music industry suffers, reacts poorly

Front 48

An innovative response from Apple was? What happened to album sales as a result?

Back 48

-Itunes

--Price standardization

-Wiped out retail stores and album purchases

Front 49

Protest music began when? Which Motown artist wrote War? What was he protesting?

Back 49

Motown

-Recapturing audiences siphoned off by the British Invasion

-Motown groups rivaled success of white groups for the top hits

-Cultivated romance and dance over rock's

---Rebellion and politics

War

-Edwin Starr

Front 50

80s and 90s saw a different sort of protest music. What was its message? Who are some prominent artists?

Back 50

-Music as a form of social and political protest

-Songs protest perceived problems in society

-Edwin Starr: War

-Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young: Ohio

-Country Joe and the Fish: I feel like I'm fixin' to die rag

Front 51

Ohio was in response to what event?

Back 51

Incident that happened at Kent State, protesting against Vietnam war, 4 students shot

Front 52

Group that formed in Berkeley in the 60s? Protest?

Back 52

-Country Joe and the fish. Performed at Woodstock

- Protesting Vietnam war

Front 53

Who won the contract for the first telegraph line?

Back 53

Samual Morse

Front 54

The wireless telegraph patent was awarded to whom and when? This technology impacted ships in what way?

Back 54

Marconi Patent - 1896

Navy used it for commercial shipping

Front 55

What did DeForest's audion tube change about wireless technology?

Back 55

There was voice and music transmission over airways. It evolved into commercial radio.

Front 56

The wireless Ship Act of 1910 was a result of what event? What did it require?

Back 56

Titanic. Info would be transmitted to people, rather then just ship to ship.

Front 57

The Titanic disaster wasn't helped by radio due to what gap in the wireless act? What changed as a result?

Back 57

People weren't listening to radios at all times, so none heard the ship call for help. Radio Act of 1912.

Front 58

Who was David Sarnoff and what made him famous? How did this boost the perception of radio as a form of mass communication?

Back 58

Founder of NBC. Relayed titanic calls for help and told others about it. Made people aware of the importance of radio communication.

Front 59

What did the radio act of 1912 require?

Back 59

Sea Based: Ships were required to have a "continuous watch" with at least 2 certified radio operators.

Land Based: All broadcasters were required to have a license to operate.

Front 60

The move to commercial radio begins when?

Back 60

Nov 2, 1920

The number of radios in homes from the 20s to the 40s grew

-Harding and Cox - presidential debate

Front 61

Congress established the Radio Act of 1927 and what commission to help with what issue facing radio frequencies?

Back 61

Federal Radio Commission

Front 62

In 1934 Federal communications is established with jurisdiction over what entities? What is prohibited?

Back 62

Telephone, telegraph, television. Early Advertising ("Toll Broadcasting")

Radio shows emerge with sponsors

Front 63

What was the first network to emerge and who started?

Back 63

David Sarnoff

NBC

Front 64

How does the network system work? What programming instead of just music became popular with the advent of networks?

Back 64

Cost Sharing System. Advertisements.

Front 65

What are PSAs and how did they come about?

Back 65

Public Service Announcements

World War II

Promoted Patriotism

War propoganda

Front 66

The Golden Age of Radio is considered to be what years? What changed?

Back 66

1930s and 40s. World War II. They had Public Service Announcements, advertiser-supported, culturally unifying, network-affiliate, cost-sharing system.

Front 67

TV is first introduced at the World Fair in what year?

Back 67

1939

Front 68

Why did they use a transparent screen in the debut?

Back 68

So people can see what the inside looked like

Front 69

FCC allocates channels for what purpose?

Back 69

To make sure freedom of speech and other first amendments aren't messed with

Front 70

Which two networks were in existence by 1941?

Back 70

CBS and NBC

Front 71

What happens after WWII in terms of TV home ownership and requests for channels by broadcasters?

Back 71

Family routines were unchanged. Everything was modeled after radio.

Front 72

How did TV follow the radio model in terms of programming and sponsorship?

Back 72

They took famous radio shows like The Lone Ranger, Soap Operas, News, Sports, etc.

Front 73

What type of shows were popular in the 1950s? What scandal occurred that changed they way TV sold advertising?

Back 73

Quiz and Game shows. Advertisers "fixed" the game show and gave the answers to one of the contestants. It eliminated advertisers' influence over programming.

Front 74

Network era lasting during what years?

Back 74

1950s to 1970s

Front 75

What is the first presidential debate shown on TV that likely influenced the outcome of the election?

Back 75

-Nixon and JFK

-Changed how and why Americans picked their leaders

Front 76

Three big networks, NBC, ABC, CBS, peaked in 1970s. What has contributed to their decline?

Back 76

HBO and WTBS

Front 77

Termed the second coming of Networks, who launched CNN and what did it offer that had not previously been done?

Back 77

Ted Turner

Front 78

When did cable TV begin and how did it impact the networks?

Back 78

1970s

Declined Big 3

Front 79

DVR emerges in the late 90s. How does that change viewing habits? What incident showed a spike in viewership almost immediately following the live incident?

Back 79

Digital time shifting, Instantly replay live TV. Jackson-Timberlake Super Bowl Show

Front 80

What is the 1996 Telecom Act and what does it accomplish

Back 80

Deregulated able, TV get V chip, TV ratings system ordered new TV standard

Front 81

How are networks trying to make money now?

Back 81

Increasing product placement, Revisiting single-sponsorships

Front 82

Why are reality shows popular with networks?

Back 82

Cheaper, popular with younger teenager genre

Front 83

What are common adaptation triggers that can prompt an existing mass medium to evolve or change some aspect of how it does business?

Back 83

-Social and cultural changes - Consumer pref changes

-Competition for new or existing media

-New technology

-Any change in legal or regulatory that affect how they do business

Front 84

How many global corporations now control 90% of mainstream media in the United States?

Back 84

6

Front 85

The government policy change that led to fewer rules about things like how many radio and TV stations a single company could own is known as...?

Back 85

Deregulation

Front 86

Historians consider printing to have first developed in what is now known as...?

Back 86

China

Front 87

When creating an Ad for a product or service advertising should:

Back 87

Always tailor the ad message

Front 88

An effective slogan should not:

Back 88

Impart negative feelings for the brand

Front 89

What do rapper/rocker Ice T and the 1960s folk singer Country Joe have in common?

Back 89

Both used their music as a form of social commentary and protest

Front 90

The Great Debates in 1960 between John F Kennedy and Richard Nixon signaled

Back 90

Television's grand entrance into our political life

Front 91

The wireless ship act of 1910 did a lot, but there was a major oversight that became obvious when the titanic sank. Congress changed the regulations with the radio act of 1912. What was the oversight?

Back 91

Radios were not required to be constantly (24/7) monitored

Front 92

Commercial radio was able to survive the emergence of TV by doing all of the following except...?

Back 92

Never allowing one company to own more than one radio station in a market